722 



HELIANTHUS 



attractive foliage, which is not at all coarse. A well 

 grown plant will produce spikes of fls. nearly 4 ft. long. 



5. angustifdlius, Linn. SWAMP SUNFLOWER. Stem 

 2-6 ft. high, simple or branching above, slightly rough: 

 Ivs. 2-7 in. long, somewhat tufted, drooping, with rolled 

 edges, smooth or slightly rough: fls. 2-3 in. wide, few 

 or solitary. Aug.-Oct. Wet land, N. Y. to Fla., west to 

 Ky. and Tex. B.M. 2051. ' 



6. rlgidus, Desf. (H. Missouriensis, Schwein.). St. 

 1-3 ft. high (rarely 5-8 ft.), strict, sparingly branched, 

 rough or hairy: Ivs. 6-12 in. long, oblong to ovate-lan- 

 ceolate, firm, thick, rough-hairy, entire or slightly 

 toothed: fls. 2%-4 in. wide, showy, long-stalked; rays nu- 

 merous, about \V<i in. long; disk sometimes yellow at 

 first, turning brown. Aug.-Oct. Mich, to Tex. and west 

 to Col. B.R. 6:508 (as#. atrorubens). B.M. 2020 (asJJ. 

 diffusus). B.M. 2668 (as 5". atrorubens). Gn. 27, p. 68. 

 After H. decapetalus this species is one of the best 

 perennial Sunflowers. It varies under cultivation chiefly 

 in the direction of doubling and in lengthening the 

 blooming period. Some of the best garden varieties 

 are sestivalis, grandifldrus, semi-plenus and Miss Mel- 

 lish. 



7. atr6rubens, Linn. PURPLE-DISK SUNFLOWER. St. 

 2-5 ft. high : Ivs. usually thin, sometimes hoary be- 

 neath : fls. about 2 in. across; rays few (10 to 16), 

 rarely over 1 in. long; disk dark red. Otherwise like 

 H. rigidus, to which it is inferior. Va. to Fla., west to 

 Ohio and La. 



8. laevigatus, Torr. & Gray. Stem 2-5 ft., simple or 

 branched above: Ivs. 3-6 in. long, lanceolate, smooth, 

 entire or slightly toothed : fls. \-V/ z in. broad, few or 

 solitary; rays 6-10, usually less than 1 in. long. Aug.- 

 Oct. Va. to N. C. 



1028. Helianthus decapetalus. var. multiflorus. 



(See species No. 11.) 



9. strumdsus, Linn St. 3-7 ft. high, usually branch- 

 ing, often glaucous: Ivs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, 



ugh above entire or toothed : fls. 2^-4 in. across 

 rays8-lo, 1-1% m . long. July-Sept. Open woods, Can 

 to Ga. and west to Wis. and Ark. Var. m611is, Torr 

 LamT' d Wny beneath ' B-M. 3689(as#.woZ/i s ; 



10. grdsse-serratus, Martens. St. 6-10 ft. high, very 

 smooth, glaucous : Ivs. long-lanceolate, slender-petioled, 



HELIANTHUS 



rough above: fls. many, cymose, 1-3 in. broa^l. Aug.- 

 Oct. Pa. to Mo., south to Tex. Passes into H. giganteus. 

 11. decapetalus, Linn. Stem 2-5 ft. bigh, branched 

 above: Ivs. 3-8 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, sharply ser- 

 rate, thiu, rough above, finely pubescent beneath : fls. 

 2-3 in. across, numerous; rays 

 generally more than 10, in spite 

 of the specific name. July-Sept. 

 Moist soils, Quebec to Ga., west to 

 Mich, and Ky. G. C. II. 16:601. 

 Under cult, it has given rise to the 

 horticultural var. multifldrus (H. 

 multiflorus, Hort.). Fig. 1028. B.M. 

 ~~~ G.C. III. 10:421. 



227. 



Gn. 27:476, 



1029. 

 Helianthus divaricatus. 



pp. 71,74; 45, p. 373. Gt. 43, p. 554. 

 Gng. 3:83. F.R. 2:413. The many 

 garden forms of var. multiflorus 

 differ mainly in the extent of doub- 

 ling, season of blooming, habit of 

 plant and size of fl. Among the 

 best are : Var. fibre pleno and var. 

 grandifldrus, almost completely 

 double; var. major, fls. larger than 

 common; var. maximus, very large, 

 single fls. with pointed rays; Soliel 

 d'Or, with quilled florets, like 

 Cactus Dahlia. Multiflorus varie- 

 ties are the most popular of peren- 

 nial Sunflowers, and deser- 

 vedly so. If the double forms 

 are grown on poor soil, or are 

 allowed to remain for several 

 years without being divided, 

 they become single. 



12. divaricatus, Linn. Fig. 

 1029. Stem 1-6 ft. high: Ivs. 

 sessile, rough above, pubes- 

 cent beneath, standing out 

 nearly at right angles to the 



stem : fls. few or solitary, 2 in. across. July-Sej 

 Dry woodlands, Can. to Fla., west to Neb. and La. 



13. giganteus, Linn. INDIAN POTATO. Stem 3-12 

 high, stout: Ivs. 3-7 in. long, lanceolate, very' rough, 

 serrate or nearly entire : fls. usually several, l%-3 in. 

 broad, mostly long-stalked; rays 10-20, barely 1 in. 

 long, cupped, pale yellow : seeds smooth. Aug.-Oct 

 Wet ground, Can. to Fla., west to Neb. B.M. 7555. 

 165. Var. subtuberdsus, Bourgeau. A. northern fc 

 with unusually fleshy roots, which were formerly c( 

 lected by Indians for food. Hence "Indian Potato." 



14. Maximiliani, Schrad. Stem generally 2-4 ft. hi| 

 sometimes 8-10 : Ivs. inclined to be trough-shaped: 

 on short, densely pubescent peduncles; rays 15-30, gei 

 erally 1% in. long, deep yellow. Otherwise like H. gi 

 ganteus, of which it is probably the western form. Aug. 

 Oct. Dry plains, west of Mississippi river. 



15. tuberosus. Linn. JERUSALEM ARTICHOKE. Stei 

 5-12 ft., branched above. Ivs. 4-8 in., usually ov* 

 acuminate, serrate, rough above, finely pubescent 

 neath: fls. several or numerous, 2-3 in. across ; ra? 

 12-20: seeds pubescent. Gn. 27:68. B.M. 7545. ] 

 quently cultivated for its edible tubers. See Artich< 

 Jerusalem,, 



16. doronicoides, Lam. Stem 3-7 ft. high: Ivs. 4-8 

 long, ovate oblong, narrowed towards both ends, rouf 

 on both sides : fls. numerous, in loose panicles : raj 

 12-20, broad. Otherwise as H. Icetifolius. Aug., Sej 

 Dry soils, Ohio to Mo. B.M. 2778 (as H. pubescens). 



17. mollis, Lam. Stem 2-5 ft. high, stout, very leafj 

 hoary villose, at least when young : Ivs. 3-5 in. lon$ 

 ovate-lanceolate, white-pubescent or rough on upf 

 side: fls. solitary or few, 2-3 in. broad ; rays 15-S 

 July-Sept. Barren soils, Ohio to Ga., west to la. 

 Tex. Gn. 55:1212. 



18. pumilus, Nutt. Stem rough and hairy throughout 

 Ivs. only 5-7 pairs, 1-4 in. long, ovate-lanceolate : fl 

 few, short-peduncled. Eastern Rocky Mts. and adjacei 

 plains. 



19. laetifldrus, Pers. SHOWY SUNFOWER. Stem 4-8 ft 

 high, leafy: Ivs. 4-10 in. long, ovate-lanceolate, more 

 less serrate, rough on both sides: fls. several. 2-4 



