GENERAL INDEX. 



841 



PISCES continued. 

 oesophagus, iii. 981. 

 stomach, iii. 981. 



pyloric appendages, s. 91. 

 intestinal canal, iii. 981. 

 salivary glands, iii. 982. 

 pancreas, iii. 982. 

 liver, iii. 175. 982. 

 renal organs, iv. 232. 

 spleen.iii. 983. 

 lymphatic system, iii. 983. 

 organs of respiration, iii. 985. 

 in Osseous Fishes, iii, 985. 

 in Lophobranchii, iii. 986. 

 in Sturionidae, iii. 986. 



in Flagiostome Cartilaginous Fishes, iii. 986 

 in Cyclostomata, iii. 987. 

 in Branch iostoma, iii. i>88, 

 hyoid apparatus, iii. 988. 

 branchial cavity, iii. 988. 

 circulatory system, i. 616 ; iii, 9o8. 

 heart, iii. 988. 



bulbus arteriosus and branchial artery, iii. 989. 

 vascular system, iii. 989. 



branchial and systemic arterial vessel*, iii. 



989. 



systemic veins, iii. 990. 

 organs of respiration of fishes, s. 281. 286. 

 air-bladder, s. 281. 



formation and uses of, iii. 43fi. 

 mucous membrane and vascular system of, 8. 287- 

 thyroid gland in, iv. 1109. 

 respiratory movements of fishes, iv. 1019. 

 (respiratory and circulatory apparatus in Lepi- 



dosiren,) iii. 990. 

 portal system of veins, iii. 992. 

 lateral system of vessels, iii. 992. 

 nervous system, iii. 614. 992 

 brain of fishes, iii. 616. 992. 



weight of the brain compared with that of the 



body, iii. 618. 

 olfactory tubercles, or first cerebral mass, 



iii. 618. 



optic lobes, or second cerebral mass. iii. 

 619. 



cerebellum, or third cerebral mass, iii. 619. 

 optic nerves of fishes, iii. 764. 



Caseous Fishes, chiasma of the optic nenres in, 



iii. 769. 

 Cartilaginous Fishes, chiasma of the optic 



nerves in, iii. 769. 

 nerves, iii. 994. 



olfactory, iii. 699. 904. 

 optic, iii. 995. 

 third pair, iii. 995. 

 fourth pair, iii. 995. 

 sixth pair, iii. 996. 

 seventh pair, iii. 996. 

 eighth pair, iii. 996. 

 ninth pair, iii. 722. 996. 

 second pair of spinal nerves, iii. 996. 

 sympathetic system, iii. 997. 

 nervous system of Brancliiostoma, iii. 998. 

 senses, iii. 998. 



smell, iii. 998; iv. 699. 

 eye, iii. 999. 



sclerotic coat, iii. 999. 

 memhrana argentea, iii. 999. 

 iris, iii. 999. 

 choroid, iii. 999. 

 choroid gland, ii. 205 ; iii. 1000. 

 optic nerve, iii. 1000. 



falciform ligament or marsupium, iii. 1000. 

 aqueous humour, iii. 1001. 

 crystalline lens, iii. 1001. 

 vitreous humour, iii. 1001. 

 muscles of the eyeball, iii. 1001. 

 eyelids, iii. 95. 1002. 

 auditory apparatus, ii. 536; iii. 1002. 

 in Petromyzon, iii. 1(X)2. 

 in Osseous" Fishes, iii. 1003. 



membranous vestibule, iii. 1003. 

 sac of the otolithe, iii. 1003. 

 otolithes, iii. 1004. 

 semicircular canals, iii. 1004. 

 auditory nerves, iii. 10<J5. 

 ear of Plagiostome Cartilaginous Fishes, iii. 



1005. 



generative system, ii. 418 ; iii. 1005 ; s. 55. 

 in Cyclostomata, iii. 1006. 

 in Osseous Fishes, iii. 1006. 

 in Plagiostome Cartilaginous Fishes, iii. 1007. 

 male, iii. 1007. 

 female, iii, 1008. 

 in Syngnathidaj, iii. 1010. 

 ova of Osseous Fishes, s. [98]. 



structure of the ovarian ova, s. [98]. 

 yolk substance, s. [99]. 

 germinal vesicle, s. [99]. 



Supp. 



membranes, 8. [99]. 

 micropyle, s. [101] 103]. 

 development, s. [103], [104]. 



PISCES continued. 



external forms of ova of Cartilaginous Fishes, s. 51. 

 spermatozoa in fishes, iv. 483. 

 urinary apparatus, iii. 1011. 

 renal capsules, iii. 1011. 

 animal heat of fishes, ii. 649. 

 periodical migration, iii. 13. 



the migration of the cod, mackarel, thunny, her- 



ring, salmon, &c., iii. 13. 

 luminousness of fishes, iii. 198. 

 dormant vitality of, iii. 157. 

 Piscicola, ovum of, 8. 117. 

 Pisiform bone. ii. 505. 



articulations of the, ii. 508. 

 Pitch of the human voice, iv. 1475. 1485. 

 Pitheda, a genus of Quadrumana, iv. 211 , et seq. See QUA- 



DRLMANA. 



characters of the genus, iv. 211. 

 Pituitary body, iii. 703. 

 colour, hi. 703. 

 earthy concretions, iii, 703. 

 position and connexions, iii. 703. 

 size and weight, iii. 70S. 

 structure, iii. 703. 

 fossa, i. 726. 



membrane, iii. 730; iv. 698. 

 or anterior, surface of nasal bone, ii. 212. 

 process, iii. 673. 703. 

 Placenta, ii. 424; s. 715. 

 normal anatomy, s. 715. 

 form, s. 715. 



dimensions and weight, s. 715. 

 foetal surface ; amnion ; chorion ; foetal blood- 

 vessels, s. 715. 

 uterine surface, s. 716. 

 circumference, s. 716. 

 substance, s. 717. 

 tufts and rilli, s. 717. 

 terminations of the foetal vessels, s. 718. 

 decidua, s. 718. 



terminations of the maternal vessels, s. 719. 

 development of the placenta, ii. 455 ; s. 719. 

 of the foetal portion, s. 719. 

 of the maternal portion, s. 720. 

 functions of the placenta, s. 721. 

 congenital abnormal conditions, iv. 946. 



separation of the placenta into lobes or cotyledons, 



iv. 946. 

 Plagiostoma, a family of Fishes, iii. 956, et scq. 



characters of the family, iii. 956. 

 Plague, syncope induced by, i. 797. 

 Ptanaria, a genus of Entozoa of Miiller, ii. 116. See 



ENTOZOA ; Sterelmintha. 

 lactea, a species of parasite, ii. 128. 130. 

 PlanaritE, a genus of parasites, ii. 128. 133. 



ovum of, s. [119]. 

 Planes of the ischia, s. 127. 



Planta pedis, or sole of the foot, ii. 339. See FOOT. 

 Plantar arch, ii. 365. 



artery, external, ii. 355. 

 internal, ii. 355. 

 fascia, ii. 354. 

 ligament of tarsus, ii. 343. 

 muscle, iii. 132, 133. 139. 

 action, iii. 139. 

 nerve for the, iv. 62. 769. 

 nerve, internal, iv. 770. 



branches, iv. 770, 771. 

 external, iv. 771. 



branches, iv. 771. 

 region of the foot, ii. 353. 



sensibility of the integuments of, ii. 354. 

 muscles of the, ii. 358. 

 veins, ii. 355. 



deep, external, iv. 1411. 

 internal, iv. 1411. 

 Plants, respiration of, iv. 328. 



cellular, type of the process of nutrition in, iii. 742. 

 sleep of, iv. 678. 



sleep of leaves, iv. 678. 



of flowers, iv. 678. 

 symmetry of, iv. 852. 

 table of the analogies in the development of the 



different classes ot plants, s. i?55. 

 Plastrttm, dense, of the turtle, uses of the, iii. 450. 



sternal, of Crustacea, i. 757. 

 Platypus anatinus, or Ornithorhynchus paradoxu?, which 



see. 



See MONOTRBMATA. 

 Platysma myoides muscle, i. 4R3 : ii. 226. 851, 852 ; iii. 566. 



action and relations, iii. 566. 

 Plectognathi, an order of Fishes, iii. 957. 



characters of the order, iii. 957. 

 Plethora, causes and effects of, i. 416. 



periodical in women. See Menstruation. 

 PLEURA, iv. 1. 522, 523. 816. 

 mediastinum, iv. 1. 

 ligamentum latum pulmonis, iv. 2. 

 pleura pulmonalis, iv. 2. 1035 ; *. 258. 

 costalis, iv. 2. 1035. 

 diaphragmatica, iv. 2. 

 parietahs, s. 258. 



3 I 



