718 



HEDYSABUM 



with red, fragrant fls., crowded in axillary spikes or 

 racemes: Ivs. with 3-7 pairs of elliptic or roundish, 

 somewhat pubescent Ifts. Eu. Var. Album, Hort., has 

 white fls. 



AA. Fls. normally purple (varying to white). 



multijugum, Maxim Hardy perennial of angular, 

 straggling growth, 2-5 ft. high, very showy, and worthy 

 of general cult. Fls. violet or purplish magenta, with 

 yellow blotches, in racemes 8-18 in. long, all summer: 

 Ivs. 4-6 in. long, containing 6-12 pairs of grayish green 

 oval, small Ifts. Mongolia. Gn. 53: 1170. G.C. III. 18:8, 

 9. -Of recent introduction. Very fine for rockwork. 



boreale, Nutt. (H. Americanum, Britt.). Erect or 

 half-decumbent herb, simply or nearly so, 1-3 ft.: Ifts. 

 5-10 pairs, glabrous, oblong or oblanceolate: fls. violet- 

 purple, varying to white, the calyx teeth ovate-acute and 

 shorter than the tube. Labrador and northern N. Eng- 

 land across the continent. 



Mack6nzii, Richards. Much like the last, but some- 

 what pubescent: fls. larger, calyx teeth awl-like and 

 acuminate, and longer than the tube. Colo. N. and W. 



L. H. B. 



HEDYSCEPE (Greek, sweet covering). Palmacece. 

 UMBRELLA PALM, This includes one of the many palms 

 known to the trade as a Kentia, and resembles that 

 genus in habit and foliage, but is distinct in flower. In 

 Kentia the fls. are arranged in 4 ranks, and the ovule is 

 fastened at the bottom of the cell, while in Hedyscepe 

 (and its cultivated allies, Kentiopsis, Veitchia, Nenga, 

 Archontophoenix, Rhopalostylis and Dictyosperma) the 

 fls. are spirally arranged in the branches of the spadix, 

 and the ovule is fastened at the side. From the allies 

 above mentioned Hedyscepe is distinguished by the 

 following characters : staminate fls. with narrowly lan- 

 ceolate sepals, 9-12 stamens, with long filaments ; pis- 

 tillate fls. with petals like the sepals and valvate at the 

 apex. As a house plant, If. Canterburyana is dwarfer 

 and more spreading than the two Howeas, and has a 

 lighter shade of green. 



H. Canterbury ana, a very handsome palm, is the only 

 species belonging to the genus, and, like the important 

 Howeas (or Kentias of commercial horticulture), is only 

 known in a wild state on Lord Howe's Island, where it 



1024. Hedyscepe Canterburyana. 



is known as the "Umbrella Palm "from the recurving 

 habit of its foliage. It grows at a greater altitude than 

 the Howeas, not appearing below the 900-feet level, and 

 trom this it may be inferred that a slightly lower tempera- 

 ture is more suitable for this palm ; but in a general way 

 the same conditions as those required by the so-called 

 Kentias will give good results with this subject, namely 

 a night .temperature of 60 to 62 F., moderate shading 

 throughout nearly the whole year, plenty of water, and 

 a rich and rather heavy soil. These palms respond 

 freely to generous treatment. As a commercial palm, H. 

 Canterburyana is not very popular as yet, partly owing 



HELENIUM 



to the higher cost of seeds and the frequently low per- 

 centage of germination, and partly from the fact that in 

 a young state this palm is by no means a rapid grower. 

 In regard to hardiness of foliage, it is fully equal to the 

 Kentias, and for gracefulness and symmetry of growth 

 will compare favorably with any of the commercial 

 .species. In S. Calif, it is cult, outdoors. 



Canterburyana, H. Wendl. & Drude (Kentia Canter- 

 bury ana, F. Muell.). UMBRELLA PALM. Fig. 1024. Tal 

 spineless palm, with a thick, stout caudex: Ivs. ten 

 nal, dense, equally pinnatisect, the numerous segment 

 linear-lanceolate, acuminate, the lower nerves recurv< 

 at the base, rather remote from, the margin; rachi 

 arched, recurving: spaaix with a short peduncle, ai 

 thickened, flexuose branches; areolae lax: fls. mediui 

 fr. ovoid, large. R.H. 1873, p. 218. F.R. 1:85. The ilh 

 tratioii (Fig. 1024) is adapted from Martius. 



JARED G. SMITH and W. H. TAPLIN. 



HEERIA (commemorative of Oswald Heer, Swis 

 botanist). Melastornacece. Includes Heterocentron. A< 

 cording to the latest monographer (Cogmaux, D( 

 Monogr. Phaner. 7), the genus has 6 Mexican and Cei 

 tral American species. They are herbs or shrubs, ert 

 or prostrate, with opposite membranaceous pirmatel 

 nerved (rarely 3-nervedj entire Ivs., and white, rose 

 purple irregular fls. in panicles or rarely solitary. Nc 

 to be confounded with Centraderiia, which has win? 

 stems, unequal-sided Ivs. and calyx teeth small 

 much shorter tha.n the calyx tube. Stamens 8, very ui 

 equal, the 4 larger ones with long appendages or con IK 

 tions : ovary loculed : petals 4. Warmhouse plant 

 requiring the culture of Centradenia, but grown chiefly 

 for the fls., whereas Centradenias are grown also for 

 foliage. H. rdsea, Triana (Heterocentron Mexicanum 

 Naud., H. roseum, Br. & Bouche) is the only species 

 in general cult. A foot or more high, with 4-angled 

 (but not winged) stem: Ivs. elliptic, obtuse or acute, 

 pinnate-nerved : fls. bright rose, 'in a large, terminal 

 panicle, showy. B.M. 5166. I.H. 3:97. Var. alba, Hook, 

 is a white-fld. form. L H B 



HELENI6PSIS. See Heloniopsis. 



HELENIUM (possibly the author had in mind Helenus 

 the son of Priam, but he left no record of the applicatic 

 of this name). Compositce. SNEEZE WEED. About! 

 species of hardy annual and perennial herbs, bearii 

 yellow fls. from early summer to late autumn. Only tl 

 perennials are in cultivation. Stem .erect, usuall 

 branching above: Ivs. alternate, narrowly to broac 

 lanceolate, entire or toothed, glandular-dotted ; petiol 

 and stem sometimes winged: heads solitary or coryi 

 bose, yellow or brownish. 



The genus closely resembles Helianthus, but diffc 

 in having elongated, often top-shaped fruits, which ai 

 never compressed and are usually silky villose; whil 

 the fruits of Helianthus are generally more or less 

 sided and are smooth. In Helenium the receptacle is 

 naked; in Helianthus it bears paleaceous bracts, whicl 

 subtend the florets. 



Heleniums thrive best in a rich, moist soil, with 

 sunny aspect, and are propagated by seeds, cuttings 

 division. All the species are very easily grown, the onl] 

 serious difficulty being a white aphis which sometime 

 attacks the roots. If plants look unhealthy they shoul 

 be lifted, washed with an insecticide and reset in a ne\ 

 place. The commonest species in cult, is H. autumnal* 

 but perhaps the most valuable species for general plant 

 ing is H. Hoopesii, which is one of our earliest blooming 

 composites, and is also desirable for the border or 

 cut-flowers. H. Hoopesii, Bolanderii and autumnal 

 will give bloom in succession from May-Oct. The fit 

 two are also attractive when grown in pots, but they dc 

 not flower from seed the first year, either in pots or ir 

 the open. 



A. Stem and branches winged. 

 B. Disk yellow. 



autumnale, Linn. (H. grandiflbrum, Nutt.). Fig.l02. r 

 Stem 2-6 ft. high, roughish, leafy: Ivs, mostly toothed, 

 smooth: heads 1-1K in. across, numerous, borne at thf 

 end of short, very leafy stalks: rays drooping, 3-clfft. 

 lemon-yellow to rich orange ; disk yellow. July-Oc 



