GLADIOLUS 



GLAUCIUM 



649 



CCC. Under- or body-color essentially yellow. 

 19 dracocephalus, Hook. f. Stem stout, 2 ft. or less: 

 [ VS . 3_4, rather firm: fls. 3-6, of medium size, yellowish 

 ereen, the tube (2 in. or less long) curved; upper seg- 

 ments elliptic-obovate and more or less hooded, yellow- 

 ish and closely striate with purple, the other segments 

 much smaller and reflexing, mostly green and purple 

 spotted. B.M. 5884. -Odd. 



20. psittacinus, Hook. (G. Natalensis, Reinw. ). Stem 

 3 ft. high, stout : Ivs. about 4, rather rigid : fls. many 

 'and large, with a curved tube nearly or quite 2 in. long, 

 rich yellow but thickly grained and overlaid with red 

 ((particularly about the margins of the segments); up- 

 'per segments obovate and hooded, the lower much 

 Ismaller and reflexing. B.M. 3032. B.R. 17:1442. L.B.C. 

 '18:1756. One of the leading parents of garden Gla- 

 dioli. 



21. purpureo-auratus, Hook. f. Stem 3-4 ft., very 

 slender : Ivs. 3-4, short: fls. 10 or more, primrose-yel- 

 low, medium in size, the curved tube less than 1 in. long; 

 segments obovate, not widely spreading, the lower ones 

 with a purple blotch. B.M. 5944. G.F. 2:89. Hand- 

 some. A parent of modern Gladioli. 



cccc. Under- or body -color white. (Forms of JYo. 15 

 may be sought here.) 



22. blandus, Ait. Stem 2 ft. or less tall : Ivs. usually 

 4: fls. few, white and red-tinged, the curved tube IK in. 

 long; segments all oblong or oblong-spatulate and flar- 

 ing or recurved, some of them red-marked in the throat. 

 Variable. Sometimes pure white (B.M. 648), and some- 

 times flesh-color (B.M. 645). An old garden plant. 



23. floribiindus, Jacq. Stem short (1 ft. ), producing 

 fls. from near its base : Ivs. usually 4 : fls. 12 or less, 

 large, white tinged with pink, the slightly curved tube 

 2 in. or less long; segments obovate or spatulate, ob- 

 tuse, wide-flaring, red-lined. B.M. 610. 



24. oppositifldrus, Herb. Much like the last, but fls. 

 more numerous and smaller, in a distichous (or 2-sided) 

 spike, white, sometimes marked with rose. B.M. 7292 

 G.C. III. 13:291. Gn. 45:963. A very handsome plant 

 growing 3-6 ft. high, and producing spikes 2 ft. long. 



25. Milleri, Ker-Gawl. Stem 12-20 in. : Ivs. about 4 : 

 fls. rather large, 4-5, nearly erect, milk-white, the tube 

 2 in. or less long and nearly straight; segments oblong 

 and nearly acute. B.M. 632. 



II. Hybrids. The garden Gladioli are hybrids of va- 

 rious kinds and degrees. Of many, the parentage .is so 

 confused that it cannot be made out. However, there 

 are four main lines of development or divergence, rep- 

 resented in the late-flowering Gandavensis, Lemoinei 

 and Nanceianus, and the early-flowering Colvillei. An 

 important article on the hybridizing of Gladioli, by 

 Robert T. Jackson, will be found in G. P. 2:88. -Some of 

 the points of merit of the modern Gladiolus are : good 

 constitution; good substance or texture of flower; bril- 

 liancy and definiteness of color; large size; long spikes 

 (20-25 blooms). 



26. Colvillei, Sweet (G. cardlnalis x tristis). Fls. 

 open or flaring, with oblong-acute segments, scarlet, 

 with long blotches at the base of the lower segments : 

 early-flowering : spikes short. Hardy south of Wash- 

 ington with some protection. R.H. 1895, p. 289. G.C. 

 111.12:90. Gn. 28:520; 34:680; 50, p.66.-The oldest of 

 the garden forms. 



Runs into many types and strains. The modern 

 white-flowered type, represented by The Bride, is best 

 known in this country. Small forms are known as G. 

 nanufi. Some forms are known as G. floribundus. 



Another form of early-flowering Gladioli is known as 

 ?. ramdsus, Paxt. (issue of G. cardinalis and oppositi- 

 ttorus), but it is probably no longer possible to dis- 

 tinguish these two groups. 



'27. Gandavensis, Van Houtte (G. psittacinus x cardi- 

 nal is}. Fig. 913. Upper segments nearly or quite hori- 

 zontal or hooded, the colors in bright shades of red and 

 red-yellow, variously streaked and blotched : late-flow- 

 ering : spikes long. The commonest old-time type of 

 garden Gladiolus. F.S. 2:84 (1846). R.H. 1846:141. 

 P.M. 11:27. -First offered to the trade by Van Houtte, 

 Aug. 31, 1841. M. Souchet, of Fontainebleau, France, 



did much to improve the Gandavensis type by repeated 

 selections and breeding. By Herbert and some others, 

 Gandavensis is considered to be an offspring of G. 

 psittacinus x oppositiflorus. C. Brenchley&nsis is one 

 of the Gandavensis tribes. 



28. Lemdinei, Hort. (G. Gandavensis x purpureo- 

 auratus). Fig. 914. A modern race characterized by 

 highly colored yellow, red and purplish fls., purple- 

 blotched on the lower segments, with 

 a more or less bell-shaped form of 

 corolla the segments broad and heavy 

 and the upper ones horizontal or 

 strongly hooded. Grown by M. Le- 

 moine, Nancy, France, and first shown 

 at the Paris* Exhibition of 1878. Gn. 

 17:226; 30:554. R.H. 1879:330. 



914. Gladiolus Lemoinei (on the right), and G. Nanceianus. 



29. Nanceianus, Hort. (G. Lemoinei x G. Saundersii). 

 Fig. 914. Robust, with very large, open-spreading fls., 

 the two side segments widely flaring and sometimes 

 measuring 6-8 in. from tip to tip ; upper segment long 

 and upright. First exhibited by Lemoine, the raiser, in 

 1889. The finest race, characteristically is full-open and 

 large fls., in brilliant shades of red and purple. Gn. 

 41:846. G.C. III. 13:131. 



30. Childsii (G. Gandavensis x Saundersii). Fls. 

 similar to G. Lemoinei in shape and color. Originated 

 by Max Leichtlin, Germany. 



31. Froebeli, Hort., is G. Gandavensis x G. Saun- 

 dersii, var. superbus. 



32. Turic6nsis, Hort., is of like parentage. G.F. 3:89. 

 This and the last are the work of Froebel &Co., Zu- 

 rich. They are of recent origin. L jj^ B. 



GLAD WIN. Iris fwtidissima. 



GLASS. The important subject of greenhouse glass 

 is treated under Greenhouse Glass. 



GLASSHOUSE. Any glass structure in which plants 

 are grown, particularly one which is large enough to 

 admit the operator. It is a generic term. See Green- 



GLASSWOBT. Salicornia. 



GLAUCIUM (name refers to glaucous foliage). Pa- 

 paveracece. HORNED POPPY. A dozen or more herbs of S. 

 Eu. and W. Asia; annuals, biennials or occasionally per- 



