GENERAL INDEX 



303 



according to : frequency of seed- 

 ing, 112, longevity, 107, mode of 

 growth, 114, mode of nutrition, 

 123, water, 28, 64 



Clay, 82 ; absorptive power, 87 ; 

 origin, 81 ; permeability, 87 ; 

 physical properties of, 82, 90 ; 

 relation to water, 92 ; water- 

 capacity of, 87 ; water- retaining 

 capacity of, 87 



Clayey loam, 82 



Claytonia, 215 



Cleavers, 60, 197. See Galium 

 Aparine 



Cleistogamous fls., fl65, 275 



Clematis Vitalba, 214, 217 ; fr., *195; 

 pollen-flower, 168 ; tendrils, 119 



Cliffs, veg. of, 283 



Climate, 9 ; effect on veg., 15 ; types 

 of, 12 ; relation of soil to, 84 



Climatic factors, 9 ; types of veg., 16 



Climbers, root-, 119; stem-, 114; 

 tendril-, 120 



Climbing habit, evolution of, 120 



Climbing lily. See Gloriosa superba 



Climbing plants, 115 ; habitat of, 

 119; leaf-mosaic, 68; of the 

 hedgerow, 293 ; of woods, 267. 

 See also Cuscuta, 128 



Clouds, effect on climate, 13 



Clover, 20 ; infl., 179 ; root-nodules, 

 95 ; sleep-movement of leaves, 

 70 ; white, insect- visitor, 171, 174. 

 See Trifolium repens 



Cloves, 151 



Clubmoss, *46 



Coal, 83 



Coccus, 190 



Cock's-foot, 217 



Cocoa, 151 



Coco-butter, 148 



Coconut, source of alcohol, 151 ; oil, 

 147, 148 



Coffee, 151 



Colchicum autumnale, 159 



Cold : effect on absorption of water, 

 33 ; effect on pis.. 73 ; effect on 

 formation of humus, 83 



Colonists, 215 



Colonization : of islands, 208 ; of 

 British Isles, 209 ; of Ireland, 214 



Colour-adaptations, in algae, 53 



Colour of young leaves and shoots, 

 73 



Coltsfoot, 62 



Columbine, position of honey, 173 



Colza-oil, 148 



Combustion, 78 



Commons, 271, 296 ; veg. of, 296 



Competition among pis., 4, 55, 203, 



208, 210 



Composite : infl., 181 ; self-pollina- 

 tion in, 177 ; sleep-movements in 



flower- heads, 71 ; unisexual fls., 



176 ; insect- visitors, 170 

 Concrescent type of leaf, *39, 42 

 Condiments, 151 

 Cones of pine, 184 

 Coniferous forest-belt, 22 ; woods, 



250 

 Conifers : pollen, 167 ; seeds, 183 ; 



dispersal of seeds, 196 

 Continental climate, 12, 23 ; islands, 



207 

 Convolvulus : nectaries, *169 ; se- 



pium, climbing plant, 116, * 117, 



insect- visitor, 171 

 Copper-beech, origin of, 205 

 Coppicing : effect on leaf -fall, 109 ; 



on veg. of woods, 268 

 Copses, 268 

 Corallorhiza innata, saprophyte, 124, 



*125 

 Coral-root orchid, 217. See Coral- 



lorhiza 



Cork, 41, 60, 61, 140 

 Corms, 62, 63, 111 ; multiplication 



by, 161 

 Corn-bluebottle, 216 ; -buttercup, 



60 ; -cockle, 216 ; -marigold, 216 ; 



-spurrey, 60 

 Corolla, 162 

 Cortex, *45 

 Corydalis claviculata, evolution of 



tendril, 120 

 Corymb, *179 



Cotton-grass, 217. See Eriophorum 

 Cotton-grass association, 225 

 Cotton-grass (Eriophorum) moor, 



231, 250, 251, 252, 253, 254, 255 

 Cotton-seed oil, 148 

 Cotyledons, storage of food in, 146 

 Couch-grass, 62 ; rhizomes, *110, 



154 



Cow-wheat. See Mdampyrum 

 Cranberry, citric acid in, 143 

 Crane's-bill. See Geranium 

 Cratcegus Oxyacantha, thorns, 140. 



See Hawthorn 



Creeping Jenny, 156 ; stems, 156 

 Crithmum maritimum, 59 

 Crocus, 62, 115, 215 ; structure of 



corm, *158 ; autumn- (see Col- 

 chicum autumnale) 



