tapering above, and having a few narrow longitudinal ribs, 

 which increase in depth upward; laid in large clusters. Cater- 

 pillars when mature, cylindrical, with longitudinal rows of 

 branching spines. Feeding upon elms, willows, and poplars. 

 Chrysalis not unlike that of Grapta. 



The genus is restricted to the north temperate zone and the 

 colder mountain regions of subtropical lands. The butterflies 

 hibernate, and are among the first to be seen in the springtime. 



(1) Vanessa antiopa (Linnaeus), Plate XXX, 9 (The Mourn- 

 ing Cloak; The Camberwell Beauty). 



This familiar insect needs no description. It occurs every- 

 where in the north temperate zone. Eggs laid in large masses 

 on willows, poplars, and elms. There are two broods in the 

 Middle States, the second hibernating under eaves and in 

 hollow trees. Expanse 2.75-3.25 inches. 



There is a rare variety of this insect in which the yellow 

 border becomes broad, reaching the middle of the wings. 

 Only two or three such "sports" are known, one in the posses- 

 sion of the author. There are some collectors who set great 

 store by such "freaks" or "aberrations," as they are called. 



PL. XXX 



97 



