ACANTHOMINTHA 



ACANTHUS 



11 



ilicifdlia, Gray. Height 6 in.: Ivs. petioled, ovate, 

 bluntly toothed: fls. 3-8 in a whorl, chiefly purple, with 

 yellow and white marks. Calif. B.M. 6750. Int. 1891. 

 Less desirable than Lamium, which see. 



ACANTHOPANAX (a thorny Panax-like plant). Ara- 

 lidcecf. Hardy ornamental trees and shrubs: Ivs. alter- 

 nate, long-petioled, lobed or digitate, deciduous: fls. in- 



12. Acalypha hispida (A. Sanderi). 



Conspicuous, in umbels ; petals and stamens 5 : fr. a 

 blaek 2-5-seeded berry. Cent. Asia and Himalayas. Prop, 

 by seeds or by root-cuttings; A. pentaphyllum also by 

 hardwood cuttings. 



A. Lrs. simple, palmately lobed. 

 ricinifdlium, Seem.( Ardlia Maximowiczii,'H.ort. Kalo- 

 pdnax ricinifdlium, Miq.). Tree, 80ft. : branches with 

 numerous stout prickles: Ivs. deeply 5-7-lobed, 9-14 in. 

 in diam., downy beneath when young ; lobes oblong- 

 lanceolate, serrate : inflorescense terminal, large, com- 

 pound. Japan. F.S. 20:2067. A very ornamental tree 

 of striking subtropical effect. A new form from Japan 

 has the Ivs. less downy beneath and with short, broad 



AA. Lvs. digitate. 



sessiliflorum, Seem. (Panax sessiliflorum, Rupr. & 

 Max.). Shrub, 12ft. : branches with only few prickles : 

 leaflets mostly 3, obov ate -lanceolate or oblong-lanceo- 

 late, cuneate, acuminate, 4-7 in. long, irregularly cre- 

 nate-serrate, nearly smooth : fls. dull purplish, sessile, in 

 globular heads on stout, downy peduncles. Manchuria, 

 N. China. G.C. III. 22: 339. Gt. 11: 369. -The freely pro- 

 duced heads of black berries are decorative. 



pentaphyllum, Marsh. (A. spinosum, Hort., not Miq. 

 Ardlia pentaphylla, Thunb.). Shrub, 5-10 ft. : branches 

 long and slender, with few compressed, straight prickles : 

 leaflets 5-7, oblong-obovate or oblong-lanceolate, cuneate, 

 acute, %-l%in. long, crenate-serrate, smooth: tts. green, 

 in long and slender-peduncled umbels ; styles 5, connate. 

 Japan. A graceful shrub, with arching branches and 

 bright green, shining foliage, excellent on rocky banks 

 and slopes. Var. variegatum, Hort. Lvs. edged white. 

 F.S. 20:2079. 



A.aculedtum, Seem. Spiny shrub: leaflets 3-5, shortly peti- 

 oled, glabrous. Himalayas. A. divaricatum, Seem. Allied to 



A. sessiliflorum. Lvs. hairy beneath: fls. pedicelled. Japan. 

 A. innovans, Franch. et Sav. Unarmed small tree: Ivs. fascicu- 

 late ; leaflets 3-5, nearly sessile, glabrous. Japan. A. sciado- 

 phylloldes, Franch. et Sav. Unarmed tree, 40 ft. : leaflets 5, 

 long petiolulate, glabrous. Japan. A. senticbsum, Harms. = 

 Eleutherococcus sentieosus. A. spinosum, Miq. Allied to A. 

 pentaphyllum. Lvs. often sparingly appressed-setose above : 

 peduncles shorter than petioles ; styles 2, separate. China. 



ALFRED BEHDEK. 

 ACANTHOPHIPPIUM. See Acanthephippium. 



ACANTHOPHCENIX (akantha, thorn, and phoenix, a 

 date palm). J'o hnac<>a>, tribe Arecece. Tall palms, spiny, 

 with the stout trunk ringed : Ivs. terminal, equally pin- 

 natisect, more or less armed with long slender spines, the 

 narrow segments linear-lanceolate, acuminate, scaly be- 

 low, midrib and nerves prominent, the thickened margins 

 recurved at the base, rachis somewhat 3-sided, sheath 

 long, smooth or spiny: spadix twice branched, pendent, 

 with a short, thick peduncle, glabrous or tomentose, 

 smooth or spiny, the branches slender or thick and 

 twisted : spathes 2, compressed, deciduous : fls. red or 

 orange : fr. black, scarcely longer than a grain of wheat. 

 Species 3 or 4. Madagascar. 



They need a temperature of 70-90 F. ; never less than 

 60. The rooting medium should be somewhat light, with 

 a quantity of crushed charcoal. Drainage should be very 

 carefully arranged, as they demand an abundance of 

 moisture. Prop, only by seeds, which may remain two or 

 three years in the seed-pan before germinating. For gen- 

 eral cult., see Palms and Areca. 



crinita, H. Wendl. (Areca crinlta, Bory) . Trunk 50-60 

 ft.: Ivs. 7-13 ft. long ; petiole densely tomentose, 4-8 in. 

 long ; leaf -sheath 2%-4%ft. long, thickly covered with 

 short brown bristles and spines ; segments silvery white 

 beneath. Mauritius. F.S. 16:1706. F.R. 2: 201. Young 

 plants have pale, yellowish green Ivs. 



rubra, H. Wendl. (Areca rubra,Bory). Trunk 60 ft.: 

 Ivs. 6-12 ft. long ; petiole glabrous, 2-4 in. long ; leaf- 

 sheath 2%-4%ft. long, thickly covered with long brown- 

 black spines ; pinnae slightly glaucous beneath : f r. glo- 

 bose, %-%in. in diam., with a prominent ridge extending 

 from the stigma to the base. Mauritius and Isl. Bour- 

 bon. Young plants have dark green Ivs. with red veins. 

 JARED G. SMITH and G. W. OLIVER. 



ACANTHOBHtZA (akantha, thorn, and rhiza, root). 

 Palmdcece, tribe Coryphece. Spineless palm, with a rather 

 robust caudex, densely clothed with the bases of the dead 

 sheaths ; roots spinescent at the base : Ivs. terminal, the 

 orbicular blade deeply cut into 3- to many -parted cunei- 

 form segments, glaucous below, without any rachis ; 

 petiole flattened or convex above, smooth on the margins ; 

 sheath short, fibrous : spadix compressed : the short 

 peduncle and spreading thickened branches white : bracts 

 and spathes elongated toward the base of the branches, 

 coriaceous, deciduous; bractlets bristly, deciduous. Spe- 

 cies 2 or 3. Cent. Amer. About one-fourth of the soil 

 given them should be vegetable mold. Prop, by seeds in 

 bottom heat. 



aculeata, H. Wendl. ( Chamcerops stauracdntha,ILort. ) . 

 St. spiny at base : Ivs. orbicular, with a narrow sinus 

 at the base, whitish beneath. Mex. I. H. 26:367. B.M. 

 7302. Succeeds in an intermediate house. 



Chuco, Drude (Thrinax Chuco, Mart.). St. smooth, 

 about 30 ft. high, 9-10 in. in diam., slender, flexuous : Ivs. 

 orbicular, with a narrow sinus at the base ; petioles slen- 

 der, 3-6 ft. long, smooth; blade 6 ft. in diam., divided to 

 or beyond the middle; segments 15-20, lanceolate, acute, 

 1-2 in. wide, dark green above, paler and glandular be-- 

 low. Braz. 



The following species are rarely seen outside of botanic gar- 

 dens, and need stove temperature: A. Wdllisi, H. Wendl. 

 Hab. ? A. Warscewiczii, H. Wendl. Panama. 



JARED G. SMITH and G. W. OLIVER. 



ACANTHUS (a kanth os, thorn). Acanthdcece. BEAR'S 

 BREECH. Mostly hardy herbaceous perennials of vigorous 

 growth and broad foliage, suitable for backgrounds of 

 borders and subtropical effects. The acanthus leaf is one 

 of the commonest of art forms. The ornamentation of 

 the Corinthian column is said to have been suggested 

 by A, spinosus. Height 3-4 ft.: spikes l-l%ft. long : 



