834- 



GENERAL INDEX, 



Oxygen, respiration of, in animals, i. 133. 257, 258. 



quantity of, abstracted from the atmosphere by respi- 



ration, iv. 326, 327. 354. 

 weight of oxygen gas in the atmosphere upon every 



part of the" earth's surface, iv. 327. 

 OxytrichinidtE (hackle animalcules), a family of Polygastric 



animals, iv. 5. 



characters of the family, iv. 5. 

 Oxyuri,ii. 113. 



Oysters, nervous system of, iii. 604. See CONCHIKUKA. 

 Oztena, iii. 739. 



Paca (Cavia Paca), anatomy of the, iv. 372, ct seq. 

 Pacchioniun bodies, iii. 629. 631. 691. 

 description of them, iii. 644. 

 are they natural structures ? iii. 645. 

 glands, i. 729. 735; iii, 629. 631. 614. 645. 

 fossae, i. 729. 735. 



PACHYDERMATA, an order of Mammalia, iii. 858. 

 enumeration of genera, iii. b59. 

 osseous system, iii. 859. 

 cranium, iii. 859. 



occipital bone, iii. 859. 

 parietal bones, iii. 860. 

 frontal bones, iii. 8&0. 

 ethmoid, iii. 860. 

 sphenoid, iii. 861. 

 ribs and sternum, iii. 861. 

 anterior extremities, iii. 862. 

 scapula, iii. 862. 

 clavicle, iii. 862. 

 humerus, iii. 862. 

 radius and ulna, iii. 362. 

 carpus, iii. 863. 

 metacarpus, iii. 163. 

 phalanges, iii. 863. 

 posterior extremities, iii. 864. 

 pelvis, iii. 864. 

 lemur, iii. 864. 

 tarsus, iii. 864. 

 metatarsus, iii. 864. 

 phalanges, iii. 864. 

 teeth, iii. 865. 



of SuidiE, iii. 865. 

 Choiropotamidae, iii. 865. 

 Hippopotamidae, iii. 866. 

 Toxodon, Elasmothenuin, iii. 8G6. 

 Rhinocerotidse, iii. 866. 

 Dinotherium, iii. 867. 

 Proboscidia, Elephant, iii. 867. 

 digestive system, iii. 871 ; s. 303. 



stomach and intestines, liver, iii. 871, 872. 

 spleen, iii. 871. 

 salivary glands, iii. 872. 

 os hyoides, iii. 872. 



circulatory and respiratory system, iii. 872. 

 thymus gland, iv. 1097. 

 urinary organs, iii. 873. 

 generative organs, iii. 873. 

 male, iii. 673. 

 female, iii. 8/3. 

 pelvis, s. 155. 



Weberian organ of, iv. 1419. 

 nervous system, iii. 874. 

 brain, iii. 874. 



special senses, iii. 874. 

 touch, iii. 874. 

 snout, iii. 874. 



proboscis of the elephant, iii. 875. 

 smell, iii. 875. 



frontal, maxillary, and sphenoidal si- 



nuses, iii. 875-6. 

 eye, iii. 876. 



ligamentum nuchae, iii. 876. 

 organs and mode of locomotion, iii. 454. 

 PACINIAN Horn us, iii. 876 ; s. 504. 

 general description, in. 876. 

 stalk, iii. 878. 



channel for the stalk, iii. 878. 

 capsules, iii. 78. 

 ariery, iii. 878. 

 central cavity, iii. 878. 

 nerve tube, iii. 879. 

 function, or use, iii. 879. 

 comparison with the electrical organs of the torpedo, 



iii. 879 



Ptepha!>omys, anatomy of the, iv. 376, et seq. 

 Pagurus (hermit-crab;, nervous system ot tne, iii. 613. 

 Palceotherium, anatomy of the. See PACHVDEKMATA. 

 Palate, hard, iii. 950. See Palatine arch. 

 soft, iii. 952. See Palatine arch. 



abnormal state of the, connexion between paraly- 



sis of the portio dura and, iv. 553. 

 Palate bones, ii. 210. 

 borders, ii. 210. 



anterior, ii. 210. 

 infi-rior, ii. 211. 

 interior, ii. 210. 

 superior, ii. 211. 



Palate continued. 



connexions, ii. 211. 

 development, ii. 211. 

 structure, ii. 211. 

 Palatine arch, and gums, iii. 950. 

 gums, iii. 951. 

 velum, palati, iii. 951. 

 muscles of, iii. 951. 

 glands of the soft palate, iii. 952. 

 tonsils or amygdalae, iii. 952. 

 See also PHARYNX. AND MOUTH. 

 Palatine artery, anterior, iii. 733. 

 superior, i. 490. 



inferior, i. 486; ii. 556 ; iii. 949. 

 bone, i. 728 ; ii. 210 ; iii. 725. 

 canal, anterior, ii. 203. 

 glands, iv. 426. 

 hiatus, i.727- 

 holes, accessory, ii. 210. 

 nerves, ii. 286; iii. 951. 

 great, ii. 286. 

 lesser, ii. 28f>. 

 middle palatine, ii. 286. 

 posterior palatine, ii. 287. 

 process, or plate, ii. 208. 210. 

 veins, iv. 1404. 

 Palato-g\ossus muscle, iii. 952 ; iv. 1121. 11S2. 



relations and action, iii. 952 ; iv. 1133. 

 Pa/a/fo-pharyngeus muscle, ii. 947. 952 ; iv. 1121. 



relations and action, iii. 952. 

 Prt/afo-staphylinus muscle, iii. 952. 

 Palm-cats, dentition of the, iv. 911. 

 Palmar arch of veins, superficial, iv. 1407. 



deep, iv. 1407- 



cutaneous nerves, ii. 524 ; iv. 757. 

 fascia, ii. 525. 



disease of the, ii, 517. 525. 

 ligaments. See Ligaments. 

 Palmaris brevis muscle, ii. 520. 



relations and uses, ii. 520. 

 longus muscle, ii. 264. 367. 

 Palmellece, mode of reproduction of the, s. 20. 

 Palmoglea macrococca, mode of reproduction of. s. 220. 

 Palpebrce. See Eyelids. 

 Palpebral, or tarsal, arches, iii. 93. 

 arteries, i. 492 ; iii. 786. 

 inferior, i, 492 ; iii. 93. 

 superior, i. 492; iii. 93. 

 conjunctiva, iii. 83. See Conjunctiva. 

 fascia, 227- 



fissure, or rima palpebrarum, iii. 79. 

 ligaments, external, iii. 81. 

 internal, iii. 81. 

 nerve, ii. 280. 289. 

 external, ii. 289- 

 internal, inferior, ii. 289. 

 Palpebrarum orbicularis, ii. 211. 

 Palpi as special organs of touch, iv. 1167. 

 Palpitation of the heart, cause of, i. 416. 

 Paludicella, ova of, development of, s. [127], [128]. 

 Pampiniform ducts, iv. 982. 

 PANCREAS, i. 127 ; ii. 20; iii. 483. 943 ; s. 81. 

 definition, s. 81. 

 I. Human anatomy, s. 81. 

 situation, s. 81. 

 relations, s. 81. 

 shape, s. 82. 



right extremity or head, s. 83. 

 left extremity, s. 8:3. 

 upper border, s. 82. 

 lower border, s. 83. 

 anterior surface, s. 83. 

 posterior surface, s. 83. 

 size and weight, s. 83. 

 general appearance, s. 84. 

 internal structure, s. 84. 



duct of the pancreas, s. 8t. 

 vessels, s. 86. 



arteries, s. 86. 



lymphatic vessels, iii. 26; s. 86. 

 nerves, s. 86. 



II. Microscopic anatomy, s. 86. 

 gland substance, s. 86. 



a., the basement or limitary membrane, s. 87. 

 (3. epithelium, s. 88. 



y. occasional appearance of a central cavity in 

 each follicle, the epithel um lining it in a 

 single columnal-looking layer, and leaving 

 a central space unoccupied, s. 89. 

 duct, s. 89. 

 capillaries, s. 90. 



III. Comparative anatomy, s. 90. 

 Invertebrata, s. 90. 

 Gasteropoda, s. 90. 

 Cephalopoda, s. 90. 

 Vertebrata Fishes, iii. 982 ; s. 91. 

 pyloric appendages, s. 91. 

 Reptilia, s. 94. 



Batrachia, s. 91. 

 Ophidia, s. 95. 

 Sauria, s. <J5. 

 Chelonia, s. 95. 



