CHRYSANTHEMUM 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



311 



Alphabetical list of species of Chrysanthemums de- 

 scribed below (many of these names are more familiar 

 as Pyrethrums): C. achillesefolium, 1; anethifolium, 9; 

 (itrox(i)t(ji(uieum, 10 ; aureum, 4 ; Balsamita, 12 ; Bur- 

 ridtjea mint, 5 ; carinatum, 5 ; cinerariaefolium, 11; coc- 

 cineum, 10; coronarium, 7; corymbosum, 2; Dunnetti,5; 

 fometttoceum, 9; frutescens,8; hybridum,10; Indicum, 

 19 ; Japonicum, 19 ; lacustre, 15 ; latifolium, 15 ; Leu- 

 canthemum, 18; maximum, 16; morifolium, 20; multi- 

 caule, 14: partheni folium, 4 ; Parthenium, 3 ; prtealtum, 

 4; P. roseum, 10; C. segetum, 13; Sinense, 20; tri- 

 color, 5 ; Tchihatchewii, 6; uliginosum, 17; venustum, 5. 



A. Lvs. cut to the midrib or nearly so. 



B. Fls.borne incorymbs, i.e., flat-topped, dense clusters. 



c. Mays yellow. 



1. achilleaefdlium, DC. (Achillea aurea, Lam.). Per- 

 ennial, 2 ft. high: stem usually unbranched, except along 

 the creeping and rooting base : stems and Ivs. covered 

 with fine, soft, grayish white hairs, oblong in outline, 

 about 1 in. long, %in. wide, finely cut: rays 7-8, short, a 

 little longer than the involucre. Siberia, Caucusus. 

 Rare in cult. Less popular than the Achilleas with larger 

 flower clusters. 



cc. Kays white. 

 D. Stems grooved, striate, or angled. 



2. corymbdsum, Linn. Robust perennial, 1-4 ft. high: 

 stem branched at the apex : Ivs. sometimes 6 in. long, 

 3 in. wide, widest at middle and tapering both ways, cut 

 to the very midrib, the segments alternating along the 

 midrib. Eu., N. Africa, Caucasus. G. C. II. 20:201. 

 Rare in cult. Segments may be coarsely or finely cut, 

 and Ivs. glabrous or villous beneath. 



3. Parthenium, Bernh. FEVERFEW. Glabrous per- 

 ennial, 1-3 ft. high : stem usually branched, especially 

 toward the top : flower cluster sometimes very open and 

 loose, especially in cultivation: fls. %in. across, whitish: 

 rays twice as long as the involucre : pappus a minute 

 crown. Naturalized from Eu. and escaped from old gar- 

 dens in Atlantic states. The single form cult, in old 

 physic gardens, and the full double white form com- 

 monly cult, for ornament. Foliage has a strong, bitter 

 odor. The foliage plants commonly advertised under 

 this specific name belong to No. 4. 



DD. Stems not grooved or striated. 



4. praealtum, Vent. (P. partheni folium, Willd. ) . Per- 

 ennial, 6 in. high or more : pubescent, or becoming 



nearly smooth : rays thrice as long as the involucre. Asia 

 Minor, Persia. Var. aureum, Hort. (P. aureum, Hort. ), is 

 the GOLDEN FEATHER commonly used for 

 carpet bedding. It has yellow foliage, 

 which becomes green later in the season, 

 especially if flowers are allowed to form. 



460. Chrysanthemum Burridgeanum (X 

 A popular strain of the summer-flowering annual, C. carinatum. 



461. The Marguerite or Paris Daisy. 

 (Chrysanthemum frutescens.) 



It is used tor edgings. Fig. 459. Var. aureum crispum, 

 Hort., is dwarf, compact, with foliage curled like parsley. 

 Var. selaglnoides and var. laciniatum, Hort., are distinct 

 horticultural forms. Var. glaucum, Hort., has dusty 

 white foliage, and does not flower until the second year. 

 Int. by Damman & Co., 1895. All these varieties are 

 prop, by seeds. This species is considered not distinct 

 from No. 3 by Voss in Vilmorin's Blumengartnerei. 

 BB. Fls. borne singly, on the branches or stems. 

 C. Disk dark purple. 



5. carinatum, Schousb. (C. tricolor, And.). Fig. 460. 

 Glabrous annual, 2 ft. high : stem much branched : Ivs. 

 rather fleshy: fls. about 2 in. across, with typically white 

 rays and a yellow ring at the base. Summer. These two 

 colors together with the dark purple disk gave rise to 

 the name "tricolor." The typical form introduced into 

 England from Morocco in 1798 was pictured in B.M. 508 

 (1799). By 1856 signs of doubling appeared (F. S. 

 11:1099). In 1858 shades of red in the rays appeared in 

 a strain introduced by F. K. Burridge, of Colchester, 

 Eng., and known as C. Burridgedmim, Hort. (see B.M, 

 5095, which shows the ring of red on the rays, adding 

 a fourth color to this remarkably brilliant and varied 

 flower, and F.S. 13:1313, which also shows C. venustum, 

 Hort., in which the rays are entirely red, except the 

 original yellow circle at the base). C. annulatum, Hort., 

 is another name for the kinds with circular bands of red, 

 maroon, or purple (R.H. 1869: 450). C. ZHittfMtti/Hort.. 

 is the name of another seed-grower's strain. There are 

 full double forms in yellow, margined red, and white, 

 margined red, the fls. 3 in. across (see R.H. 1874:410). 

 See, also, Gn. 26, p. 440 ; 10, p. 213, and 21 : 319. R.H. 1874, 

 p. 412. S.H. 2:477. The commonest and gaudiest of 

 annual Chrysanthemums, easily distinguished by the 

 keeled or ridged scales of involucre and the dark purple 

 disk. " Carinatum" means "keeled." 



cc. Disk yellow. 

 D. Height less than 1 ft. 



6. Tchihatchewii, Hort. TURFING DAISY. Densely 

 tufted plant for carpeting dry, waste places. Height 2-9 



