FRAXINUS 



FRAXINUS 



607 



mant until the second year. The varieties and rarer 

 kinds are budded in late summer or grafted in spring 

 on the seedlings of any of the common species. About 

 40 species in the temperate region of the northern hemi- 

 sphere south to Cuba; about 15 of the species grow in 

 N. Amer. and nearly as many in E. Asia. Trees or 

 shrubs, with odd-pinnate, rarely simple, opposite Ivs. 

 without stipules : fls. in panicles, dioecious or polyga- 

 mous, with or without calyx or with calyx and a 2-6- 

 parted corolla with generally linear segments; stamens 

 generally 2 : ovary 2-celled : fr. a 1-seeded, winged 



866- Fraxinus excelsior (X %). 



A. Fls. ic Uli calyx and corolla perfect or polygamous. 



(Subgenus Ornus.) 

 B. Winter-buds gray. 



^ 1. Ornus, Linn. (F. floribunda, Hort., not Wall.). 

 Small tree, becoming 25 ft. : Ifts. generally 7, stalked, 

 Dblong-ovate or ovate, irregularly serrate, rufously pu- 

 ;oescent on the midrib beneath, 2-3> in. long : fls. 

 isvhitish, fragrant, in dense, terminal panicles 3-5 in. 

 long : fr. erect, narrow-oblong, truncate or emarginate 

 it the apex, about 1 in. long. May, June. 8. Eu., W. 

 \sia. Gn. 48, p. 286. -Var. latifdlia, Ait. (F. rotundifolia, 

 Hort., not Lam.). Lfts. roundish ovate or broadly 

 yvate-oblong. 



2. Bungeana, DC. Small tree, to 15 ft., or shrub: 

 s. generally 5, stalked, ovate, obovate or roundish, 

 )btuse to short-acuminate, serrate, glabrous, 1-lJ^in. 

 ong : panicles to 2% in. long, many-fld. fr. narrow-ob- 

 ong, obtuse or emarginate. May. China. G.F. 7:5. 

 Par. parvifolia, Dipp. Lfts. about 1 in. long, broadly 

 'hombic or roundish. 



39 



BB. Winter-buds brown or nearly black. 



C. Corolla divided to the base : stamens with rather 



long filaments. 



3. longicuspis, Sieb. & Zucc. Slender tree, to 30 ft., 

 with rufously pubescent winter-buds: Ifts. 5-7, stalked, 

 oblong-lanceolate, long-acuminate, obtusely serrate, al- 

 most glabrous, 2-4 in. long : fls. in rather slender, nar- 

 row panicles, to 4 in. long ; petals linear, acute : fr. ob- 

 lanceolate. May. Japan. 



4. Sieboldiana, Blume. Small tree : winter-buds 

 mostly glabrous and often almost black : Ifts. 5-7, al- 

 most sessile, elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 serrate, usually pubescent along the midrib beneath, 

 2-4 in. long : panicles like the former ; petals linear- 

 spatulate, obtuse : fr. oblanceolate. May. Jap., Corea. 



5. pubin6rvis, Blume. Small tree : Ifts. 7-11, ovate or 

 ovate-oblong, acute or acuminate, serrate, pubescent on 

 the veins beneath, l>a-4 in. long : panicles less narrow 

 than in the former : petals small and caducous. Jap. 

 Probably F. serratifolia, Hort., belongs here. 



CO. Corolla with short tube : anthers almost sessile. 



6. cuspidata, Torr. Shrub or small tree, to 20 ft., 

 with dark, reddish brown buds : Ifts. usually 7, slender 

 stalked, lanceolate or oblong-lanceolate, acuminate, 

 coarsely serrate, almost glabrous, l>-2 in. long : fls. 

 fragraiit, in 3-4-in. long panicles : fr."spatulate-oblong. 

 April. Texas to Arizona and N. Mex. S.S. 6:260. 

 Handsome flowering tree for temperate regions. 



AA. Fls. without corolla, appearing before the Ivs. 



B. Fls. dioecious^ with the calyx per- 

 sistent on the fr.: anthers lin- 

 ear or linear-oblong : Ifts. gen- 

 erally 5-7: buds brown. (Sub- 

 genus Leptalix.) 



c. Fr. oblanceolate or lanceolate. 

 D. Brandies and petioles glabrous. 

 7. Americana, Linn. (F. Nbvce- 

 AnglifK, Mill. F. alba, Marsh.). 

 WHITE ASH. Fig. 867. Tall tree, to 

 120 ft.: Ifts. generally 7, stalked, 

 ovate to ovate-lanceolate, entire or 

 denticulate, dark green above, glau- 

 cous beneath, 3-5 in. long : fr. 



S^X linear-oblong, with terete body, 

 ^"^- the wing not decurrent, 1% in. 

 long. From Canada to Fla., 

 west to Minnesota and Texas. 



S.S. 6:268. Em. 377. -Very variable. Var. acuminata, 

 Wesm. (F. acuminata, Lam. F. epiptera, Michx. F. 

 Americana, var. glauca, Hort.). Lfts. dark green and 

 shining above, very glaucous and almost glabrous be- 

 neath, entire. Var. juglandifolia, Rehd. ( F. 

 Juglandifolia, Lam.). Lfts. less shining 

 above, usually broader, more or less pubes- 

 cent beneath, serrate at least above the 

 middle. This is the northern form, while 

 the former is more common in the southern 

 states. Var. albo-marginata, Hort. Lfts. 

 edged white. 



8. lanceolata, Borkh. (F. viridis, Michx. 

 in part. F. Pennsylvdnica, var. lanceolata. 

 Sarg.). GREEN ASH. Tree, to 60 ft.: Ifts. 

 5-9, short-stalked, ovate to oblong-lanceo- 

 late, irregularly serrate, green on both 

 sides, almost glabrous, 2-5 in. long : fr. 

 oblanceolate, with decurrent wing, hence 

 body margined, about \Yz in. long. Canada 

 to Fla., west to Rocky Mts. S.S. 6:272. 



DD. Branches, petioles and Ivs. beneath 



pubescent, at least ivhen young. "or'ke'of 1 



9. Pennsylvania, Marsh. (F. pubtscens, Fraxinus 

 Lam.). RED ASH. Tree, to 60 ft. : Ifts. 5-9, Americana, 

 stalked, ovate to oblong-lanceolate, acumi- Nat. size, 

 nate, crenately serrate or entire, pubescent 

 beneath, 3-6 in. long: fr. linear-spatulate, about 2 in. 

 long, with somewhat decurrent wing. Canada to Fla., 

 west to Dakota and Mo. S.S. 6:271. -Var. aucubaefolia, 

 Hort. Lvs. blotched yellow, less pubescent. Var. Bosci, 



