UTERUS (ABNORMAL ANATOMT). 



5 



body tbe walls may not exceed in thickness 

 or de:,/-: ;> those of tbt urinarj bladder. S..; 1 : 

 a Dowfidoa .,;. KSCQT . oder dilatation ; tbe 

 > ":;-.-:.,;:. however 15 more com- 

 h :.:. increase in At Aiek- 

 parietes. The atrophy of 

 tbe uterine walls which is accompanied by 

 of tbe cavity, is distinguished as 

 and that which occurs in 



may be combined 

 , of its canal, and is often 

 sition or morbid 

 line body or its appendages. 



i> of far more frequent oc- 

 B atrophy. According as 

 dae entire uterus or only 

 of its parts, the organ either presents 

 figure but upon a larger scale, or 

 dbe a greater preponderance is given to one 

 that the uterus becomes malformed. 

 Hv>.rf; ::,;> ; ' the entire uterus commonly 

 results trout frequent pregnancy, from the 



_- ... f : ; t " Durs, ;-r from accun tioi oi 



kid within the cavity. In the latter cases 

 tbe uterine walls may acquire the same thick- 

 ness as in pregnancy and the hypertrophy 

 also to the same cause, viz. to a deve- 

 of smooth muscular fibre, such as 

 takes place in the gravid uterus. 

 Hypertrophy of the cervix is most fre- 

 quently observed in extreme prolapsus, of 

 which" in the chronic stage it appears to 

 :>: :-. constant sequence, Hi-r the hyper- 

 laces usually a uniform enlarge- 

 both lips, which form together "an 

 annular tumour divided transversely by a wide 

 os taacae.. fa. 472. 



Pig. 47 



But tbe cervix may become hypertrophied 

 in tbe longitudinal direction also. From this 

 there results a remarkable elongation of tbe 

 uterine neck, which may protrude to a con- 

 siderable distance beyond the vulva without a 

 corresponding degree of displacement or de- 

 scent of the body of the uterus. In the ac- 

 companying illustration, j%. 473., the manner 

 of growth of the elongated cervix is shown. 

 The body of the organ being only partially 

 displaced, a gradual addition to the length oJ[ 



J%. 473. 





Elongation rf the cervix vteri from longitudinal hy- 

 pertrophy. (Ad JTat) 



f, ftradus; io, internal os uteri; cc, cervix; TO, 

 vaginal walls. 



the neck occurs until the vaginal portion pro- 

 trudes at the vulva. The canal of the cervix 

 may now measure several inches in length. By 

 degrees the protruded part undergoes in addi- 

 tion the concentric and excentric hypertrophy 

 which is common to all cases of procidentia, 

 and the lips gradually acquire the same ap- 

 pearance as in^/zg. 472. 



Among tbe anomalies of size may also be 

 included those examples of imperfect involu- 

 tion of the uterus after pregnancy, in which 

 tbe organ retains for several months the or- 

 dinary size characteristic of it shortly after 

 labour. 



Pathological conditions of the separate tissues 

 ofthe uterus. Reserving for future notice the 

 affections of the gravid uterus, those morbid 

 states which are observed in the unimpreg- 

 nated organ will be at present considered. 

 These may be divided into such as belong to 

 (1) the peritoneum; (2) tbe subperitoueal 

 tissue; (3) the parenchyma; and (4) tbe 

 mucous lining of the uterus. 



1. Pathological conditions of the peritoneal 

 coat. 



a. The external position of the peritoneal 

 coat, and tbe small amount which it con- 

 tributes to the bulk of the uterus, combine to 



