1488 



VOICE. 



and S. Inuus *, two sacs. Laryngeal aperture 

 situated at the base of the epiglottis, oval or 

 circular. Voice acute ; quality hoarse : cause, 

 laryngeal sacs. 



Fig. 895. 



Larynx of S. Cercopithecus. 



A. a, epiglottis ; b, os hyoides ; c, sac ; e, trachea. 

 B. /, cavity of the os hyoides. 



Albino Baboon. Os hyoides : base, b 

 (Jig. 896.) excavated, inclosing a sac, c; 

 Larynx : H. '75 in. ; Thyroid : upper margin 

 concave, lower irregular ; Cricoid : a vertical 



Fig. 896. 



Larynx of an Albino Baboon. 

 I, section of the os hyoides, showing the inclosed 

 sac c ; d, thyroid ; /, crico-thyroid space ; e, trachea. 



ridge rising from the posterior surface, the 



cartilage tapering towards the anterior surface 



* Ludwig. 



which is very narrow; Crico-thyroid space: 

 large ; Epiglottis : apex obtuse. 



In the monkeys of America, some species 

 have sacs appended to the larynx, the most 

 complicated form of which is observed in 



Simla Seniculus, or Red Howling Monkey. 

 Os hyoides, base excavated ; opening quad- 

 rangular. Thyroid, volume three times that 

 of man.* Cricoid elliptical, nearly osseous. 

 Pomum large and excavated, into which pris- 

 matico-oval sacs open ; sacs also communi- 

 cating with the larynx by a semilunar open- 

 ing at the base of the epiglottis. Arytenoids 

 small. Cuneiform absent; instead of them, 

 prominence, f Vocal ligaments : superior im- 

 bedded in tendino -cartilaginous masses j ; in- 

 ferior inserted at base of pomum. Ventricles 

 passing on each side of epiglottis, which is 

 connected with an infundibuliform sac, po- 

 mum, and oval pharyngo-laryngeal sacs.$ 

 Voice intense ; howl discordant. 



S. Appella and S. Capucina. Os hyoides 

 not excavated. Thyroid, cricoid, and aryte- 

 noid, like man. Cart. Santorini large, and 

 curved backwards. Cuneiform absent ; their 

 place supplied by fatty tendino-cartilaginous 

 masses meeting each other to form a channel 

 for the passage of air : in shape like the letter 

 S. || Voice: quality like a flute, hence called 

 Whistling Apes ; expression, a plaintive me- 

 lody, from which they are also called Weeping 

 Apes. 



S. Rosalia. Larynx perforated at the 

 thyro-cricold ligament, below the thyro-aryte- 

 noid ligament ; aperture circular, sac small. 



S. Coaita. Larynx like the Sapajous. Tra- 

 chea dilated behind the cricoid cartilage. 



S. Ateles arachnoides. Os hyoides : base 

 quadrangular, excavated. Larynx : cartilages 

 of Santorini with masses substituted for cunei- 

 form cartilage. Vocal ligaments : superior 

 give rise to the cuneiform masses ; inferior 

 lie over the superior Tat their insertion.** 

 Epiglottis : apex notched and connected with 

 the cuneiform fibro-cartilaginous masses. 

 Voice acute ; quality hoarse ; melody, a 

 plaintive cry. 



Lemur. L. gracilis. Os hyoides : base 

 not excavated. Larynx : no sac. H. 0'33 in. 

 Thyroid: wings united at an obtuse angle; 

 margins, superior oblique, inferior parallel to 

 superior. Cricoid elliptical ; margins, supe- 

 rior and inferior depressed. Crico-thyroid: 

 chink large, rhoinboidal. Epiglottis rounded ; 

 at its base a pit. L. 0*133 in. 



L. tardigradus. Cornua elongated and 

 united with first ring of trachea.ft In Lem. 

 Mongoz and L. Catta are processes running 

 from the epiglottis to os hyoides. Voice in 

 Mongoz, a peevish kind of cry when irritated. 



CHEIROPTERA. Phyllostoma Spectrum. O.s 

 hyoides like that of Lemurs. Larynx : H. 

 0*5 in. Thyroid like the Lemurs ; notch, su- 

 perior absent ; prominence small ; margins, 



* Brandt. t Ibid. t Ibid. 



Humboldt describes six laryngeal sacs. Cam- 

 per one. Vicq. d'Azyr, Cuvier, and Brandt more 

 than one. 



II Cuvier. Brandt. 1 Cuvier. 



** Brandt. tt Ibid. 



