312 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



in.: stems numerous, rooting at the base: foliage dark 

 green, finely cut: fls. borne profusely for several weeks 

 in midsummer : rays white. Siberia or Asia Minor ? 

 R.H. 1869, p. 380 and 1897, p. 470. Gn. 26, p. 443. -Prop, 

 by division of roots or simply by cutting the rooted 

 stems, but chiefly by seeds. This has never been fully 

 described, and it is possible that the Ivs. may not be cut 

 to the midrib or near it. 



DD. Height more than 1 ft. 



E. Plants annual. 



1. coronarium, Linn. (Anthemis corondria, Hort. ). 

 Height 3-4 ft. : Ivs. bipinnately parted, somewhat clasp- 

 ing or eared at the base, glabrous, the segments closer 

 together than in C. carinatum: involucral scales broad, 

 scarious : rays lemon colored or nearly white. July- 

 Sept. Mediterranean. Gn. 26:467. G.C. II. 19: 541.- 

 The full double forms, with rays reflexed and imbricated, 

 are more popular than the single forms. This and C. 

 carinatum are the common " summer Chrysanthemums." 

 This is common in old gardens, and is also slightly used 

 for bedding and for pot culture. 



EE. Plants perennial. 



F. Greenhouse plants, shrubby at the base : stems 

 branched at the top : rays white or lemon. 



G. Foliage not glaucous. 



8. frutescens, Linn. MARGUERITE. PARIS DAISY. 

 Fig. 461. Usually glabrous, 3 ft. high : Ivs. fleshy, 

 green : fls. numerous, always single : rays typically 

 white, with a lemon-colored (never pure yellow or 

 golden) form. Canaries. G.C. II. 13:561. Gn. 12, p. 

 255; 17, p. 5, and 26, p. 445. -Int. into Eng. 1699. This 

 is the popular florists' Marguerite, which can be had in 

 flower the year round, but is especially grown for 

 winter bloom. Var. grandiflorum, Hort., is the large-fld. 

 prevailing form. The lemon-colored form seems to have 

 originated about 1880. Under this name an entirely dis- 

 tinct species has also been passing for about a century, 

 yet it has never been advertised separately in the Amer. 

 trade. See No. 9. 



GG. Foliage glaucous. 



9. anethifblium, Brouss. (C. fwniciilaceum, Steud. 

 P. fceniculdceum,va,r. bipinnatifidum,DC.). GLAUCOUS 

 MARGUERITE. Pig. 462. Rarer in cult, than No. 8 (which 

 see), but distinguished by its glaucous hue and by the 

 way in which the Ivs. are cut. The segments of No. 9 

 are narrower, more deeply cut, and more distant. The 

 Ivs. are shorter petioled. Canaries. The dried speci- 

 men in the Garden Herbarium of Cornell University 



462. Leaves of common and glaucous Marguerites (Chry- 

 santhemum frutescens and anethifolium). 

 Showing the difference. Glaucous kind on the right. 



Experiment Station from a plant long cultivated in 

 Sage conservatories was identified by L. H. B. with the 

 picture in Andrews' Botanical Register 272, published 



early in the century, since when the plant has almost 

 never been mentioned in garden literature. This spe- 

 cies is doubtless cult, in Amer. greenhouses as C '. fru- 

 tescens. A lemon-fid, form 

 is shown in R.H. 1845:61 



^-"-'"li&c^-. but erroneous ly called C. 



&^&Si^ frutescens. 



FF. Hardy herbs : stems 

 usually unbranched : 

 rays white or red, 

 never yellow. 

 G. Foliage not glaucous: 

 fls. sometimes double. 

 10. coccineum, Willd. 

 (Pyrithrum rbseum, Bieb. 



463. Chrysanthemum coc- 

 cineum. 



The familiar Pyrethrum roseum 

 of the gardens. 



464. Costmary or Mint 

 Geranium Chrysanthe" 

 mum Balsamita, var. 

 tanacetoides. 



P. hybridum, Hort.). Fig. 463. Glabrous, 1-2 ft. high: 

 stem usually unbranched, rarely branched at the top : 

 Ivs. thin, dark green, or in dried specimens dark brown: 

 involucral scales, with a brown margin : rays white or 

 red in such shades as pink, carmine, rose, lilac, and 

 crimson, and sometimes tipped yellow, but never wholly 

 yellow. Caucasus, Persia. F.S. 9:917. Gn. 26, pp. 440, 

 443. Gng. 2:7 and 5:309. R.H. 1897, p. 521. Not B.M. 

 1080, which is G. coronopi folium. The first picture of a 

 full double form is R.H. 1864:71. This species is the 

 most important and variable of all the hardy herba- 

 ceous kinds. There have been perhaps 600 named horti- 

 cultural varieties. There is an anemone-fld. form with 

 a high disk. The species is also cult, in Calif, and 

 France for insect powder. C. atrosanguineum, Hort., is 

 said to be a good horticultural variety with dark crim- 

 son fls. 



GG. Foliage glaucous : fls. never double. 



11. cinerariaefolium, Vis. Glaucous, slender, 12-15 in. 

 high : stems unbranched, with a few short, scattered 

 hairs below the fl. : Ivs. long-petioled, silky beneath, 

 with distant segments : involucral scales scarious and 

 whitish at the apex. Dalmatia. B.M. 6781. -The chief 

 source of Dalmatian insect powder. Rarely cult, as a 

 border plant. Ccmmon in botanic gardens. 



