CYDONIA 



CYMBIDIUM 



427 



trees, sometimes spiny : Ivs. petioled, deciduous or 

 semi-persistent, alternate, stipulate, serrate or entire : 

 Us. white or red. rather large, solitary or in few-fld. 

 clusters: petals r, ; stamens numerous: fr. aromatic, a 

 larire .Veiled pome, each cell containing many seeds. 

 Four species in Asia from Turkestan to Jap. Ornamen- 

 tal shrubs, nearly hardy north except V. Sinensis, 

 whirh can only be grown south. <". ,/<,/>""' and Mau- 

 h'i. with handsome glossy foliage and abundant fls. 111 

 early sprint?, varying in all shades from pure white to 

 deep scarlet, are highly decorative, and especially 

 adapte.l lor borders of shrubberies and for low ornamen- 

 tal hedges. The fr. of all species can be made into con- 

 serves, but usually only ('. vulgaris,* species of less 

 decorative value, "is grown for this purpose. The 

 Quinces thrive in almost any soil, but require sunny 

 position to bloom abundantly. Prop, by seeds usually 

 stratified and sown in spring; C. Japonica and C. 

 Hid tt I t-i are readily increased by root-cuttings made in 

 fall or early spriuV, and rarer kinds or less vigorous* 

 growing varieties are grafted in the greenhouse in early 

 spring, on stock of the Japanese or common Quince; 

 they grow also from cuttings of half -ripened or nearly 

 mature wood, under glass and from layers. C. rulgaris 

 (the Quince) is mostly increased by cuttings of 1-4- 

 year-old wood, taken in* fall and stored until spring in 

 sand or moss in a cellar or frame; also by layers and 

 budding, or by grafting on vigorous growing varieties. 

 See Qnina . 



A. Fls. solitary, on short leafy branchlets, with re- 

 flexed serrate calyx lobes: stipules small. (Cydo- 

 H ia proper. ) 



vulgaris, Pers. (Pyrus Cydonia, Linn.). QUINCE. 

 Fig. 630. Shrub or small tree, with slender, spineless 

 branches: Ivs. oval or oblong, rounded or slightly cor- 

 date at the base, acute, entire, villous-pubescent be- 

 neath. 2-4 in. long: fls. white or light pink, 2 in. across : 

 fr. large, yellow, villous, pyriform or globular. May. 

 Cent, and" E. Asia. Var. Lusitanica, Mill., is of more 

 vigorous growth, with larger Ivs. and fr. pear-shaped 

 and ribbed. Var. malifbrmis has apple-shaped, and var. 

 pyrifdrmis pear-shaped fr. Var. marmorata, Hort., has 

 whitish and yellow variegated Ivs. See also Quince. 



Sin6nsis, Thouin (Pyrus Cathay ens is,Hemsl.). Shrub 

 or small tree: Ivs. elliptic-ovate or elliptic-oblong, acute 

 at both ends, sharply and finely serrate, villous beneath 

 when young, 2-3 in. long : fls. light pink, about l%in. 

 across : fr. dark yellow, oblong, 4-6 in. long. May. 

 China. B.R, 11:905. R.H. 1889:228. A.G. 12: 16. -The 

 Ivs. assume a scarlet fall coloring. Not hardy north of 

 Philadelphia, except in favored localities. See Quince. 



635. Twig of Common Quince 



Cydonia vulgaris (X %). 

 Showing where the fruit was borne at A and "B. 



AA. Fls. in leafless clusters, nearly sessile,, before or 

 with the Ivs.: calyx lobes erect, entire : stipules 

 large. (Chcenomeles.) 



Jap6nica, Pers. (Pyrns Japdnica, Thunbg. Chceno- 

 meles Japdnica, Lindl.). JAPAN QUINCE. JAPONICA. 

 Fig. 637. Shrub, 3-6 ft. , with spreading, spiny branches : 

 Ivs. ovate or oblong, acute, sharply serrate, glabrous, 

 glossy above, 1X-3 in. long: fls. in 2-6-fld. clusters, 

 scarlet-red in the type, l%-2 in. across: fr. globular or 



ovoid, 1/^-2 in. high, yellowish green. March, April. 

 China, Jap. R.B. 1:260. L.B.C. 16:1594. Gn. 50:106.- 

 Many garden forms in all shades from white to deep 

 scarlet, and also with double fls. Some of the best are 

 the following : Var. alba, Lodd., fls. white, blushed. 

 L.B.C. 6:541. Var. atroeanguinea plena, deep scarlet, 



--v. tot:* 1 



637. Cydonia Japonica (X%). 



double. Var. Candida, pure white. Var. cardinalis, deep 

 scarlet. R.H. 1872:330 f. 1. Var. Gaujardi, salmon- 

 orange. Var. grandiflora, nearly white, large fls. R.H. 

 1876:410. Var. Mallardi, fls. rose, bordered white. Var. 

 pendula, Hort., with slender, pendulous branches. Var. 

 rdsea plena, rose, semi-double. Var. rtibra grandiflora, 

 fls. large, deep crimson. Var. sangninea plena, scarlet, 

 double. Var. umbilicata, with rose-red fls., and large 

 frs. umbilicate at the apex. 



Maulei, Nichols. (Pyrus Maulei, Mast. Chcenomeles 

 alplna, Koehne). Low shrub, 1-3 ft.: branches spiny, 

 with short, rough tomentum when young: Ivs. round- 

 ish oval to obovate, obtuse or acute, coarsely crenate- 

 serrate, glabrous, 1-2 in. long: fls. bright orange-scarlet, 

 1-1% in. across : fr. yellow, nearly globular, about 1% in. 

 across. March, April. Jap. B.M. 6780. G.C. II. 1:757 

 and 2:741. A very desirable hardy shrub, with abun- 

 dant fls. of a peculiar shade of red. Var. alpina, Rehder 

 (Chcenomeles Japdnica, var. alplna, Maxim. Cyddnia 

 Sdrgenti, Lem. ). Dwarf spiny shrub, with procumbent 

 stems and ascending branches : Ivs. roundish oval, %-l 

 in. long: flowering and fruiting profusely. Var. superba, 

 Hort. Fls. deeper red. Var. tricolor, dwarf shrub, with 

 pink and white variegated Ivs. ALFRED REHDER. 



CYMBlDIUM (boat, from the Greek, referring to the 

 shape of the lip). Orchiddcece, tribe Vdndece. Plants 

 epiphytal, rarely terrestrial, stems pseudobulbous or 

 not so: leaves coriaceous, long, rarely short, persistent: 

 sepals and petals sub-equal, labellum usually tri-lobed, 

 adnate to the base of the column; column erect; pollinia 

 2. Species, tropical, sub-tropical, found on mountains at 

 high elevations in Asia. A few species are found in Af- 

 rica and Australia. For horticultural purposes this 

 genus is of comparatively little value. QAKES AMES. 



No difficulty will be experienced in growing the several 

 species of Cymbidium under one method of treatment. 

 A shaded position in the Mexican house or cool end of the 

 Cattleya department, where the temperature ranges be- 

 tween 50 and 55 Fahr. at night and about 65 or with sun 

 heat 70 through the day will be found suitable. During 

 the warm summer months they must be kept shaded in 

 a cool, moist atmosphere with a free circulation of air. 

 As they are robust growing plants, pot culture will suit 

 them best, but those with pendulous inflorescence, such 

 as C. Findlaysoniamim , C. pendulum, etc., may be 

 grown in baskets if desired. Repotting and top-dress- 

 ing should be attended to in soring at the commence- 



