CATALPA 



CATTLEYA 



259 



slightly pubescent beneath, while the fls. are more like 

 B. bignonioides, with the inflorescence often twice as 

 long. Originated at J. C. Teas' nursery, at Baysville, 

 Ind., about 20 years ago. G.F. 2:305. Gt. 47:1454.-A 

 very valuable tree, flowering profusely; of rapid growth 

 and hardy. Seedlings usually resemble C. ovata. 



AA. Fls. yellow, striped inside orange and spotted dark 

 violet, about 1 in. in diam. 



ovata, Don (C. Kiempferi, Sieb. & Zucc.). Fig. 385. 

 Tree, to 20 ft. : Ivs. broadly cordate-ovate, abruptly acu- 

 minate, often 3-5-lobed, nearly glabrous at length, with 

 reddish spots in the axils of the veins beneath, 5-8 in. 

 long: panicles many-fld., 4-7 in. long, fragrant. June. 

 China, much cult, in Japan. B.M. 6611. I.H. 9:319.- 

 Hardierthan the American species. 



C. Bungei, C. A. Mey. Allied to C. ovata. Lvs. truncate at 

 the base, long acuminate. 3-5 in. long: fls. large, nearly white, 

 infew-fld. panicles. China. C. Bungei, Hort.=C. bignonoides, 

 var. imua. C. longtssima, Sims. Tree, to 50 ft.: Ivs. oblong- 

 ovate, coriaceous : fls. small, white. W. Ind., often planted as 

 shade tree in Cuba. ALFRED REHDER. 



CATANANCHE (Greek name, referring to ancient 

 custom of using the plant in love-making). Compdsitce. 

 A half dozen annual or perennial herbs of the Medi- 

 terranean region, with the Ivs. crowded at the base of 

 the stem, and linear or lanceolate. Head long-peduncled, 

 blue or yellow. Akene oblong, ribbed and generally vil- 

 lose or setose. Pappus of 5-7 scales. Of easiest culture 

 in any garden soil, particularly if light* Useful for 

 cutting. 



caerulea, Linn. Perennial, 2 ft. : Ivs. tomentose, lanceo- 

 late and few-toothed : fl. -heads 2 in. across, with wide, 

 flat-toothed blue ra}'s, on long, slender stems. Blooms 

 in ,lune, July and Aug. S. Eu. B.M.293. R.H. 1890, p. 

 523. Var. alba, Hort., has white fls. Var. bicolor, 

 Hort., has white margin and blue center. Often used as 

 Everlastings. Prop, by seeds and division. L jj & 



CATASETUM (Greek for downward or backward, 

 and bristle). Orchidacece, tribe Vdndece. Flowers globose 

 or expanded; labellum fleshy; column erect; pollinia 2. 

 Stems short fusiform ; Ivs. plaited, membranaceous ; 

 scapes basal, fls. in racemes; the column provided with 

 sensitive appendages which, when touched, cause the 

 pollen-masses to fly out. There are about 50 or 60 spe- 

 cies in the Amer. tropics, either terrestrial or epiphytic. 

 The fls. are in racemes or spikes, firm in texture, and 

 white or in shades of green, yellow, brown or purple. 

 Catasetums are not much cultivated, since most of the 

 species are not showy, but they are interesting to the 

 botanist and amateur because of the striking ejection of 

 the pollen-masses. Gardeners often have trouble with 

 Catasetums, but they are not difficult to grow if given 

 good care. They need a high temperature, long period 

 of rest, and free supply of water during the growing 

 season. They are grown in both pots and baskets. 

 Readily propagated by dividing the plants at the base; 

 also from very ripe pseudobulbs cut in pieces and 

 put in sand. The genus includes Monachanthus and 

 Myanthus. 



A. Flowers white. 



Bungerdthii, N. E. Brown. Stems 8-9 in. tall ; sepals 

 larger than the petals, nearly 2 in. long; labellum tend- 

 ing toward concave, roundish , appendages thickish. 

 Equador. B.M. 6998. G.C. III. 1:142. I.H. 37:117; 

 34:10. Gn. 33:646. A. F. 6: 633. A striking plant. 



AA. Fls. yellowish, more or less marked with brown 

 or red. 



macrocarpum, Rich. (C. Cldveringi, Lindl. C. triden- 

 tittttlft, Hook.). Fls. large, nearly 3K in. across ; petals 

 and sepals yellow, verging on green, spotted with red- 

 dish brown j labellum yellow. Guiana. B.M. 2559, 3329. 

 I.H. 33:619. 



fimbriatum, Lindl. & Paxt. Pseudobulbs, 2-3 in. long: 

 raceme pendulous, 8- or more-fid.: fls. 234 in. across ; 

 sepals whitish or pale yellow, closely barred with red. 

 Braz. B.M. 7158. A.F. 6:609. 



Iongrif61ium, Lindl. Pseudobulbs deflexed: Ivs. nar- 

 row and glaucous, reaching 3 ft. : fls. on drooping, com- 

 pact spikes ; sepals and petals greenish yellow tipped 



with dull red; lip helmet-like, orange-yellow. Guiana. 

 Epiphyte. 



AAA. Fls. essentially red or brownish. 



decipiens, Reichb. f. Fls. IK in. across ; sepals and 

 petals lanceolate, red-brown and spotted ; lip saccate, 

 yellowish outside and red-brown inside. Venezuela. 

 A.F. 6:609. 



AAAA. Fls. many-colored, grotesque. 



Gn6mus, Andre". Pseudobulb, oblong-ovate and alter- 

 nate, articulated : fls. in a long loose raceme on slender- 

 pedicels ; sepals greenish and purple-barred ; 2 lateral 

 petals spreading, concave, purple ; lip bluntly conical, 

 olive-green spotted outside, ivory white within, fringedi 

 above. S. Amer. I.H. 24:270. A.F. 12:293. 



C. barbatum, Lindl. Fls. green, blotched with purple. Guiana. 

 C. callosum, Lindl. Odd: fls. with chocolate-brown, narrow- 

 lanceolate sepals and petals ; lip greenish, speckled with red. 

 Venezuela. B.M. 4219, 6648. C. Christyanum, Reichb. f. Se- 

 pals and petals usually chocolate ; lip greenish yellow, purple 

 fringed. S. Amer.? G.C. III. 18:617.- C. discolor, Lindl. Fls. 

 purple. An old sort, now rarely seen. Braz. C. Garnettidnum, 

 Rolfe. Allied to C. barbatum : fls. small ; sepals and petals 

 very narrow, green, with large bars of red-brown : lip white, 

 fringed. Amazon. B.M. 7069. C. imperiale, Lind. & Cogn. 

 Sepals and petals ovate-acute, white, purple spotted ; lip orbic- 

 ular-cordate, purple in center and white margined. G.C. Ill; 

 17:329. S.H.I, p. 369. J.H. III. 30:25. G. Lindeni, Cogn. Fls. 

 large (as of C. Bungerothii) ; sepals and petals yellow, with 

 purplish spots and bars; lip yellow, spotted at base. G.C. III. 

 17:329. S.H. 1, p. 369. C. mirdblle, Cogn. Fls. very large, the 

 sepals and petals oblong-lanceolate, and yellowish, with purple 

 spots and bars; lip kidney-shaped, bright yellow with 2 purple 

 spots, toothed. G.C. III. 17:329. S.H. 1, p. 369. C. Scurra, 

 Reichb. f. Compact : fls. fragrant, yellowish white, green- 

 veined; Iip3-lobed. Guiana. G.C. 11.7:304,305. C. splendent* 

 Cogn. Intermediate between C. Bungerothii and C. macrocar- 

 pum: sepals greenish white with purplish center; petals white 

 with many purple spots : lip cream-color, purple-marked. 

 Runs into many forms : Var. album, Lind. & Cogn., white or 

 nearly so. Var. Alicia?, Lind. & Cogn. Fls. large ; sepals and 

 petals purplish ; lip white, toothed. Var. aureo-maculatum. 

 Bossch. Yellow. I.H. 43: 54. Var. atropurpureum, Hort. 

 Blackish purple. C. Warscewtczii, Lindl. & Paxt. From Pan- 

 ama. Now rarely seen. OAKES AMES. 



CATCHFLY. Consult Silene. 

 CATECHU. See Acacia Catechu. 



CATERPILLARS. The worm-like pods of Scorpiurus 

 vermiculdta, Linn., 8. subvillosa, Linn., and others 

 (Leguminbsce) , are sometimes used as surprises in 

 salads and soups ; and for that purpose they are cult, 

 in parts of Europe, and seeds are sold in this country. 

 They are sometimes catalogued as Worms. They are 

 annuals of the easiest culture. The pods of Medicago 

 scutellata, Mill., and others are known as Snails. The 

 pods are not edible. European plants. A.G. 13: 681. 



CATMINT or CATNIP. See Nepeta. 

 CAT-TAIL. Typha. 



CATTLEYA (William Cattley, an early English nat- 

 uralist). Orchiddcece, tribe Epidtndrece . Epiphytes of 

 tropical America. Pseudobulbous : leaf -blades 1-3, cori- 

 aceous: fls. usually terminal, large, fleshy or membrana- 

 ceous ; petals and sepals nearly equal, or the former 

 much broader : labellum cucullate, usually trilobed, 

 proximal part inclosing the fleshy, clavate column, 

 except in C. Aclandice and G. bicolor : pollen masses 4 

 (2 pairs), with short appendages. A genus generally 

 cultivated for its large, showy flowers, which for inten- 

 sity of color have few, if any, equals in the family of 

 orchids. Most of the species do satisfactorily under 

 artificial conditions, although there is an opinion preva- 

 lent that they degenerate or "run out." Naturally, some 

 kinds are difficult to grow, since the horticulturist is 

 not well enough informed concerning their require- 

 ments, but there is no reason why the majority of the 

 species should degenerate if properly treated. The 

 genus Cattley a was founded on C. labiata by John 

 Lindley in 1824. As a genus, it is very closely allied to- 

 Lselia, being distinguished by having two pollinia (4 

 pollen masses), whereas that genus has four (or 8 pollen, 

 masses.) OAKES AMES. 



