BERBKKIS 



BERBERIS 



155 



globese, blackish purple. May. Chile to Strait of Ma- 

 gellan. B.M. 6505. S.B.F.G. II. 1:100. P.M. 10: 171. 

 A very irraeet'ul, free-flowering shrub ; one of the 

 hardiest of the evergreen species ; will stand the win- 

 ter even north if somewhat protect <<!. 



10. stenophylla, Mast. (B. Ddru-ini x empetrifoHa). 

 Height l-'J ft., with slender, arching branches : Ivs. 

 narrow-oblong, revolute at the margins, spiny pointed, 

 K-lV-t in. long, dark green above : fls. 2-6, in pedun- 

 cled. pendulous umbels. Of garden origin. May. G.C. 

 III. 7:619. A.F. 6:325. Handsome shrub, nearly as 

 hardy as the former. 



CO. Lvs. coarsely spiny dentate. 

 D. Fls. in simple racemes or clnsters. 



11. ilicifolia, Forst. Holly-leaved. Lvs. partially ever- 

 green, persisting till late in winter, shining dark green, 

 ovate, tapering at base, coarsely spiny-toothed: pedicels 

 short, 4-fld., somewhat corymbose ; fls. orange-yellow. 

 Terra del Fuego. B.M. 4308. F.S. 3:291. 



12. Darwini, Hook. Height 1-3 ft. : branches brown, 

 pubescent when young : Ivs. sessile, cuneate, obovate, 

 usually 3-fld at the apex, glossy dark green above, %-l 

 in. long : racemes short, many-fld., pendulous ; fls. 

 orange-yellow, often reddish outside : style longer than 

 the ovary : fr. dark purple. Chile to Patagonia. B.M. 

 4590. F.S. 7:663. P.F.G. 2:46. 



13. WallicMana, DC. (#.e^mes0nt, Hort., not Lindl.). 

 Shrub, to 10 ft., with grayish brown branches : spines 

 3-parted, nearly an inch long : Ivs. sessile, oblong-ellip- 

 tic or lanceolate, remotely spiny serrate, shining on both 

 sides, 1-2 in. long : fls. long-pedicelled, nodding, 3-6 in 

 a cluster. Himalayas. B.M. 4656. P.F.G. 1:79. 



14. Neuberti, Lem. (B. ilicifolia, Hort., not Forst. 

 B. Aquifolium x vulgaris}. Branches grayish brown, 

 without spines, upright : Ivs. simple, oval or ovate, 

 sometimes with 1 or 2 smaller lateral Ifts., spiny or 

 setulo.se-dentate, dark grayish green above, l%-3 in. 

 long: fls. in racemes. Of garden origin. I.H. 1:111. 

 G.C. III. 9:73, 75. -Hardy north, but Ivs. not persistent. 



v* 



228. Berberis Thunbergii. 



DD. Fls. in compound, pendulous racemes. 



15. aristata, DC. Bush, 2-6 ft. : Ivs. oblong, semi-per- 

 sistent, usually spinose-dentate, 1-3 in. long : fls. in 

 long-peduncled, compound racemes. Himalayas. B.R. 

 9:729. 



16. Jameson!, Lindl. Shrub, much branched : Ivs. 

 oblonsr, 2-3 in. long, with few large and strong spines : 

 fls. orange, in drooping panicles or compound racemes. 

 Ecuador. I.H. 6:201. 



AA. Li's, pinnate, persistent: branches spineless. 



(Mahonia.) 



B. Petioles short or almost none. 



c. Racemes few-fid., slender, mostly lateral. 



17. Fremonti, Torr. From 5-12 ft. : Ifts. 3-7, rigidly 



coriaceous, ovate or oblong, with few strong, spiny teeth, 



glaucous, dull, %-l in. long: racemes loose, 3-7-fld.; 



229. Berberis Aquifolium (X 



pedicels slender : fr. at least %in. in diam., red, in- 

 flated, and rather dry. W. Texas to Utah and Mex. 

 G.F. 1: 497. Remarkable for its pale, glaucous foliage 

 and large berries. Not hardy north. 



cc. Racemes many-fid., dense. 



18. pinnata, Lag. (Mahbnia fasciculdris, DC.). Two 

 to 3 ft. : Ifts. 5-17, ovate or ovate-lanceolate, coriaceous, 

 undulate at the margin and with few spiny teeth, dark 

 green, somewhat shining: fls. in short, fascicled racemes: 

 fr. blue. Calif., N. Mex. B.M. 2396. B.R. 9:702. -Not 

 hardy north. 



19. Japdnica, Spreng. (M. Japdnica, DC. B. Bealii, 

 Fort. ) . Height 5-10 ft. : Ifts. 9-13, roundish or ovate, 

 coriaceous, usually truncate at the base, with large, re- 

 mote, spiny teeth, 2-5 in. long : racemes 34 in. long, 

 fascicled : fr- bluish black. China, Japan. B.M. 4846, 

 4852. P.F.G. 1:11. F.S. 6: 79. -Very effective by its 

 large foliage, thriving best, like the other Mahonias, in 

 a partly shaded position. Hardy north to New York in 

 sheltered positions. 



20. NepalSnsis, Spreng. (B. Japdnica, Hort.). Tall, 

 4-6 ft. : Ifts. 5-25, rigid, obovate-oblong, repand-toothed, 

 with few spiny teeth on each edge. India to Japan. 

 N. 1:182. A.G. 18:355. 



BB. Petioles prominent or elongated. 

 c. lifts, truncate or rounded at the base. 



21. Aquifolium, Pursh (Mahonia Aquifblium, Nutt.). 

 Fig. 229. From 3-6 ft. : Ifts. 5-9, oblong or oblong-ovate, 

 shiny dark green above, spinulose-dentate : racemes 

 erect, fascicled: berries blue, small. May. British Co- 

 lumbia to Ore. B.R. 17:1425. L.B.C. 18:1718. P.M.B. 

 9: 5. Handsome evergreen shrub, hardy north in shel- 

 tered positions. 



22. nervosa, Pursh. Dwarf evergreen shrub : sts. but 

 a few inches high, tipped with long, husk-like, pointed 

 bud-scales : Ifts. 11-21, lance-ovate, 3-5-ribbed, remotely 

 spiny-toothed, borne on a strongly jointed stalk : ra- 

 cemes elongated, erect: fr.oblong, blue. Ore. B.M. 3949. 

 L.B.C. 18:1701. F.S. 2:127. P.M. 7:55, as Mahonia 

 glumacea. 



23. repens, Lindl. (Mahonia repens, Don). Rarely 

 over 1 ft. high, stoloniferous : Ifts. 3-7, roundish ovate 

 or ovate, pale or glaucous and dull above, spinulose- 

 dentate : fls. and fr. like the former. Brit. Columbia to 

 Calif, and N. Mex. B.R. 14:1176. L.B.C. 19:1847. 



cc. Lfts. cuneate at base, narrow -lanceolate. 



24. Fortune!, Lindl. Dwarf : Ifts. 5-9, distant, nar- 

 rowJy lanceolate; spiny teeth numerous, small : racemes 

 erect, fascicled. China. F.S. 3:287 bis. 



B. actinacdntha, Mart. One to 3 ft., evergreen : spines 5- 

 parted : Ivs. small, spiny : fls. in sessile clusters. Chile. B.R. 



