226 Principles of Plant Culture. 



ficed in the lifting process. The water supply, so vitally 

 important to the plant (63), is thus greatly curtailed 

 until new root-hairs can be formed. 



Vigorous plants are generally better able to endure 

 transplanting than feebler ones, because they can sooner 

 repair the damage done to their roots. It follows that 

 plants endure transplanting with less facility as they 

 advance in age beyond the period of greatest vigor (9). 



401. The Most Favorable Time for Transplanting, in the 

 case of plants that live more than one year, is during 

 the dormant period, because growth processes are then 

 least active, and comparatively little water is needed. 

 In countries having mild winters, the most favorable 

 time for transplanting is generally at the beginning of 

 the dormant period, provided this comes at a moist sea- 

 son of the year. The roots will then have time to slowly 

 callus over their wounds and to form new rootlets, and 

 thus be prepared for active growth in spring. But in 

 countries of severe winters, where the roots are largely 

 frozen in the soil for two or three months, and in coun- 

 tries in which the autumn is generally dry, spring is, as 

 a rule, the more favorable season for transplanting. 



Trees that have been long exposed to cold, drying 

 winds and have thus suffered depletion of water from 

 their buds and branches, are better not lifted until the 

 buds begin to swell. This is especially true of evergreen 

 trees in severe climates. Being always in leaf these re- 

 quire more careful treatment than deciduous trees. 



We shall consider transplanting under three divisions, 

 viz., a, lifting the plant; b, removing the plant; and c, 

 replanting the plant. 



