PALuEOMANTIS MACROPTERA. 



41 



of the right wing as compared with that of the left being at least 20 mm. The 

 wings are remarkably wide a feature which we usually associate with hind-wings. 



The outer third of each wing is supported by strong and fairly rigid veins, 

 becoming more slender as they pass towards the wing-tip. The inner margins of 

 the wings are more membranous, and were evidently lacking in a rigidity equal to 

 that of the outer margins. 



A little more than the proximal third of the left wing is present and in good 

 preservation. It is 42 mm. long and about the same in width. The impression 

 on the other half of the nodule shows apparently all but the wing-apex. The main 

 stems of the costa, subcosta, radius and median are all stout, and in relief on the 

 wing-surface. The cubital and anal veins are but. half the thickness of the former and 

 lie in shallow grooves. The costal vein forms the outer margin of the wing, which 

 is slightly convex forwards, and slopes gradually into the apex. The subcosta is 



FIG. 7. 



Fia. 8. 



FIG. 7. Palseomantis macroptera, Bolton ; restoration of left wing, with restored outline, natural size. 

 Middle Coal Measures; Eavenhead Eailway Cutting, near St. Helens, Lancashire. Liverpool 



FIG. 8. Palxomantis macroptera, Bolton; restoration of right wing, natural size. Middle Coal 

 Measiires ; Eavenhead Eailway Cutting, near St. Helens, Lancashire. Liverpool Museum. 



separated from the outer margin by a costal area 4 mm. broad. It passes almost 

 in a straight line to the outer edge of the wing-apex, and is joined to the costa by 

 a series of oblique transverse branches nearly parallel with each other. The radius 

 arises close to the base of the subcosta, and diverges a little from it in its course 

 to the apex, forking once just before the broken edge of the wing is reached. The 

 main stem of the radial sector probably arises from the radius close to the base of 

 the latter, but the exact point cannot be determined, owing to the base of the wing 

 being broken away. The radial sector forks three times, and each of the resultant 

 twigs again divides on the wing-apex. The median vein, which is stout basally, 

 divides very low down into two branches, the outer of which has a feeble forking 

 near the inner margin, while the inner branch forks three times. The cubitus is 

 a much weaker vein than its fellows, and divides near its point of origin into two 

 branches. The first branch forks once and the second twice. Seven anal veins 

 are present, all undivided except the third, which forks twice. The interstitial 

 6 



