870 



GENERAL INDEX. 



Taste, organs of, in various animals. See under their 



headings. 



Tam-in, or gallenasparagin, in ox-gall, i. 375. 

 Tea, as an article of diet, ii. 14 ; s. 306. 

 chemical constituents of, s. 390. 

 effects of, on the system, s. 396. 

 Tears, iii. 9<t. 



chemical composition of, iii. 90. 



passages by which the tears are drawn off into the 



nose, iii. 90, 91. 



suppression of tears in intense grief, iv. 4H6. 

 flow of tears, an indication of moderated sorrow, iv. 



4G6. 



See LACHRYMAL ORGANS. 

 Tectibrnnchiata, ii. 378. 

 See GASTEROPODA. 

 Teeth, in infancy, i. 68. 



dental nerve, anterior superior, ii. 289. 

 posterior superior, ii. 289. 



uses of the teeth in digestion, ii. 8. See DIGESTION. 

 premature development of, 

 tartar deposited on the teeth, odontoliths, or salivary 



calculi, iv. 83. 419. 

 analyses of, iv. 419. 

 deep grey or blackish, iv. 83. 

 yellowish, iv. 83. 



microscopical corpuscles on teeth, iv. 83. 

 adventitious production of, iv. 142. 

 causes of the sensations felt in the teeth from grating 



sounds, iv. 853. 



TKETH (in comparative anatomy), iv. 8G4. 

 definition, iv. 8f>4. 



tissues of which true teeth consist, iv. 8G4. 

 dentine, iv. 864, 865. 

 cement (casmentum, crusta petrosa), iv. 8G4, 



865. 



enamel (encnustum, adamas), iv. 865. 

 characteristic examples of the above-defined tis- 

 sues, and their different combinations in dif- 

 ferent teeth, iv. 865. 

 dental system of Fishes, iv. 873. 

 number, iv. 873. 

 form, iv. 873. 

 situation, iv. 873. 

 substance of the teeth, iv. 877.' 

 development of the teeth of Fishes, iv. 880. 

 dental system of Reptiles, iv. 882. 

 number, iv. 883. 

 situation, iv. 883. 

 form, iv. 883. 

 attachment, iv. 883. 

 substance, iv. 884. 

 structure, iv. 884. 

 development, iv. X8">. 

 batrachian modifications, iv. 885. 

 poisonous serpents, iv. 887. 



poison-fangs and glands, iv. 887, 88S. 

 Saurians, iv. 889. 



scincoid lizards, iv. 891. 

 iguanas, iv.^892. 

 Varanians, iv. 894. 

 Thecodonts, iv. 894. 

 Knaliosaurs, iv. 895. 

 Crocodilia, iv. 895. 



development, iv. 896. 

 dental system of Mammalia, iv. 898. 



deciduous and permanent teeth of a child six 



years of age, iv. 817. 

 of other Mammalia, iv. 818, el seq. 

 tusks of the elephant, &c., iv. 9'24, ct seq. 

 Teeth of Carnivora, i. 478. See CARNIVORA. 

 of chimpanzee, iv. 917. 

 elephant, iv. 924. 



Insectivora, iii. 1000. See INSECTIVORA. 

 kangaroo, iv. 933, 934. 

 Pachydermata, 865. 

 Rodentia, iv. 382. 

 Ruminantia, s. 532. 

 the horse, iv. 732. 

 Amphibia, i. 95. 

 Reptilia, iv. 287. 

 Rotifera, iv. 412. 

 Tcgenaria domcstica (house spider). See ARACHNIDA; 



Araneidce. 



Tenumentary membranes. See Mucous MEMBRANE. 

 TEGUMENTARY ORGANS, s. 47.1 



1. what constitutes a tegumentnry organ as distin- 

 guished from ny other, s. 474. 

 2. morphology of the integuments, s. 476. 

 nails, s. 477. 

 claws, s. 477. 

 (hoofs, s. 477. 

 horns, s. 478. 516. 

 glands, s.478. 

 hairs, ii. 227 ; s. 478. 

 the porcupine's "quill," s. 478. 

 feathers, s. 479. 

 scales of fishes, s. 480. 

 3. histology of the tegumentary organs, s. 484. 



1. hydroid and actinoid polypes, s. 4*4. 



2. integument of the Annulosa, including the 



Worms and Echmoderms, s. 485. 



TEGUMEXTARY ORGANS, histology continued. 



3. integument of the Mollusca, including the 



Ascidians and Polyzoa, s. 4s8. 



excretionary integument of the Mollusca, s. 

 488. 



the membranous shell substance of Dr. Car- 

 penter, s. 489. 



conversionary integument of the Mollusca 

 containing cellulose, s. 493. 



4. integument of the Vertebrata, s. 495. 



conversionary horny organs, s. 495. 

 structure of hairs, spines, and feathers, s. 496. 

 composition of the shaft of a hair, s. 496. 

 cuticle, s. 496. 

 cortical tissue, s. 496. 

 medullary substance, s. 497. 

 hair sac, "s. 497. 



outer root-sheath, s. 497. 

 fenestrated inner root-sheath, s. 



497. 



im perforate root-sheath, s. 497. 

 spines and feathers, s. 498. 

 the shaft, s. 498. 

 the quill, s. 499. 

 tegumentary glands, s. 499. 

 sudoriparous glands, s. 500. 

 scales of fishes, s. 501. 

 structure of the enderon, s. 5^2. 

 pigment of the enderon, s 502. 

 papilla? of the enderon, s. 503. 

 sensory appendages of the enderon, s. 503. 

 the corpuscula tactus, s. 5( 3. 

 Panician bodies [see also the article 



PANICIAN BODIES], s. 504. 

 muscles of the enderon, s. 505. 

 calcareous deposits in the enderon, s. 506. 

 muscles used in the tegumentary system, iii. 543. 

 Tegumentary organs of Edentata, ii. 54. See EDENTATA. 

 of Insectivora, ii. 1004. See INSECTIVOKA. 

 Reptilia, iv. 324. 

 Amphibia, i. 102. 

 Birds, i. 319. See AVFS. 

 Fishes, iii. 968. 

 Insects, ii. 993. See INSECTS. 



of the Arachnida, i. 201. 

 Crustacea, i. 752. 



Gasteropoda, ii. 379. See GASTEROPODA. 

 F.chinodermata, ii. 31. 

 Entozoa, ii. 125. 

 Tunicata, iv. 1193. 

 Rotifera, iv. 409. 



Tegumentary system of tongue, iv. 1135. 

 cutis, iv. 1135. 



basement membrane, iv. 1135. 

 epithelium, iv. 1135. 



papillary structure of the tongue, iv. 113G. 

 different papilla?, iv. 1136-1139. 

 structure, iv. 1139. 

 functions, iv. 1140. 



Tcla elastica, ii 265. See FIBROUS TISSUE. 

 TEMPERAMENT, iv. 935. 

 definition, iv. 935. 

 Galen's doctrine of the four humours of the blood, 



bilis, sanguis, atrabilis, et phlegma, Jv. 935. 

 sanguine temperament, iv. 936. 

 melancholic, iv. 936. 

 phlegmatic and choleric, iv. 938. 

 nervous temperament, iv. 936. 

 Temperature of the air, effect of, in producing hibernation, 



ii.765. 



influence of climate on animal luminousness,iii,199. 

 effects of temperature on the quantity of carbonic 



acid gas in the expired air, iv. 348. 

 animal. See HEAT, ANIMAL. 

 sense of. See TOUCH. 

 Temples, i. 725. 

 Temporal aponeurosis, i. 729. 

 Temporal artery, i. 488 ; ii. 227. 556. 

 anterior, i. 488 ; iii. 93. 

 deep, i. 748. 



anterior deep, i.489. 

 posterior deep, i. 489. 

 middle, i. 488. 

 posterior, i. 488. 

 superficial, i. 748. 

 bone, i. 733. 



connexions, i. 735. 

 development, i. 735 

 mastoid portion, i. 734. 

 petrous portion, i. 733. 

 squamous portion, i. 734. 

 fascia, i. 749. 

 fossa, i. 727. 729. 734. 738. 

 line, i. 729. 735. 

 muscle, i. 729. 734. 749. 

 nerve, deep, i. 749 ; iii. 787 ; iv. 547 

 branch of lachrymal nerve, ii. 283. 

 external, ii. 284. 

 superficial, ii. 293 ; iii 903. 

 auricular branch, iii. 903. 

 deep, ii. 291. 

 superior, ii. 555. 



