540 



RUMINANTIA. 



for, not only do the follicles extend to the 

 ileo-colic opening, but the intervening upper 

 lip of the circular valve is likewise glandular. 

 A few of the cavities are subdivided by se- 

 condary lamellae, but generally speaking these 

 are not very prominent. The larger folds, 

 which contain muscular fibres of the non- 

 voluntary kind, are extremely thin, trans- 

 parent and extensile, so that the amount of 

 secreting tissue is much greater than is at 

 first sight apparent ; in one example, to the 

 left of the figure, the orifice of the saccule is 



much contracted, while the cavity on the other 

 hand is particularly capacious. Altogether, 

 without taking into consideration the lami- 

 nated foldings, the follicles within the colon 

 cover a space equal to about two square 

 inches. We were unable to determine the 

 length of the other division of the patch 

 proper to the ileum, the intestine having been 

 cut across too near the valve; its longitu- 

 dinal extension may have been five or six 

 inches ; transversely, it occupied nearly the 

 whole calibre of the tube. 



Fig. 363. 



Sacculated compound gland in connection ivith the ileo-colic valve of the Giraffe. Natural size. (Original.) 



The liver is exceedingly simple, of small 

 size, and wedge-shaped ; it is thick at the 

 anterior and right borders, and very thin at 

 the lower or posterior margin. The lateral 

 lobes are only indicated by a slight fissure at 

 the entrance of the suspensory ligament, di- 

 viding the gland into two unequal halves, 

 that of the right being paramount and fre- 

 quently developing a minute lobular append- 

 age posteriorly. In the Giraffe it is elongated, 

 compressed, and slightly cleft, so as to indicate 

 a bilobular tendency : on the under surface 

 there is an elevation corresponding to the 



lobus spigelii, the outer edge of which is 

 particularly conspicuous. The entire gland in 

 the Edinburgh specimen weighed only five 

 pounds and six ounces, and measured in the 

 long diameter sixteen inches nine trans- 

 versely, and but two and a half in thickness. 

 The Camels have the under surface and in- 

 ferior border characterised by a multitude of 

 polygonal lobules, which are minute and 

 varying in size, but circumscribed by rather 

 deep grooves. This family, in common with 

 the Cervidae proper, is further distinguished 

 by the absence of a gall-bladder, whereas the 



