314 



CHRYSANTHEMUM 



CHRYSOGONUM 



18. Leucanthemum, Linn. OX-EYE DAISY. WHITE- 

 WEED. Fig. 467- Glabrous weed, 1-2 ft. high : root-lvs. 

 long-petioled, with a large, oval blade and coarse, 



rounded notches; stem- 

 Ivs. lanceolate, becom- 

 ing narrower toward 

 the top, serrate, with 

 few distant and sharp- 

 er teeth. June, July. 

 Eu., N. Asia. -One of 

 the commonest weeds 

 in the eastern states, 

 being the characteristic 

 plant of New England's 

 worn out meadows. 

 The daisies are never 

 cultivated, but they 

 are often gathered for 

 decoration, and make 

 excellent cut-flowers. 

 See, also, Daisy. 



DD. Hays many-col- 

 ored : fls. often 

 double : the com- 

 mon "Chrysanthe- 

 mums " of the flo- 

 rists. 



19. Indicum, Linn. 

 (C. Japdnicum, 

 Thunb.). The wild 

 plants native to China 

 and Japan are dwarfer 

 than C. mori folium, 

 with Ivs. thinner, more 

 sharply cut, and green 

 on both sides, not glau- 

 cous: involucral scales 

 with wider and more 

 scarious margins : no 

 467. Ox-eye Daisy, or Whiteweed. chaff- fls. smaller, nu- 

 (Chrysanthemum Leucanthemum.) mejous, and with rays 



always yellow and 



short, not much longer than the involucre. For pictures 

 of wild plants, see G. C. III. 8: 565 and G. M. 33:729.- 

 Neither this species nor the next grows wild in India, 

 and the name given by Linnaeus was inappropriate. 

 This species has varied greatly in cultivation, and its 



Srogenyhas been hybridized with that of C. morifolium. 

 either species in its pure form is in cultivation. Un- 

 fortunately, it is not possible to definitely trace the 

 origin of any of the main horticultural types, races or 

 sections. See historical sketch above. C. Indicum is 

 often used in Germany in a wide sense, including G. 



20. morifdlium, Ramatuelle (G. Sintnse, Sabine). The 

 wild plants in Japan and China are more robust than G. 

 Indicum, 2-4 ft. high, more or less tomentose, with 

 very variable Ivs., which are usually ovate in outline, 

 sinuately cut and lobed, thick, firm, leathery, long-peti- 

 oled, and glaucous beneath: fls. larger and fewer, with 

 rays never (?) yellow; involucral scales with narrower 

 scarious margins: chaff present on the disk. This spe- 

 cies was founded upon a cultivated and double form, and 

 there have been different opinions as to the original 

 wild progenitor. The above definition is an enlargement 

 of Hemsley's, in G.C. III. 6: 522. B.M. 327 (erroneously 

 named C. Indicum). Fig. 468 is the original double 

 purple-flowered, partly quilled variety, on which Rama- 

 tuelle, in 1792, founded the species C. morifolium. 



C. inodbrum, Linn.=Matricaria inodora. W. M. 



CHRYSOBACTRON (golden wand, from the Greek). 

 Liliacece. Two New Zealand bulbs, bearing many small 

 yellow fls. in a long raceme on the top of an elongated 

 scape. Plant often dioecious. Very closely allied to 

 Anthericum, with which Baker unites it, whereas 

 Bentham & Hooker refer it to Bulbinella. C. Hodkeri, 

 Colenso, is in cult, in this country. It is a hardy plant 

 2-3 ft. high, with sword-like foliage. B.M. 4602. -Cult, 

 in the ordinary border, and treated like the Asphodel, 

 they do well, but are vastly improved in rich, deep and 



rather moist soil. Strong clumps, 4-6 years old, are 

 then at their best and are very excellent plants. After 

 that they should be divided. Prop, by division or seed. 

 Blooms in June and July. j. Bi KELLER and L. H. B. 



CHRYSOBALANUS (golden acorn, from the Greek, 

 referring to the fruit). Rosacece. Two species in the 

 warm parts of Amer. and Afr. The COCOA PLUM, C. 

 Icaco, Linn., grows on coasts and along streams in S. 

 Fla., in south to S. Amer., and also in Afr. It is some- 

 times planted in the extreme south (and in the tropics) 

 as an ornamental shrub and for its sweetish but insipid 

 and dry plum-shaped fruits. The Cocoa Plum is a mere 

 bush on the northern limits of its distribution, but in 

 extreme S. Fla. it reaches a height of 25-30 ft. It has 

 glossy, thick obovate (sometimes obcordate) Ivs.: fls. 

 small and white, in axillary, erect racemes or cymes ; 

 calyx 5-cleft, pubescent ; petals 5 ; stamens about 20 : 

 fr. 1-seeded, often 1 in. in diam., varying from nearly 

 white to almost black. It is best propagated by seeds, 

 but may also be had from cuttings of half -ripened wood. 



L. H. B. 



CHRYSOCOMA. See Linosyris, for the only species 

 in the American trade. 



468. The famous "old purple" 



Chrysanthemum . 



One of the epoch-making large- 

 flowering forms of C. morifolium. 

 From the original picture in The 

 Botanical Magazine for Feb. 1, 

 1796, plate 327. 



CHKYSODIUM. See Acrostichum. 



CHRYSOGONUM (Greek-made name, golden knee or 

 joint). Compdsitw. C. Virginianum, Linn., is a peren- 

 nial yellow-fld. plant of S. Penn. and south, which is 

 sometimes cult, as a border plant. It blooms in spring 

 or early summer on stems which become 1 ft. high, the 



