CARAGANA 



CARDIANDRA 



243 



BB. Rachis pr*ite*t, *pi*y : pedicels shorter 

 than the fls. 



Chamlagu, Lam. Shrub, 2-4 ft.: spines long: Ifts. 4, 

 in 2 somewhat remote pairs, chartaceous, obovate, emar- 

 ginate or rounded at the 

 apex, glabrous, %-% in. long: 

 fls. solitary, reddish yellow, 

 l%in. long. May. N. China. 



pygmaea, DC. One to 3 

 ft.: spines short, %in.: Ivs. 

 nearly sessile ; Ifts. 4, ap- 

 proximate and almost digi- 

 tate, cuneate, linear-elliptic 

 or linear-lanceolate, gla- 

 brous, %-K in. long: fls. 

 solitary, %in. long, golden 

 yellow. Cauc. to Siber. 

 and Thibet. B. R. 12: 1021. 

 Grafted high on C. arbo- 

 rescens, it forms a graceful, 

 standard tree, with pendu- 

 lous branches. 



grandif!6ra, DC. Similar 

 to the former. Lfts. cuneate- 

 oblong : fls. 1/^in. long ; 

 calyx gibbous at the base. 

 Cauc. Under this name 

 mostly a variety of (7. frutes- 

 cens is cultivated. 



C. Altagdna, Poir.=C. micro- 

 phylla. C. arborescens arend- 

 ria, Hort.=C. microphylla. C. 

 arendria, Dipp.=C. aurantiaca, 

 Koehne. C. arendria, Loud., 

 see C. cuneifolia. C. auranti- 

 dca, Koehne. Allied to C. pyg- 

 masa. Fls. orange-yellow; calyx 

 as long as broad: ovary glabrous. Siber. C. brevisplna,Royle. 

 Spines 2-3 in. long: Ifts. 12-16, pubescent: fls. 2-4, on a common 

 peduncle. Himal. P. F.G. 2: 184. C. cuneifolia, Dipp. ('C. Be- 

 dowskii, Hort.,notDCJ. Probably var. of C. arborescens. Stip- 

 ules spiny: Ifts. small, cuneate ; pedicels shorter, pubescent: 

 seeds brown, spotted black. C. arenaria. Loud. (B. M. 1886), 

 seems to be the same. C. frutex, C. Koch=C. f rutesceiis C. 

 Gerardidna, Royle. Spines l%-2 in. long: stipules large, scari- 

 ous: Ifts. 8-12, densely pubescent: fls. 1-2, short-pedicelled. 

 Himal. C. grdcllis, Hort.= C. pygmaea C. jubdta, Pall. 

 Branches spiny, villous, thick, with rounded Ivs.: stipules 

 large, scarious : Ifts. 8-10, villous beneath : fls. whitish, short- 

 pedicelled. Siber. F.S. 19:2013. L.B.0.6:522. Gt. 10:331. A 

 very distinct and curious looking species; hardy. C. Redbw- 

 skii, Hort., not DC.=cuneifolia, Dipp. C. spinosa, DC. Spines 

 1 in. long: Ifts. 4, rarely more, approximate, cuneate-lanceolate, 

 glabrous: fls. solitary, short-pedicelled. Siber. C. spinosissima, 

 C. Koch = C. spinosa. C. tragacantholdes,Poir. Spiny: Ifts. 

 4-8, cuneate, oblong, pubescent : fls. solitary, short-pedicelled; 

 calyx villous-pubescent. Himal. C. trifldra, Lindl.=C. brevi- 

 spina. C. vulgdris, Hort.=C. arborescens. 



ALFRED REHDER. 



CARAGUATA. By the latest monographer referred 

 to Guzmania, which see. 



CARAMBOLA. See Arerrhoa. 



CARAWAY (Cdrum Cdrui, Linn.). Umbelliferce. 

 A biennial or annual herb grown for its seeds, which 

 are used in flavoring bread, cakes and cheese ; also oc- 

 casionally for the young shoots and leaves, which are 

 eaten. It grows a foot or two high, has finely-cut, pin- 

 nately compound foliage, and small white flowers in 

 umbels. It is of the easiest culture. The seed is usu- 

 ally sown in spring and the crop of seed taken the fol- 

 lowing year. It thrives in any garden soil. The plant 

 occasionally runs wild. See Carum. 



CARBENIA (name of doubtful meaning). Compds- 

 ittf. BLESSED THISTLE. A monotypic genus allied to 

 Centaurea, and distinguished from it botanically by 

 involucre, achenes, pappus and anthers. Its habit in 

 the garden is very different from the Bachelor's But- 

 tons, being thistle-like, and more interesting than orna- 

 mental. A hardy annual, low-growing herb, rough, 

 branching and pilose. Once thought to counteract poi- 

 son. Culture easy. Fit for wild gardens and rockeries. 



benedicta, Adans. (Cdrduus benedictus, Authors. 

 CHECKS benedictiis, Linn. Centaurea benedicta, Linn. ). 

 Fig. 858. Height 2 ft.: Ivs. alternate, sinuate-pinnatifid, 

 the lobes and teeth spiny: fls. terminal, yellow, 1 in. 

 wide. Mediterranean regions and Caucasus. Sometimes 

 cult. ; also rarely seen in waste places of southern Atlantic 

 states and Calif, as a weed adventive from Eu. 



CARDAMINE (Greek name of a cress). Cruciferce. 

 Small perennials growing in low, rich land, blooming in 

 spring or early summer. Petals obovate or spatulate ; 

 pods linear and straight, the wingless seeds in 1 row. 



pratensis, Linn. CUCKOO FLOWER. Plant slender and 

 usually glabrous, 12-20 in., somewhat branched : Ivs. 

 pinnately divided; Ifts. of root Ivs. small and rounded 

 (% in. or less across), those of the upper stem-lvs. ob- 

 long or even linear and entire or somewhat toothed: 

 fls. % in. long, in a corymb, white or rose-color, pretty. 

 Eu. and Amer., in the northern parts. In the gardens 

 it is chiefly known in the double-fld. form, which prob- 

 ably has been obtained from European rather than 

 American sources. There are other forms of it. It is 

 an excellent little plant to grow in moist places, particu- 

 larly along creeks and about springs. It is also useful 

 in drier places, as in rockeries. 



angulata, Hook. Erect, 1-2 ft. high: Ivs. 3-5-folio- 

 late, the Ifts. ovate or oblong and the middle one usu- 

 ally coarsely toothed : fls. rather large, white, in short, 

 few-fld. racemes. Mts. of Ore. and Wash. Int. 1881 by 

 Gillett. 



C. gemmdta, int. by Pilkington, 1892, is evidently Dentaria 

 macrocarpa. L H B 



CARDAMON. See Amomum and Elettaria. 



358. Carbenia benedicta. 



CARDIANDRA (Greek, heart, and man or stamen: 

 alluding to the shape of the anthers). Saxifragdcece. 

 Low deciduous shrub, allied to Hydrangea, with alter- 

 nate, rather large Ivs. : fls. in terminal, loose corymbs, 

 small, those of the margin large, radiant and sterile. 

 One species in S. Japan and China. Tender and suffruti- 

 cose, thriving in any good garden soil ; best in a partly 

 shaded position. Prop, by greenwood cuttings under 

 glass 



alterniidlia, Sieb. & Zucc. 1-3 ft. : Ivs. broadly ellip- 

 tic to elliptic -lanceolate, tapering into a very short 



