Propagation by Parts Intact. 



187 



the quince and paradise apple. In either case, the ter- 

 minal portion of the stem is commonly left uncovered. 

 In the latter method, which is known as mound-layering 

 (Fig. 84), the stems of the plant to be layered are usu- 

 ally cut off just above the surface of the ground in early 



spring, to stimulate the for- 

 mation of vigorous shoots, 

 which are ridged up about 

 midsummer or preferably not 

 until the succeeding fall or 

 spring. The ridging should 

 be sufficiently high to cover 

 FIG. 84. Mound-layering of goose- several of the lower nodes 



berry plants. (After Bailey). (n6)> ^^ grQW out ^ 



the nodes and the shoots are usually well rooted by the 



autumn following the ridging. 



Many woody plants that do not readily form 

 roots when layered, may be induced to do so 

 by mutilating the stem 

 somewhat in the cover- 

 ed part. This tends to 

 restrict the growth cur- 

 rent (80) and causes an 

 accumulation of reserve 

 food, from which roots 

 may grow. Girdling, 

 twisting, bending o r 

 spliting the stem for a 



FIG. 85. Layered branch of currant, split 

 to encourage the formation of roots. Short distance Will often 



have the desired effect (Fig. 85). 



Layering is a very reliable and expeditious method of 

 propagating many woody and herbaceous plants. 



