456 The Principles of Fruit -growing. 



at lower ends of ventilating flues indicate position of sliding 

 dampers, by means of which the flow of air from the cellar is 

 effectually controlled. With the short flue used in the cellar 

 here, we find that when the mercury remains below 20 Fahr. for 

 any length of time the cellar will be reduced below freezing, 

 unless the ventilators are closed. 



"The dimensions of the ground plan of the cellar are shown 

 in Fig. 114. The letters so far as used always indicate the 

 same part of the structure in the several figures. This figure 

 Shows the walls to be constructed of stone, which is unquestion- 

 ably the proper material. In our building, which was con- 

 structed to test the practicability of an idea new to this class of 

 structures, expense was avoided so far as possible, and the walls 

 are built of wood. The framing of the walls is constructed of 

 two by four scantling framed into sills laid in broken stone and 

 cement. The corner posts are four by four scantling. This 

 frame is covered outside by a double sheathing of inch oak 

 plank. The first course was put on diagonal and covered with 

 strong builder's paper, and over this a perpendicular course of 

 sheathing was put on. The whole structure was then literally 

 soaked with crude petroleum, and the earth rammed in tight 

 around the cellar story and banked up, so as to carry surface 

 water away from the walls. Inside the walls were covered with 

 mch oak boards, and -the bins constructed as indicated' in the 

 drawings. The entry-way to the cellar is wide enough to admit 

 of backing a horse -cart or wagon down into the cellar, so as to 

 unload directly from it. This is a matter of much convenience 

 to the workmen. The width of the cellar floor will permit of a 

 row of barrels being placed in front of the bins and yet admit 

 the vehicle. 



"A series of observations on the range of temperature in the 

 cellar was made during November, December, January and part 

 of February, and the results are summarized below. The ven- 

 tilator and the supply air flue were all left open from November 

 1 to December 10. The outside air temperature registered 28 

 on the morning of the first of November, and the cellar showed 

 a temperature of 46 Fahr. As the month progressed, a period 



