vi PREFACE 



plicated structures contained within its horny wall and 

 their related functions, as concerned in locomotion. It is 

 not sufficient simply to require that the texture of a cow's 

 udder shall or shall not be thus and so, but reasons should 

 be given in terms of more or less pounds of milk. 



The nomenclature needs revision and a more consistent 

 use of specific terms might be adopted. Some names are 

 misleading. It is related how a leading agricultural edu- 

 cator had to see the " milk " vein punctured before he 

 would be convinced that blood and not milk flowed through 

 it. If the name " mammary vein " were employed instead 

 of " milk vein/' no such erroneous meaning would be 

 conveyed. Some regions which are specifically designated 

 cannot be definitely described. No one can determine, for 

 instance, just where the shoulder vein of the steer becomes 

 neck on the one side and shoulder on the other. Some 

 terms with a distinct significance are used loosely and 

 interchangeably. It is the fore quarter of the steer but 

 the fore hand of the horse ; the rump of the cow, the croup 

 of the horse. The appearance of the dairy cow is spare 

 or lean, not thin. The draft horse is compact while the 

 heavy harness horse is closely made, and to say that the 

 latter is compact is to suggest draftiness, a feature which 

 he should not possess. 



It would be as impracticable to drop the objectionable 

 names in common usage as it is unscientific to retain them ; 

 the intelligent husbandman should command them both in 

 order to converse intelligently with either the stockmen 

 whom he must cultivate and from whom he derives 

 much of his inspiration and knowledge of the work, or 

 those students whose instructor he may be. 



The effort has been made, in the preparation of this 

 work, to take the student and stockman a step further 



