214 



CALCEOLARIA 



Prick off, when large enough to handle, into pans or 

 shallow flats one inch apart. Same compost as for seeds 

 will suit. When plants begin to crowd, pot into thumb- 

 pots. This time the compost should have the addition of 

 a sixth part of finely sifted dried cow-manure. Subse- 

 quent shifts should be given as required, the last being 

 into 7-inch pots. Shade is necessary all along, but should 

 not be so heavy as to induce the plants to become drawn. 

 A house or frame with a northern elevation is most suit- 

 able for their culture, keeping the temperature as low as 

 possible during the warmer months. Later on, provide 

 a night temperature of 40 and a day temperature of 50 

 to 55. Water carefully, avoiding extremes, and when the 

 flower spikes begin to show, weak liquid manure may be 

 frequently used with advantage. Green-fly is the only 

 really troublesome insect enemy. This can be kept in 

 check by the free distribution of tobacco stems around 

 the benches where the plants are set. If it gets thoroughly 

 established, evaporate tobacco extract in the house. 



The shrubby Calceolarias are grown extensively in 

 Europe, especially Britain, as a bedding plant, but the 

 heat of an American summer proves too much for them. 

 Propagation is effected chiefly by cuttings, which are 

 taken there the end of August, struck, and wintered over 

 in cold frames protected from frost. 



WM. SCOTT, of Tarrytown. 



The herbaceous garden forms of Calceolarias cannot 

 often be referred to botanical species. In the following 

 account, the important stem species are described. Rodi- 

 gas considers the garden hybrids to be offshoots chiefly 

 of G. arachnoidea and crenatiflora, and he has called this 

 race C. arachnoideo-crenati flora (see I.H. 31:528, 536; 

 35: 54). Fig. 315. C. crenatiflora seems to have left its 

 impress most distinctly on the greenhouse forms. 



315. Calceolaria arachnoideo-crenatiflora. 



A. Herbaceous Calceolarias, parents of the florists' 

 varieties of this country. 



B. Lvs. simple. 

 C. Fls. essentially yellow. 



crenatifldra, Cav. ( C. pendula, Sweet) . One-2 ft., 1he 

 ;stem soft-hairy, terete: radical Ivs. ovate and long peti- 



CALCEOLARIA 



oled (the petioles winged at top), undulate and dentate, 

 sometimes obscurely lobed, rugose and pubescent, paler 

 beneath, often purplish towards the tip ; stem-lvs. shorter- 

 petioled and becoming sessile above : fls. in a forking 

 corymb, the slipper large, oblong or oblong-obovate, fur- 

 rowed or crenate, hanging, yellow, with orange-brown 

 dots. Chile. B.M. 3255. From this species we seem to 

 have derived the spots of Calceolaria fls. 



corymbdsa, Ruiz & Pav. One-2 ft., the stem 4-angled : 

 radical Ivs. ovate and sometimes cordate, obtuse or nearly 

 so, doubly crenate, rugose and hairy, whitish beneath ; 

 stem-lvs. smaller and narrower, somewhat clasping, op- 

 posite : fls. small (about half as large as in C. crenati- 

 flora), in a broad, somewhat loose corymb, the slipper 

 somewhat short-oblong, clear yellow outside and marked 

 with red lines inside. Chile. B.M. 2418. 



amplexicaulis, HBK. A ft. or two high: Ivs. cordate- 

 ovate to ovate-lanceolate, long-acuminate, pubescent, 

 woolly beneath and deep-rugose above, clasping : fls. 

 small, in an upright corymb, pale yellow and spotless, 

 the slipper hoof-shapecl Equador, etc. B.M. 4300. 



cc. Fls. purple. 



purpurea, Grab. Stems erect, pubescent, 1-2 ft. : radi- 

 cal Ivs. spatulate and acutish, with a strong midrib, 

 sparsely hairy, rugose, dentate; stem-lvs. broad -cordate 

 and clasping, less toothed : fls. in loose corymbs, small, 

 purplish or reddish violet, the slipper somewhat fur- 

 rowed. Peru. B.M. 2775. Supposed to have entered 

 largely into purple-fld. varieties. 



arachnoidea, Grab. Stem a foot or two high, terete, 

 branchy, woolly, with appressed hairs : Ivs. oblong or 

 Ungulate, narrowing into long winged petioles, clasping, 

 obscurely toothed, rugose, woolly on both sides : pe- 

 duncles in pairs, forking: fls. small, dull purple, the slip- 

 per nearly globular and furrowed. Chile. B.M. 2874. 



B. Lvs. compound, or essentially so. 



scabiosaefolia, Sims. Often 2 ft., the stem terete, hairy 

 and leafy : Ivs. opposite, with clasping petioles, cut nearly 

 or completely to the midrib : Ifts. varying from lanceo- 

 late to broad-oval, acuminate, ciliate, dentate : fls. very 

 small, in small hairy corymbs, pale yellow, the slipper 

 nearly orbicular in outline. Peru. B.M. 2405. In es- 

 sentially pure form, this is sold by seedsmen as an annual 

 and bedding plant. 



pinnata, Linn. Often reaches 3 ft. or more : Ivs. pin- 

 natifld or completely compound, the divisions short and 

 nearly entire, obtuse or nearly so : fls. small, sulfur- 

 yellow. Peru. B.M. 41. The first known garden spe- 

 cies, still sold as an annual. 



AA. Shrubby Calceolarias. 



integrifolia, Murr. (C. rugasa, Ruiz and Pav. C. 

 salvicefolia, Pers.). Two ft. or less high, branchy 

 and bushy : Ivs. glabrous, oval-lanceolate, crisped 

 x and dentate, the short petioles winged : fls. in ter- 

 minal clusters, small, yellow. Chile. B.M. 2523. 

 [ Variable. Probably the chief source of shrubby 

 ' Calceolarias. 



thyrsifldra, Grab. More shrubby : Ivs. linear and 

 clustered, toothed, sessile, not hairy : fls. small, yel- 

 low, in a close, terminal cluster. Chile. B.M. 2915. 



C. alba, Ruiz & Pav. Shrubby : Ivs. linear, toothed above : 

 fls. small, white. Chile. B.M. 4157. G.C. III. 22:141. Gn. 

 51:1102. C. Andlna, Benth. Shrubby, glandular-pubescent : 

 Ivs. orbicular-ovate, thick, rugose, hairy : fls. small, yellow, the 

 slipper crenate. Chile. B.M. 7326. C. bicolor, Ruiz & Pav. 

 Shrubby : Ivs. ovate, dentate : fls. small, the slipper sulfur- 

 yellow above and white below. Peru. B.M. 3036. C. Burbidgei, 

 Hort. Handsome yellow- fld. hybrid of C. PavoniiX C. fuchsiae- 

 folia. Gn. 47:1012. C. flexudsa, Ruiz and Pav. Shrubby at 

 base : Ivs. large-ovate, coarsely crenate-dentate : fls. rather 

 large, clear yellow, with very large green calices. Peru. B.M. 

 5154. F.S. 22:2331. C. fuchsicefblia, Hemsl. Shrubby: Ivs. 

 lanceolate : fls. yellow, panicled, upper lip very large. Peru ? 

 Gn. 15:173. G.C. II. 15:269. C. Henrici, Hook. f. Shrubby, 

 evergreen : Ivs. willow-like, small-toothed : fls. panicled, clear 

 yellow, the upper lip large. Equador. B.M. 5772. C. hyssopi- 

 fblia, HBK. Shrubby : Ivs. crowded, small, lanceolate and 

 toothed, or at top of stem linear and entire, margins revolute: 

 fls. rather large, in many-fld. corymbs, pale sulfur-yellow, the 

 slipper obovate-orbicular and crenate. Equador. B.M. 5548. 

 C. lobdta, Cav. Herbaceous : Ivs. triangular-ovate, palmately 

 5-7-lobed, dentate : fls. in terminal clusters, clear, pale yellow. 



