ANTHROPOLOGY 201 



hood during the war of 1914-18. The Association, 

 from the beginning of the present century, has taken 

 an active part in the organisation of anthropological 

 teaching. Special researches which have been main- 

 tained wholly or in part for long periods include the 

 study of the north-west tribes of Canada (1886-98) 

 followed by the ethnographical survey of Canada 

 (1898-1909), which, as will be seen in the following 

 chapter, resulted in the transference of the work to 

 the Dominion Government. The famous explora- 

 tions in Crete (at Knossos) which revealed the early 

 Mediterranean civilisation centred in that island, 

 were assisted by the Association for a considerable 

 period (1901-9) ; at home, the exploration of the 

 ancient lake- village at Glastonbury may be mentioned 

 in the same category. Among important enterprises 

 which the Association has assisted in early stages 

 the Palestine Exploration Fund is an example : the 

 Association made grants to this fund down to 1875, 

 at which time, it may be recalled, the late Lord 

 Kitchener was engaged upon the survey. Other 

 examples are provided by the work of the anthro- 

 pological expedition to Torres Straits (northern 

 Queensland and New Guinea, 1898), of which the 

 results were published in a series of memoirs by the 

 University of Cambridge ; by the anthropometric 

 study of Egyptian soldiers in 1902-5, which led to 

 an ethnographical survey of the Anglo-Egyptian 

 Sudan by the Sudan Government ; and by some of 

 the earlier excavations on Roman sites in Britain 

 (atUriconium in 1861 and at Silchester in 1897-1901). 

 The special object of this last committee, since 1897, 

 was to ensure that excavators trained in archaeology 

 should not neglect the relics of early man and of 

 ancient animals and plants which they encountered. 



