28 



.ECHMEA 



petals : ovary inferior, 3-ceIled. The flowers are sub- 

 tended by (in the axils of) flower-bracts; the entire head 

 or flower-cluster is often reinforced or subtended by 

 conspicuous leaf -bracts ; in the compound-inflorescence 

 types, the individual branches are usually subtended by 

 branch -bracts. In some species, as A.Lalindei and A. 

 Marice-Regince, the large colored leaf -bracts are the 

 most conspicuoxis part of the plant. In others, as A. 

 Veitchii, the entire head is the showy part. Monograph 



39. Adonis autumnalis. 



by Baker, Journ. Dot. 1879: 129, 161, 226. Includes Ca- 

 nistrum, Echinostachys, Hohenbergia, Hoplophytum, 

 Lamprococcus , Pironneava, Pothuava ; and some of 

 the species have been referred to Billbergia, Cryptan- 

 thus, Guzmannia, Tillandsia, Chevaliera, etc. For cul- 

 ture, see Billbergia. 



A. Fls. 2-ranked on the branchlets. 



distichantlia, Lemaire. Lvs. 2-3 ft. long, with a di- 

 lated base 4-5 in. long and half as wide, the blade rigid 

 and channelled, edges prickly: scape 1-1% ft.: fls. in a 

 bipinnate panicle 4-7 in. long and half as wide, the 

 petals tongue-shaped and red-purple, longer than the 

 obtuse-cuspidate sepals: fl. -bract pocket-like, %in. long. 

 Braz. B.M. 5447. 

 /LA.. Fls. multifarious, in several or many rows on the 



spike or branchlets. 



B. Inflorescence simple. 



c. Ovary compressed or flattened. 



Lalindei, Lind. & Rod. Large (3-4 ft.), with long and 

 broad spine-edged Ivs.: spike very dense, greenish 

 white, from the color of the aggregated calices, the fls. 

 subtended by many deflexed, showy red, long-pointed, 

 entire bract-lvs.: corolla not exserted. New Granada. 

 I.H. 30: 481. -Striking. 



Mariae-Keginee, Wendl. Smaller than the last in all 

 its parts : petals blue-tipped when young, fading to 

 crimson like the bracts, half as long again as the mealy 

 cuspidate .sepals ; fl. -bracts entire, small, not showy : 

 bract-lvs. toothed. Costa Rica. B.M. 6441. One of the 

 best species. 



Veitchii, Baker. Lvs. spotted, serrate : petals pale, a 

 little longer than the sepals : fl. -bracts conspicuous, 

 toothed, scarlet: bract-lvs. greenish, erect, serrate, not 

 encompassing the inflorescence. S. Amer. B.M. 6329. 

 Referred to Ananas by Bentham & Hooker. 

 CC. Ovary terete (cylindrical). 

 D. Head oblong. 



Lindeni, Koch (Hoplophytum Lindeni, Morr.). Lvs. 

 dilated and entire at base, the blade minutely toothed 

 and 2-3 ft. long, the tip broad-rounded and short-cuspi- 

 date: petals lemon-yellow, twice as long as sepals. Braz. 

 B.M. 6565. 



DD. Head globose. 



calyculata, Baker (Hoplophytum calyculdtum, Morr.). 

 Lvs. about 1 ft. long, with an oblong, dilated base, the blade 

 minutely toothed and rounded at the tip, but terminated 

 with a minute cusp: scape shorter than the Ivs., with 

 several deciduous lanceolate bract-lvs. : petals tongue- 

 shaped, not half an inch long, bright yellow: fl. -bracts 

 small, entire, reddish. S. Amer. 



fasciata, Baker (Billbergia fascidta, Lindl. B. rho- 

 docydnea, Lemaire). Lvs. 1-2 ft. long, with an oblong 

 entire clasping base, the blade strongly toothed and the 

 back marbled with whitish cross-lines, the tip rounded 

 and mucronate : scape 1 ft. high, floccose, the several 

 bract-lvs. pale red and erect ; petals %in. long, pink. 

 Braz. B.M. 4883. B.R. 1130. F.S. 3: 207. -Inflorescence 

 sometimes forked. 



BB. Inflorescence branched (or compound}. 



c. Calyx and ovary not longer than the fl. -bract. 



glomerata, Hook. Lvs. strongly toothed, l%-2 ft. 

 long: fls. in dense, rounded spikes disposed in a narrow 

 panicle 1 ft. long ; petals blue or violet, longer than the 

 calyx : fl. -bracts long, pointed, scarlet (in one variety 

 whitish). Braz. B.M. 5668. 



CC. Calyx prominently longer than the fl.-bract. 

 D. Panicle large, S-pinnate; petals bright red. 



spectabilis, Brongn. Lvs. 2-2} ft. long, minutely 

 serrate : fl. -bracts very small ; petals twice as long as 

 sepals. Guatemala. R.H. 1875: 310. 



DD. Panicle 1- or 2-pinnate ; petals blue or violet. 

 E. Fls. pedicellate. 



caerulescens, Hort. Lvs. 1K-2 ft. long, with small 

 prickles: panicle 4-5 in. long, 2-pinnate, with lax few- 

 fld. crowded branches; petals bluish red, %in. long: fl.- 

 bracts none or minute. S. Amer. Gt. 1871:694. Pro- 

 duces white berries. 



EE. Fls. sessile. 



coelestis, Baker. Lvs. much as in the last : panicle 

 deltoid, 3-5 in. long, 2-pinnate, floccose, the lower 

 branches subtended by red branch-bracts ] in. long ; 

 petals nearly half an inch long, blue. S. Amer. 



fiilgens, Brongn. (^E. discolor, Hort. ) . Lvs. broad, with 

 small distant teeth, with a broad cuspidate end : panicle 

 large, simple above, branched below, glabrous, bearing 

 numerous fls.; petals blue-tipped, exceeding the rich 

 red calyx; fl. -bracts minute or none: branch-bracts yel- 

 lowish. S. Amer. B.M. 4293. 



Weilbachii, F. Didr. Lvs. rather short, overtopped by 

 the red-stemmed and red-bracted scape: panicle narrow, 

 1-pinnate, the fls. rather crowded, blue and red. S.Amer. 

 R.H. 1871:170. 



Var. Leodi6nsis, Andre". Lvs. violet and spotted : fls. 

 shorter. Braz. 



IE. augusta, Baker. Allied to ^E. M arise- Reginae. Plant large: 

 fls. small, rose; petals short-protruded; panicle 1 ft._high, del- 

 toid. Braz. R.H. 1881, p. 437 (as Hohenbergia ferruginea). J5. 

 aurantlaca, Baker. PL vigorous : Ivs. expanded in the middle : 

 fls. yellow, 2 in. long. S. Amer. B.H. 1873:15 (as Canistrum au- 

 rantiacum). J5. IMrteei, Baker. Fls.2-ranked; corolla pale yel- 

 low. Honduras.^. Brasiliensis, Regel. Lvs. much dilated at 

 base, whitish below, black-toothed: petals light blue, calyx and 

 rachisred: panicle branched. Braz. Gt. 1885 = 1202. ^.bromelice- 

 folia, Baker. Dense spike : Ivs. whitish below, 3-4 ft. long, ser- 

 rate or spinescent: fls. light yellow. S. Amer. JE. Cornui, Carr. 

 =M. nudicaulis. JE.Drakedna, Andre. Lvs.whitish, finely den- 

 tate : spike simple and lax ; fls. long-tubxilar, light blue ; bracts 

 and ovaries coral-red : berries rose, becoming blue. S. Amer. 

 R.H. 1888, p. 401.^. exsudans, Morr. Lvs. whitish below : 

 spike globular and dense, mucilaginous ; petals yellow. Braz. 

 L.B.C. 9:801. B.H. 1878:303. ^.Furstenbergii, Morr.=Strepto- 

 calyx Furstenbergii. IE. ferruginea, Carr.=^E. augusta.^?. 

 Hystrix, Morr. Lvs. lepidote, whitish, crowded : spike oblong, 

 dense; fls. purple, tomentose. Guaiana. M. macracdntha, 

 Brongn.=^E. Schiedeana. M. Melinbnii, Hook. Panicle 3-pin- 

 nate, dense ; petals bright red : Ivs. spiny, 1/^-2 ft. Guaiana. 

 B.M. 5235.^?. Mexicdna, Baker. Lvs. long and large, fine- 

 toothed : panicle 3-pinnate, long and lax, the peduncles mealy; 

 petals crimson. Mex. IE. minidta, Hort.= Billbergia thyr- 

 soidea? IE. myriophylla, Morr. Allied to JE. distichantha. 

 Lvs. narrow, 2-3 ft., spiny, silvery-scaly on the back : fls. red, the 

 petals fading blue. Trop. Amer. B.M. 6939. IE. nudicaulis, 

 Griseb. Lvs. long and straight, brown-toothed : bract-lvs. sub- 

 tending : spike large, brilliant red ; petals yellow. Trop. Amer. 

 R.H. 1885:36 (as M. Cornui, which is a form with shorter and 

 denser spike). j&.paniculigera, Griseb. Lvs. large and long: 



