CALTHA 



CALYPTROGYNE 



223 



strdsa-pleno, Hort. (var. flore-pleno, Hort.). An im- 

 provement on the above : fls. larger, of greater sub- 

 stance, and often much doubled. Very beautiful. 



K. C. DAVIS and J. B. KELLER. 

 CALTEOPS. Trapa. 



CALYCANTHUS (Kalyx and nnthos, flower; the calyx 

 is large and conspicuous). Calycanthacece. CAROLINA 

 ALLSPICE. SWEET-SCENTED SHRUB. Deciduous shrubs 

 of aromatic fragrance : Ivs. opposite, petioled, entire, 

 usually rough above : fls. terminal or axillary, solitary, 

 rather large, with numerous sepals and no distinct petals ; 

 stamens 5-23 : fr. capsule-like, but not dehiscent, like the 

 rose-hip, formed by the calyx tube and containing nu- 

 merous akenes. Six species in N. America and E. Asia. 

 Ornamental shrubs, with rather large, handsome foliage 

 and mostly sweet-scented fls.; they are almost hardy 

 north, except C. occidentalis and C.prcecox. They grow 

 in almost any well drained and somewhat rich soil, and 

 succeed as well in shady as in sunny positions. Prop, by 

 seeds sown in spring; also, increased by layers put down 

 in summer, and by suckers or division of older plants. 



A. Winter-buds without scales, very small: fls. brown, 

 in summer. 



B. Lvs. densely pubescent beneath. 



!16ridus, Linn. Fig. 324. Three-6 ft. : Ivs. oval or 

 broad-ovate, acuminate, dark green above, pale or grayish 

 green beneath, l%-3 in. long : fls. dark reddish brown, 

 fragrant, about 2 in. broad. Va. to Fla. B.M. 503. This 

 species is the most cultivated for its very fragrant fls. 



BB. Lvs. glabrous beneath or nearly so: fls. slightly 

 or not fragrant. 



fertilis, Walt. ( C. ferox, Michx. C. Icevigatus, Willd.). 

 Three-6 ft. : Ivs. usually elliptic or oblong, acute or acu- 

 minate, green beneath, 2-5Kin. long: fls. reddish brown, 

 l^in. broad. Alleghanies. B.R. 6:481. 



glaucus, Willd. Fig. 325. Four-6 ft. : Ivs. usually ovate 

 or oblong-ovate, acuminate, glaucous beneath, 2-4%in. 

 long: fls. reddish or yellowish brown, l%in. broad. Va. 

 to Ga. B.R. 5: 404. Var. oblongifdlius, Nutt., with 

 oblong-lanceolate Ivs. 



occidentalis, Hook. & Am. (C. macrophyllus , Hort.). 

 To 12 ft. : Ivs. usually rounded at the base, ovate or ob- 

 long-ovate, green beneath and sometimes slightly pubes- 

 cent, 4-6 in. long : fls. light brown, 3 in. broad. Calif. 

 B.M. 4808. F.S. 11:1113. R.H. 1854: 341. 



7:617. G.C. III. 11 : 213. - Desirable for temperate regions 

 for its very early, sweet-scented fls. 



The newly introduced C. nitens, Oliv., from China, 

 allied to C. prcecox, has the Ivs. coriaceous, long-acumi- 

 nate, shining and smooth above. ALFRED REHDER. 



AA. Winter-buds with scales: fls. before the Ivs., axil- 

 lary, with 5 fertile stamens. (Chimonanthus .) 

 praecox, Linn. (Chimonanthus fragrans, Lindl.). Lvs. 

 elliptic-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, green and 

 glabrous beneath, 3-5 in. long: fls. very fragrant, 1-1% in. 

 broad, outer sepals yellow, inner ones striped purplish 

 brown. China, Japan. B.M. 466. B.R. 6:451. L.B.C. 



wee 



326. Calypso borealis. 



CALYCOTOME (Kalyx, and tome, a section or cut ; 

 calyx looks as if cut off ) . Leguminbsw. Low, spiny, 

 divaricate shrubs : Ivs. 3-foliolate, deciduous: fls. papilio- 

 naceous, yellow, fascicled or in short racemes ; calyx 

 truncate, obscurely denticulate. Four species in the 

 Mediterranean region, of which two are sometimes culti- 

 vated ; not hardy north. They prefer a sunny position 

 and well drained soil. For prop., see Cytisus. 



villosa, Link. Two-4 ft. : branchlets grayish tomen- 

 tose: leaflets obovate, densely silky beneath, under >ain. 

 long : fls. %in. long, 3 or more, fascicled : pod villous. 

 May, June. It is excellent for dense, low hedges. 



spinosa, Link. Closely allied, but somewhat larger 

 in every part, and with glabrous branchlets and pods : 

 fls. solitary or few. B.R. 32: 55. ALFRED REHDER. 



CALYPSO (from the Greek goddess, whose name sig- 

 nifies concealment ; referring to its rarity and beauty). 

 Orchidacece. One of our rarest and most prized native 

 orchids, a delicate bog-plant, 3-4 in. high, with a small 

 bulb, one roundish or ovate, striated leaf, and one pink 

 flower with a spotted sac. A monotypic genus. For 

 culture, see Calopogon; but more difficult to grow than 

 that plant. 



borealis,*_Salisb. Fig. '326. Leaf an inch wide and 

 long : scape 3-4 in. high, with about 3 sheaths : sepals 

 and petals similar, ascending, lanceolate, acuminate, 

 pink : lip larger than the rest of the fl., with brown 

 spots in lines and purple and yellow markings, woolly- 

 hairy within : column petal-like, ovate, bearing the lid- 

 like anther just below the apex. Maine to Minn, and N. ; 

 also Eu. Abundant in parts of Oregon and Washing- 

 ton. B.M. 2763. 



CALYPTROGYNE (Greek-made name). Palmacece, 

 tribe Arecece. Spineless stoloniferous palms, with short 

 orlongcaudices, ringed below: Ivs. terminal, unequally 

 pinnatisect : segments a few joined together, narrow or 

 broad, falcate, very long-acuminate, plicate ; margin 



