412 The Principles of Fruit-growing. 



This danger has now become actual through the 

 flooding of the German market with fresh American 

 apples. It is, e. g., a fact, that during this winter 

 the demand for apples in Berlin is being supplied 

 with the American product, and others are scarcely 

 offered or not desired. This condition, and the 

 dangers to the German fruit industry arising there- 

 from, are set forth in a praiseworthy manner in a 

 small pamphlet by B. L. Kiihne-Rixdorf (Berlin, 

 1897). This pamphlet also points out the means 'by 

 which we in Germany, by following to some extent 

 the practical American in relation to the growing of 

 a. few good marketable varieties of fruits, rigidly sort- 

 ing them, and packing and shipping in proper pack- 

 ages can successfully meet the dangers alluded to. 



"The suggestions made by the author of the 

 pamphlet are as follows : 



"1. The fast transportation of fresh German fruit 

 at low rates on the part of the railroads. 



"2. The cultivation of a few valuable varieties. 



"3. The rigid sorting of fruit destined to be eaten 

 in the fresh state. 



"4. The rational conversion of the less valuable 

 fruit into imperishable marketable products, as fruit 

 juices, cider, marmalade, jelly, steamed fruit, dried 

 fruit, and fruit wines. 



"5. The general introduction of light, cheap and 

 strong packing cases of standard size. 



"6. The proper packing of the fresh fruit. 



"7. The training of scientific and practical special- 

 ists in fruit culture. 



