466 The Principles of Fruit-growing. 



large packages are used, and the grades are not so 

 carefully made, there is less reason for finding fault 

 with a few poor fruits. It is also true that many of 

 the packages, especially in the handling of peaches, 

 have been too small to allow of thoroughly honest 

 packing. This is true of the fifth and sixth -bushel 

 baskets especially. They are either too high or too 

 low to allow a given number of full tiers of fruit 

 to be placed in them, and in order to bring the top 

 layer up to its required height, it is often necessary 

 to insert a layer of small fruits somewhere below 

 the top ; and this small fruit is commonly placed in 

 the middle, because the packer cannot always dis- 

 cover if he must use it until the package is par- 

 tially filled. 



In the distribution of fruit, it should be re- 

 membered that the establishing of a reputation for 

 the fruit is quite as important as the securing of 

 a remunerative price for the present samples; there- 

 fore, the inferior fruits and culls should be kept 

 in the home markets, or manufactured into cider or 

 other secondary products ; or, if shipped, they should 

 be placed upon the market without guaranty and 

 without the grower's name. They are then sold 

 simply upon their merits, without the recommenda- 

 tion of the grower's name or any attractive label 

 or description. 



Refrigerator cars. Fruit which is of superior 

 quality will pay for considerable extra effort in 

 transportation. If it is of a perishable nature, and 

 the market is more than six or eight hours away, 



