ABBREVIATIONS 



/. OF GENERAL EXPRESSIONS 



cult cultivated, etc. 



dium diameter 



E east. 



ft feet. 



in inches. 



2f. north. 



S , . . . . south. 



trop tropics, tropical. 



W west. 



II. OF BOTANICAL TERMS 



fl flower. 



fls flowers. 



fld flowered. 



fr fruit. 



h height. 



If, leaf. 



Ift leaflet. 



Ivs leaves. 



st stem. 



sts stems. 



syn synonym. 



var variety. 



III. OF BOOKS AND PERIODICALS 



To aid the student in the verification of the 

 work, and to introduce him to the literature of the 

 various subjects, citations are made to the por- 

 traits of plants in the leading periodicals to 

 which the American is most likely to have access. 

 These references to pictures have been verified as 

 far as possible, both in the MS. and in the proof. 

 A uniform method of citation is much to be de- 

 sired, but is extremely difficult, because periodi- 

 cals rarely agree in methods. With great reluc- 

 tance it was decided to omit the year in most 

 cases, because of the pressure for space, but the 

 student who lacks access to the original volumes 

 may generally ascertain the year by consulting the 

 bibliographical notes below. 



An arbitrary and brief method of citation has 

 been chosen. At the outset it seemed best to indi- 

 cate whether the cited picture is colored or not. 

 This accounts for the two ways of citing certain 

 publications containing both kinds of pictures, 

 as The Garden, Revue Horticole, and Gartenflora. 



(xvii) 



The figures given below explain the method of 

 citation, and incidentally give some hints as to 

 the number of volumes to date, and of the number 

 of pages or plates in one of the latest volumes. 



A few works of the greatest importance are 

 mentioned elsewhere by way of acknowledgment 

 (p. xv.). The standard works on the bibliography 

 of botany are Pritzel's Thesaurus and Jackson's 

 Guide to the Literature of Botany; also, Jackson's 

 Catalogue of the Library of the Eoyal Botanic 

 Gardens, Kew. 



A. F. . . . The American Florist. Chicago. A trade 

 paper founded August 15, 1885. The vol- 

 umes end with July. Many pictures re- 

 peated in " Gng." ( 14 : 1524= vol. and page) . 



A. G. . . . American Gardening. New York. Represents. 



14 extinct horticultural periodicals, includ- 

 ing The American Garden (1888-1890). 

 Founded 18791 (20:896 = vol. and page.) 



B The Botanist. Edited by Maund. No years. 



on title pages. Founded 1839. 8 vols., 

 50 colored plates in each vol. (8:400 = 

 vol. and col. plate.) Cumulative index. 



B. B. . . . Britton & Brown. An Illustrated Flora of 



the Northern U. S., etc. New York. 

 1896-1898. (3 :588 = vol. and page. ) 



B. H. . . . La Belgique Horticole. Ghent. 35 vols. 

 (1851-1885.) 



B. M. . . . Curtis' Botanical Magazine. London. 

 Founded 1787. The oldest current peri- 

 odical devoted to garden plants. The 

 vol. for 1899 is vol. 125 of the whole 

 work. Index to first 107 volumes by E. 

 Tonks. London. ( 7690 = col. plate. ) 



B.R. . . . Botanical Register (1815-1847). Vols. 1-14 

 edited by Edwards: vols. 15-33 by Lind- 

 ley. In vols. 1-23 the plates are num- 

 bered from 1-2014. In vols. 24-33 they 

 are numbered independently in each vol. 

 There are 688 plates in vols. 24-33. "An 

 Appendix to the First Twenty-three Vol- 

 umes " (bound separately or with the- 

 25th vol.), contains an index to the first 

 23 vols. An index to vols. 24-31 may be 

 found in vol. 31. (33: 70 = vol. and col. 

 plate.) 



D Dana. How to Know the Wild Flowers. 



New York. 1893. ( 298 = page. ) 



Em. . . . Emerson, G. B. Trees and Shrubs of Mas- 

 sachusetts. Boston. 2 vols. 149 plates. 



F. C. . . . Floral Cabinet. Knowles & Westcott. Lon- 

 don. 1837-1840. 3 vols., 4to. 



F. E. . . . The Florists' Exchange. New York. A 

 trade paper, whose pictures sometimes 

 are repeated in "A.G." Founded Dec. 8, 

 1888. ( 11 : 1298 = vol. and page. ) 



F. M. . . . Floral Magazine. London. Series I. 1861- 

 1871, 8vo. Series II. 1872-1881, 4tc. 

 (1881 : 450 = year and col. plate. ) 



F. R. . . . Florists' Review. Chicago. A trade paper. 

 Vol. 1, Dec. 2, 1897, to May 26, 1898. Two- 

 vols. a year. (4:660 = vol. and page.) 



