DEABA 



DRACAENA 



503 



BB. Plantx perennial, 

 c. Leaves rigid. 



Mawii. Hook. Forming low, densely tufted, bright 

 green patches : stem much branched, densely clothed 

 with spreading, rosulate Ivs. : Ivs. linear-oblong, ob- 

 tuse, bristly, with a prominent midrib below: scape very 

 short, woolly, 2-4-fld., very short-pedicelled : petals 

 thrice as large as the sepals, obcordate, white: pods el- 

 lipsoid, compressed. Spain. B.M. 6186. 

 cc. Lvs. not rigid. 



Fladniz6nsis, Wulf (D. nivalis, DC. D. Lappdnica, 

 Willd.). Lvs. oblong-linear to lanceolate, ciliate : pods 

 elliptic-oblong to ovate-lanceolate, not hairy. Arctic re- 

 gions. According to De Candolle, these three names 

 were distinct species. 



A A A. Fls. rose or purple. 



Pyrenaica, Linn. Height 2-3 in. : Ivs. inversely wedge 

 shaped, 3-lobed at apex: fls. white at first, changing to 

 rosy pink. May. Pyrenees. B.M. 713. Said to be 

 easily prop, by cuttings. 



violacea, DC. Lvs. obovate-oblong, obtuse, equally 

 woolly on both sides : scapes leafy: petals obovate, 

 dark purple. Andes of Equador at elevations of 13,000- 

 15,000 ft. B.M. 5650. w. M. 



DRAC2ENA (female dragon; the dried juice supposed 

 to resemble dragon's blood). Liliacece. A genus of 

 tropical plants of which but few are in cultivation. They 

 are all woody, often arborescent, with sword-shaped or 

 broad Ivs., mostly crowded at the summit of the stem: 

 fls. clustered in panicles or heads, greenish white or yel- 

 lowish ; perianth salver-form or companulate ; lobes 

 spreading; stamens 6: fr. a 3-celled berry. Differs from 

 Cordyline in having larger fls., and solitary instead of 

 many ovules in each cell of the ovary. All ornamental 

 stove plants, frequently with variegated Ivs. See Baker, 

 Journ. Linn. Soc., vol. 14, for a monograph of the genus. 

 Dracaena Draco, of the Canaries, is the Dragon Tree. It 

 reaches a height of 30-60 ft., branching when of great 

 age. The Dragon Tree of Teneriffe, famous for centuries, 

 is 70 ft. high, and one of the oldest of known trees. 



Some American trade names not referable to species 

 aie : alba-marginata, argenteo-striata, DeSmetiana, 

 ISlizabethice , Frederica, Hendersoni, imperator, Sal- 

 tionea, Alexandria, recurva, spectabilis. See Cordy- 

 line for other names not found in this article; also for 

 culture. D. Nova-Caledonica is probably Cordyline Neo- 

 Caledonica, Linden, with bronze Ivs. 



The following is a key to the cultivated species of 

 both Dracaena and Cordyline, based upon the Ivs. : 

 A. Lvs. long and sword-shaped, sessile. 



B. Glaucous beneath, 2-5 in. wide. C. indivisa. 

 BB. Both faces similar, narrower. 



c. Of mature plants quite narrow (6-15 lines 



broad). C. stricta. 



cc. Of mature plants broader (1-2 in.). 

 D. Margins green. 



Glaucous green, costate, l%-2 ft. 



by 15-21 lines. D. Draco. 

 Green, costate, undulate below, 

 2-3% ft. by l%-2 in. D. um- 

 braculifera. 

 Green, costa obscure, 3-4 ft. by 



13-18 lines. C. australis. 

 DD. Margins white-pellucid. D. Hook- 



eriana. 

 AA. Lvs. oblanceolate, broadly petioled or sessile. 



B. 3-4 in. by l%-2 in., opposite or whorled. D. 



Godseffiana. 



BB. 12-15 in. by 18-21 lines, alternate. C. rubra. 



BBB. l%-3 ft. by 2%-4 in., alternate. D. fragrans. 



AAA. Lvs. ovate, lanceolate, or elliptical, petioles narrow. 



Lvs. 4-8 in. by 2-2% in., oblong-falcate, green. 



C. Haageana. 



Lvs. 7-8 in. by 4-5 in., oblong, white-spotted. 



D. Goldieana. 



Lvs. 7-10 in. by %-!% in., lanceolate, white- 

 margined. D. Sanderiana. 



Lvs. 10-18 in. by 1-3% in., elliptical. C. termi- 

 nal! s. 

 The following Dracaenas are in the American trade: 



Boerhavii, 1; Draco, 1; fragrans, 4; Godseffiana, 7; 

 Goldieana, 5; Hookeriana, 3; Knerkii, 4; latifolia, 3; 

 Lindeni, 4; Massangeana, 4; Rothiana, 4; Sanderiana, 6; 

 umbraculifera, 2. 



1. Draco, Linn. DRAGON TREE. Arborescent (60 ft. 

 high), branched : Ivs. very numerous, crowded, sword- 

 shaped, erect or the outer recurved ( l%-2 ft. x 15-21 in. ) , 

 scarcely narrowed below, long-attenuate at the apex, 

 glaucous-green: pedicels 3-6 lines long: bracts minute, 

 lanceolate : perianth 4 lines long, greenish; filaments 

 flat: berries orange. Canary Isl. B.M. 4571. R.H. 

 1869, p. 416; 1880, p. 196. G.C. II. 14: 749. -Fine for con- 

 servatory. D, Boerhavii, Tenore, is a garden form, 

 with elongated Ivs. all recurved. 



2. umbraculifera, Jacq. Arborescent (3-10 ft. high), 

 simple : Ivs. very numerous, crowded, sword-shaped 

 (2-3% ft. x l%-2 in. ) , outer recurved, all green and shin- 

 ing, attenuate at the apex, scarcely narrowed toward the 

 conspicuously undulate base, costa distinct on both 

 faces: pedicels 4-6 in. long: bracts minute, deltoid: 

 perianth large, 2 in. long, white, tinged with red ; fila- 

 ments filiform. Mauritius. L.B.C. 3:289. 



3. Hookeriana, Koch. Trunk 3-6 ft. high, sometimes 

 branched : Ivs. numerous, densely clustered, sword- 

 shaped (2-2% ft.xl%-2 in.), outer reflexed, all long at- 

 tenuate at the apex, scarcely narrowed below, margin 

 white-pellucid, lower face concave, indistinctly costate 

 beneath: bracts l%-3 in. long, white: pedicels 3-4 in. 

 long; perianth greenish, 12-15 in. long; filaments fili- 

 form: berries orange. Cape Good Hope. D, latifolia, 

 Regel, is a horticultural variety, with Ivs. 3-3% in. 

 wide. G.C. 20:305 (var. latifdlia). B.M. 4279 as Cordy- 

 line Rumphii. 



4. fragrans, Ker-Gawl. (Aletris fragrans, Linn. San- 

 seviera fragrans, Jacq.). Arborescent (20 ft. high or 

 more), sometimes branched: Ivs. (l%-3 ft.x2%-4 in.), 

 sessile, oblanceolate, lax and spreading or recurved, 

 flaccid, green and shining, acute, indistinctly costate : 

 bracts minute, scarious, deltoid: pedicels 1-1% in. long: 



733. Dracaena fragrans, var. Lindeni. 



fls. glomerate ; perianth 6-8 in. long, yellow : berry 

 orange-red. Guinea. B.M. 1081. A.G. 18:389. F.R, 

 4:189. Much used for greenhouse and table decoration. 

 D. Knerkii, Hort. Form with glossy light green, less 

 pendulous Ivs. D. Rothiana, Hort. A garden form. I.H. 

 43, p. 97. R.H. 1877, p. 68. Var. Lindeni, Hort. (D. Lin- 

 deni, Hort.). Fig. 733. Lvs. recurved, traversed from 

 base to apex by creamy white bands. Very decorative. 

 I.H. 27:384. F.R. 4:19i. Var. Massangeana, Hort. (D. 

 Massangeana, Hort.). A broad, yellow stripe along 

 the center of the leaf throughout its entire length- 

 F.R. 4:193. 



