CALOCHORTUS 



CALOPHACA 



221 



22. aureus, Wats. Very low: petals yellow, not hairy, 

 the hairy gland purple-bordered. S. Utah. 



23. clavatus, Wats. Petals yellow lined with brown, 

 the lower part bearing club-shaped (or clavate) hairs, 

 the gland deep and circular ; anthers purple. Calif. 

 In this excellent sort we have the largest-flowered and 

 stoutest-stemmed of all Mariposas. The bulb is very 

 large, the single bare leaf 1 or 2 ft. long : the st. is 

 heavy, stout and zigzag. The fls. are shaped like a 

 broad-based bowl, sometimes 5 or 6 in. across. The 

 color is a deep, rich yellow, and the lower half is cov- 

 ered thickly with stiff yellow hairs, each tipped with a 

 round translucent knob, and in the light like tiny icicles. 

 There are various strains : El Dorado, the largest, not 

 so deep yellow ; Ventura, very stout, deep yellow ; 

 Obispo, like the last, but the upper half of the back of 

 ach petal is olive brown, which shows through the deep 

 yellow of the inside, giving changeable shades. 



cc. Color white or lilac : sometimes running into 

 yellows. 



24. venustus, Benth. BUTTERFLY TULIP. Stout, 6-36 

 in.: petals white or pale lilac, with a reddish spot at 

 top, a brown-yellow center, and brown base : gland 

 large and oblong, usually densely hairy : capsule 1-2 Hin. 

 long. Calif. B.R. 1669. F.S. 2:104. Gn. 46, p. 395.- 

 Very variable. The yellow forms (as var. sulphureus, 

 Hort.) are often treated as forms of C. luteus. To this 

 group of Calochortuses is properly applied the Spanish 

 name Mariposa (butterfly), for their brilliantly colored 

 fls., with eye-like spots on each petal and sepal, and 

 other delicate markings with dots, lines and hairs, which 

 are strongly suggestive of the wings of a brilliantly 

 colored butterfly. Botanists have variously divided this 

 great group of allied forms between C. luteus and C. 

 venustus. Botanically all can be considered as either 

 strains of one variable species or as a number of closely 

 allied species. 



Var. pictus, Wallace (G.C. III. 18, p. 14). Creamy 

 white, brilliantly marked, often with a gold blotch. Gn. 

 48, p. 277. 



Var. purpurascens, Wats. Petals deep lilac or pur- 

 plish, darker at center, the fl. fully 3 in. across. Strong 

 grower. Gn. 46:986. 



Var. rdseus, Hort. (C. rdseus, Hort.). Creamy white 

 or lilac, with an eye midway and a rose-colored blotch 

 at apex. Gn. 46:986. 



Var. sangruineus, Hort. Fls. deep red, with very dark 

 eye, and without the rose blotch at the apex. Perhaps a 

 form of C, luteus. 



Var V6sta, Hort. (C. Vesta, Wallace). Tall, long- 

 stemmed, vigorous, bearing large white fls. tinged witn 

 lilac and beautifully marked. Produces large offsets, 

 which flower in 2 years. Gn. 46: 986. 



25. splendens, Dougl. Strong and tall, 1-2 ft. : fls. 2-3 

 in. across ; petals large, pale, clear lilac, paler below, 

 with a darker claw and scattered long, white hairs be- 

 low the middle. S. Calif. B.R. 1676. 



Var. atroviolaceus, Hort. Tall and slender: fls. 1-l^in. 

 across, of a deep purple color, with a dark spot on the 

 claw, and short hairs on the lower third. 



Var. ruber, Hort. As large as the type but deep, red- 

 dish purple, with a dark purple spot at base of claw. 



26. flexudsus, Wats. Related to C. splendens, but 

 with sts. so weak as to almost be said to creep. The 

 fls. are large and very brilliant, a dazzling purple, with a 

 darker purple eye, and yellow hairs below. S. Utah. 

 Int. by Purdy in 1897. 



27. Palmeri, Wats. St. 1-2 ft., very slender and flexu- 

 ous, 1-7-fld., bulb-bearing near the base : sepals with 

 long, narrow, recurved tips, spotted; petals 1 in. or less 

 long, white (or yellowish below), with a brownish claw 

 and bearing scattered hairs about the gland : capsule 

 very narrow. S.Calif. The C. Palmeri of dealers is 

 not always this species. 



28. Catalinse, Wats. Habit of C. venustus : st. 2 ft., 

 branching : fls. white to lilac, or deep lilac, very large 

 and handsome, a large round black spot at base of each 

 petal. A lovely species between C. splendens and C. 

 venustus. Remarkable for blooming with the Star Tulip 



323. Calochortus 

 Gunnisoni. 

 Natural size. 



section, fully a month before other Mariposas. Native 

 to Santa Catalina Isl., off S. Calif.; also to Calif, coast. 



29. Niittallii, Torr. & Gray. SEGO LILY. St. slender, 

 bulb-bearing at base, usually with only 1 cauline leaf, 

 1-5-fld.: sepals ovate-lanceolate, often dark-spotted; 

 petals 1-2 in. long, white tinged with greenish yellow or 

 lilac, with a purplish spot or band above the yellow 

 base and hairy about the gland ; 



anthers obtuse. Dak. to Calif, 

 and N. Mex. There are no more 

 exquisitely beautiful fls. thun 

 these Sego Lilies (the Mormon 

 name) of the Great 

 Basin. Most of them 

 are plants of the sage- 

 brush deserts. Thelvs. 

 are an ashy green, the 

 foliage scant, but the 

 great fls. are wonder- 

 ful in tintings. There 

 are shades in blue, 

 pink, lilac, and yellow- 

 ish; also white. 



30. Leichtlinii, Hook. f. Slen- 

 der alpine species (5-6 in. high), 

 by some regarded as a form of 

 C.NuttalUi: fls. smoky white, 

 banded with green and marked 

 with dark brown. Sierra Nevadas. 

 B.M. 5862. F.S. 20:2116. 



31. Gunnisoni, Wats. Fig. 323. 

 Much like C. Nuttallii: anthers 

 acuminate : fls. light blue or al- 

 most white, delicate yellowish 

 green beloxtf the middle, purple- 

 banded at the base, and bearing a 

 band of green hairs across each 

 petal. Rocky Mts., Wyo. to New 

 Mexico. 



32. macrocarpus, Dougl. St. stiff, the cauline Ivs. 3-5: 

 fls. 1 or 2; sepals acuminate, sometimes spotted; petals 

 2 in. or less, acute, lilac with a greenish midvein, some- 

 what hairy. B.R. 1152. N. Calif, to Wash, and Idaho. 

 This fine species forms a group by itself. It has a very 

 large bulb, a stout almost leafless stem, and a large 

 flower of an exquisite pale lavender, banded down the 

 back with green. Petals long, narrow and pointed. 



CARL PURDY and L. H. B. 



CALODfiNDKUM (Greek, beautiful tree). Hutacece. 

 One of the handsomest deciduous trees at the Cape of 

 Good Hope. Cult, in northern greenhouses, and out- 

 doors in S. Calif, and S. Fla. Its great panicles of white 

 or flesh-colored fls. are sometimes 7 in. across and 6 in. 

 deep. A monotypic genus. It is a symmetrical tree, 

 with attractive, evergreen foliage, and many interesting 

 features. Called "Wild Chestnut" in Africa. Prop, by 

 cuttings of half-ripened wood under glass in heat. 



Cap6nsis, Thunb. CAPE CHESTNUT. Height in Africa, 

 70 ft.: branches opposite, orinS's: Ivs. simple, decus- 

 sate, ovate, obtuse, retuse or acute, parallel-nerved, 4-5 

 in. long, studded with oil cysts, which look like translu- 

 cent spots when held to the light : panicles terminal ; 

 peduncles usually trichotomous : calyx deciduous : pet- 

 als 5, linear-oblong, \% in. long, 2 lines wide, sprinkled 

 with purple glands : stamens 10, 5 alternate, sterile, 

 and petaloid : seeds 2 in each cell, larger than a hazel- 

 nut, black and shining. G.C. II, 19: 217. 



CALOPHACA (Greek, kalos, beautiful, and phaka, 

 lentil). Leguminbsce. Deciduous shrubs or herbs, with 

 alternate, odd-pinnate, pubescent, and often glandular 

 Ivs.: fls. papilionaceous, solitary or in racemes: pod 

 pubescent and glandular, cylindrical. About 10 species 

 from S. Russia to E. India. The two cultivated species 

 are low, prostrate shrubs, with grayish green foiinge, 

 and rather large yellow fls. in erect racemes, followed 

 by decorative, reddish pods. They prefer a well-drained 

 soil and sunny position, and are well adapted for bor- 

 ders of shrubberies and sandy or rocky slopes. Prop, 

 by seeds, sown in spring ; the young seedlings should 

 have plenty of light and air, as they are very liable to 



