230 



CAMPANULA 



CAMPANULA 



uppermost 1 in. or less : corolla purplish blue, with a 

 white variety, 1 in. long and a little wider. Mts. of Eu. 

 B.M. 551, as C. asurea. It flowers in July and August, 

 after which the stems and Ivs. die down quickly. 



18. Trach^lium, Linn. Pig. 337. Height 2-3 ft. : stem 

 angular, covered with dense, short hairs : Ivs. rough, 

 acuminate, coarsely crenate-dentate ; root- 

 Ivs. cordate, ovate, short-stalked : calyx 

 lobes erect, triangular - acuminate, one- 

 third shorter than the bell-shaped corolla: 

 peduncle 1-3-fld. : fls. erect at first, at 

 length tending to droop, in a loose raceme, 

 which may be 12-18 in. long : capsule 

 nodding. Eu., Caucasus, Siberia, Japan. 

 R.H. 1897, p. 239. 

 There is a double -fld. 

 form. One of the 

 commonest and hardi- 

 est of the border per- 

 ennials, often running 

 out the other Campan- 

 ulas, and hence pass- 

 ing under many 

 especially C. 



names, 

 urticifolia. 



19. 



Linn, 

 stem 

 than 

 Hum 



337. Campanula Trachelium. 



rapunculoides, 

 Height 2-4 ft, : 

 a little rougher 

 in C. Trache- 

 Ivs. rough, 

 ovate-acuminate ; root- 

 lvs. petiolate, cordate, 

 crenulate ; stem - Ivs. 

 serrulate : calyx a lit- 

 tle rougher than in C. 

 Trachelium: lobes lin- 

 ear-lanceolate, at 

 length reflexed, one- 

 fourth shorter than the 

 funnel-formed corolla: 

 fls. solitary, nodding, 

 in long, racemose 

 spikes. Eu., Caucasus, 

 Siberia. 



20. versicolor, Sibth. 

 & Sm. Height 3-4 ft. : 

 plant glabrous : stem 

 ascending : Ivs. ser- 

 rate ; root-lvs. long-petioled, ovate-acute, subcordate ; 

 stem-lvs. short-petioled, ovate-lanceolate, acuminate : 

 calyx-teeth acuminate, spreading, at length reflexed, one- 

 half as long as the corolla : fls. in long, spicate racemes; 

 style exserted : capsule spheroid. Greece. Rare. 



DDD. Inflorescence an open, compound panicle. 



21. divaricata, Michx. Glabrous: height 1-3 ft. : stem 

 erect, slender, paniculate above : branches slender, di- 

 vergent : Ivs. sparse, subsessile, ovate -lanceolate, acu- 

 minate at both end's, coarsely serrate : calyx-lobes awl- 

 shaped, one-half shorter than the tubular, bell-shaped 

 corolla : fls. small, nodding, blue, in a very open and 

 compound panicle; style straight exserted. Alleghanies, 

 from Va. to Ga. Rare in gardens. 



AA. Low-groiving or rock-garden Campanulas, mostly 

 less than a foot high 



B. Calyx with an appendage at the base of each sinus, 

 often minute or disguised in form, 

 c. Throat of corolla spotted violet. 



22. punctata, Lam. (C.ndbilis, Lindl.). Named from 

 the spotted corolla, the purplish spots being inside and 

 showing through faintly in the fresh fl. but more plainly 

 in the dried specimen. Height 1 ft. : stem with longer 

 and looser hairs than in C. alliaricefolia : upper Ivs. 

 nearly sessile, and more sharply toothed than the lower: 

 calyx-lobes one-third as long as the corolla, longer, looser 

 and hairier than in C. alliariai folia , and the margins much 

 more recurved : peduncle 1-4-fld. : fls. nodding; corolla 

 cylindrical, 2% in. long, white, spotted within, strongly 

 ribbed. Siberia, Japan. C. nobilis has been considered 

 distinct. In F. S. 3: 247 the corolla is dark violet with- 

 out, the limb hairy, while in B. M. 1723 (C. punctata) the 



corolla is white outside and not bearded. In F.S. 6: 563 

 (C. nobilis, var. alba) the limb is not bearded and the 

 stem is red, and not hairy. The three pictures show 

 great differences in foliage, pubescence and appendages. 

 This is one of the most interesting of all Campanulas, 

 and is, unfortunately, usually considered more quaint 

 than beautiful. Cannot be used for cutting. The spot- 

 ted throat readily separates it from all Campanulas. 

 See supplementary list for C. Van Houttei, a supposed 

 hybrid. 



cc. Throat of corolla not spotted. 

 D. Stems 1-flowered. 



23. Allidnii, Villars. Height 3-5 in. : rootstock slen- 

 der, creeping underground, sending up stems at inter- 

 vals of %-l in. : Ivs. few, about 7 on a stem, 1-2 in. long, 

 linear-lanceolate, sessile, slightly hairy, entire, midrib 

 distinct, lower ones in a whorl of about 5, upper ones 

 similar but more erect : calyx-lobes lanceolate, half as 

 long as the corolla, the appendages ovate, reflexed, one- 

 third the length of the calyx-lobes : fls. purple, with a rare 

 white variety, only one on a stem, inclined or nodding, 

 1% in. long, and as broad across the mouth, the largest 

 for the size of the plant of any Campanula. A very 

 local species, found only in the Alps of Piedmont and 

 Savoy. B. M. 6588. No white-fld. form is known. Int. 

 into Eng. about 1879 by G. Maw. "It is an excellent 

 rock-plant, and, though requiring plenty of moisture, it 

 should have a well-drained position, and is therefore 

 best grown in a narrow crevice filled with sandy loam 

 and an abundance of small stones and grit." F. W. 

 Meyer. 



DD. Stems several- flowered. 

 E. Margin of corolla bearded. 



24. barbata, Linn. Height 6-9 in. : stein pilose : Ivs. 

 villous, entire or nearly so; root-lvs. tufted, lanceolate; 

 stem-lvs. few, ligulate?: raceme loose, 3-4-fld. : fls. nod- 

 ding, pale blue ; calyx appendage ovate, obtuse, half as 

 long as the lobes ; corolla bell-shaped, shorter than in 

 C. Allionii, and with a bearded mouth. Alps. L.B.C. 

 8:788. Gn. 48, p. 297. -There is a white-fld. form, but ap- 

 parently no purple. Readily fold from C. Allionii by 

 the different colored, bearded and smaller fls., which 

 are rarely borne singly, and by the dense, soft hairs of 

 the stem. Commonest species in the Alps. "In the 

 rock-garden it should be grown in poor, stony soil, as it 

 is apt to become somewhat coarse when grown in rich 

 soil." F. W. Meyer. 



EE. Margin of corolla not bearded. 

 F. Fls. erect. 



25. xudllis, Linn. Perennial : velvety gray : height 

 6-8 in. : stems procumbent, about 2-fld. : root-lvs. tufted, 

 obovate or spatulate ; stem-lvs. ovate or rotund : fls. 

 loosely panicled ; calyx-lobes lanceolate, erect, half 

 shorter than the glabrous, bell-shaped corolla ; appen- 

 dages minute, shorter than the calyx tube ; corolla erect, 

 dark purplish blue or lavender, with a white throat, the 

 tube long, segments short, broad, spreading, acute. 

 Spain, Crete. B.M. 404. Rock or border plant; not adv. 

 in America. 



FF. Fls. nodding. 



26. alpina, Jacq. Height 3-8 in. : stem furrowed : 

 Ivs. smaller than in C. barbata, more narrowly lanceo- 

 late, entire, hairy : fls. typically deep blue, bell-shaped, 

 with broader and shorter segments than in C. barbata : 

 calyx-lobes proportionately very long, surpassing the 

 fl.-bud, and nearly as long as the flower, but widely 

 spreading. Swiss and Austrian Alps. B.M. 957. J.H. 

 III. 29: 5. There is a white-fld. var. Int. into England 

 about 1805 by Loddiges. The plant has a characteristic 

 shaggy appearance from the hairy Ivs. Easy of cult. 



27. Sibirica, Linn. (C. Hbhenackeri, Fisch.). Seta- 

 ceous-pilose : stem erect, simple, panicled above : Ivs. 

 crenulate ; root-lvs. petioled, obovate, obtuse ; stem- 

 lvs. lanceolate -acuminate : calyx hairy, the lobes long- 

 acuminate, a third shorter than the corolla : calyx ap- 

 pendages like the lobes but half shorter and reflexed : 

 fls. 25 or more, violet, with a longer and narrower tube 

 than in C. alpina, and longer divisions of the limb. 

 N. Asia, Caucasus, W. Eu. B.M. 659. R.H. 1861: 431. 

 The type is rare, but var. eximia, Hort., is somewhat 



