APPENDIX II 303 



Persian Gulf, '1829-32 ; exploration of Euphrates route to 

 India (with Chesney), 1884-37 ; service in second Burmese 

 War, 1851-53 ; C.B., 1853. 



MAcCuLLAGH, James (1809-47), professor of mathe- 

 matics, Trinity Coll., Dublin Univ., 1836 ; professor of 

 natural philosophy, Dublin Univ., 1843. 



MANTELL, Gideon Algernon (1790-1852), F.E.S., sur- 

 geon. Geological researches and publications. 



MARKHAM, Sir Clements Eobert (1830-1916), F.E.S. ; 

 K.C.B., 1896 ; Arctic expedition, 1850-51 ; assistant secre- 

 tary, India Office, 1867-77 ; president, International 

 Geographical Congress, 1894-99 ; president, Eoyal Geo- 

 graphical Soc., 1893-1905. 



MATTEUCCI, Carlo (1811-68), professor of physics, 

 Bologna Univ., 1832 ; do., Eavenna Univ., 1837 ; do., 

 Pisa Univ., 1840 ; Senator, 1860 ; Minister of Public Instruc- 

 tion, 1862. Eesearches in electricity. 



MATTHIESSEN, Augustus (1831-70), F.E.S. , chemist and 

 physicist ; lecturer on chemistry, St. Mary's Hospital, 

 London, 1862-68 ; do., St. Bartholomew's Hospital, 1868. 

 Chemical research on constitution of alloys, etc. 



MAURY, Matthew Fontaine (1806-73), American naval 

 officer ; in charge of depot of charts and instruments, 1841, 

 from which developed U.S. naval observatory and hydro- 

 graphic office ; set on foot international system of oceanic 

 meteorological observation ; published Physical Geography 

 of the Sea, 1855 ; supported South in American Civil War, 

 1861 ; in service of Emperor of Mexico as emigration 

 commissioner, 1865 ; professor of meteorology, Virginia 

 Military Institute, 1868. 



MAXIM, Sir Hiram Stevens (1840-1916), F.E.S., born in 

 U.S.A., came to England, 1881 ; inventor ; maxim gun 

 adopted by British Army, 1889, Navy, 1892 ; experiments 

 in flying begun, 1889 ; first aeroplane trials, 1894 ; Kt. 1901. 



MAXWELL, James Clerk (1831-79), F.E.S., professor 

 of natural philosophy, Aberdeen, 1856-60 ; do., King's 

 Coll., London, 1860-65 ; Cavendish professor of experi- 

 mental physics, Cambridge, 1871-79. Principal researches 



