BRINCKLE 



BRODI^A 



181 



the acme of quality. He was for many years vice-presi- 

 dent of the Pennsylvania Horticultural Society, and 

 was regarded as a leader of American pomology. In 

 raising pear seedlings, he was wont to graft and regraft 

 annually, after the second or third year from seed. He 

 thus produced new fruits in half the time required by 

 Van Mons, many of whose novelties did not fruit within 

 twenty years from seed. Dr. Brinckle" gave away thou- 

 sands of grafts to amateurs and tradesmen everywhere, 

 and always prepaid the carriage. In 1860 he edited 

 "Hoffy's North American Pomologist," a high-class peri- 

 odical with colored plates, which, unfortunately, did not 

 survive. Some sprightly anecdotes of Dr. Brinckle" are 

 reprinted from the Gardener's Monthly for 1863, in 

 Bailey's "Evolution of Our Native Fruits." -^y ]\j 



BRITISH COLUMBIA. See Canada. 



BRlZA (Greek name of a grain). Graminece. QUAK- 

 ING GRASS. A genus of grasses cultivated for the 

 graceful panicles, which tremble in the slightest breeze. 

 Lvs. flat or convolute; panicles loosely flowered and 

 open ; spikelets many-flowered, triangular or heart- 

 shaped, nodding ; glumes membranaceous and rounded 

 on the back; awnless. Species, 12 in Eu., N. Afr., S. 

 Amer. About 5 are considered to be ornamental and 

 useful for dry bouquets. 



geniculata, Thunb. Fig. 269. Plant 12-18 in. high: 

 culms geniculate at the base : Ivs. 3-5 in. long, smooth 

 above, slightly rough below: spikelets showy, nodding, 

 oblong-cordate, ^ in. long, 9-12 -fld., with a striking 

 ribbed appearance. 



maxima, Linn. (B. major, Presl.). Annual, 14-18 in. 

 high : Ivs. long and linear-acuminate : panicles nod- 

 ding: spikelets oblong-cordate, 13-17-fld. Eu. A hand- 

 some ornamental grass. 



media, Linn. COMMON QUAKING GRASS. Plant 6 in. to 

 2 ft. high : Ivs. short, linear-acuminate : spikelets tri- 

 angular, ^ in. long, 5-12-fld. Eu. 



minor, Linn. (B. grdcilis, Hort. B. minima, Hort.). 

 Plant 4-15 in. high: Ivs. 1-5 in. 

 long : panicle with hairlike 

 branches ; spikelets triangular, 

 3-6-fld. ; empty glumes longer 

 than the flowering glumes. Eu., 

 N. Afr. An exceedingly pretty 

 little ornamental grass. 



P. B. KENNEDY. 



BRIZOPtRUM. See Desma- 



BROCCOLI. See Cauliflower. 



BRODIJEA (J. J. Brodie, a 

 Scotch botanist). Liliacece. West 

 American cormous plants of low 

 growth, some of which are now 

 becoming popular in cult. The 

 fls. are several on a scape, the 

 perianth mostly funnel-form, and 

 either saccate or non-saccate, 

 ranging from purple to red, white 

 and yellow; stamens 6, 3 of them 

 sometimes reduced to staminodja. 

 In Bot. of Calif., Watson includes 

 under Brodiaea a number of 

 genera erected by previous au- 

 thors. Baker, in his latest re- 

 vision of Brodiaea, still further 

 enlarges the genus by including 

 269. Briza eeniculata. some species of South American 

 (X %.) bulbs heretofore separated under 



Milla and Triteleia. Brodiaea, as 



thus outlined, includes Hookera, Triteleia, Milla, Calli- 

 prpra and Hesperoscordum. For horticultural purposes, 

 it is better and more convenient to merge all into Bro- 

 diaea. In this broad sense Brodiaea includes about 30 

 species, which must be divided into several groups. 

 The species differ so widely in every way that cultural 

 directions must follow the group. For B. voliibilis, 



see Stropholirion ; for B. coccinea, see Brevoortia. 

 Monogr. by Baker, in G.C. III. 20, pp. 213, 238, 459, 687: 

 also Watson, Proc. Amer. Acad. Arts and Sci. 14: 236. 



Index to the species: Bridgesii, 4; Californica, 11; 

 caudida,2; congesta, 19; Douglasii, 22; erecta, 6; fllifolia, 

 16: gracilis,9; grandiflora, 10; Hendersoni, 5; Howellii, 

 23; hyacinthina, 7; ixioides, 6; lactea, 8; laxa, 1; lilacina, 



270. Brodiaeas. 



At top, B. Candida ; at bottom, B. ixioides, 

 var. splendens : at left, B. Bridgesii. 



8,23, and supplementary list; major, 8; minor, 6, 12; 

 multiflora, 20 ; Orcuttii, 15; parviflora, 20; peduncularis, 

 3 ; Purdyi, 18 ; rosea, 17 ; splendens, 6 ; stellaris, 14 ; 

 terrestris, 13. 



Group 1. 



In this group, which contains some of the best species 

 in cultivation, the plants have a fibrous-coated flattened 

 corm, resembling that of the crocus; not usually bulbif- 

 erous. The Ivs. are few, all radical and grass-like ; the 

 scapes are slender but stiffly erect, naked except for 

 bracts below the many-fld. umbel ; the fls. are oftener 

 broadly tubular, borne on slender pedicels, and are in 

 purples, white and yellow. All are hardy, but a protec- 

 tion of straw or leaves is advisable in the colder regions. 

 A light, loose, well-drained, sandy or loamy soil best 

 meets their needs, and an excess of moisture and very 

 rich soils are to be avoided. 



1. laxa, Wats. Strong, with many broadly tubular 

 purple fls. : tube very narrow, and equaling or exceed- 

 ing the segments ; jfilaments very slender ; stamens in 

 2 rows. N. Cal. G.C. III. 20: 241. -Showy, and one of 

 the best. There are many variations. 



2. Candida, Baker. Fig. 270. Much like B. laxa in 

 characters of bloom, but segments white or bluish with 

 a green vein, and the fls. set at an angle on the pedicel, 

 so that they all face one way : further distinguished by 

 early flowering and the very broad and glossy, scarcely 

 carinate Ivs. Calif. 



3. peduncularis, Wats. Still stouter (1-2 ft.), with 

 smaller and fewer white fls. on pedicels a few inches to 

 a foot long; filaments short or none. N. Calif. G.C. 

 III. 20: 243. This species grows in wet, heavy ground 

 close to water, and is very bulbiferous. 



4. Bridgesii, Wats. Fig. 270. Similar to B. laxa, but 

 stamens in one row, corolla with a spreading limb, and 

 color reddish purple ; filaments deltoid. Cent. Calif. 

 G.F. 1: 126. Grows a foot or more high. 



5. H6ndersonii, Wats. Resembles B. Bridgesii: yel- 

 low, banded purple : filaments somewhat winged, but not 

 deltoid: small-fld. Central and N. Calif, to Ore. 



