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HELWINGIA 



der North. It seems to grow in any soil that is some- 

 what moist. Prop, by greenwood cuttings under glass. 

 Two species in Jap. and Himal. Fls. dioecious, short- 

 pedicelled, with obsolete calyx, 3-5 petals and stamens 

 and 3-4-celled ovary: fr. a berry-like, 3-4-seeded drupe. 

 Jap6nica, A. Dietr. (H. ruscifldra, Willd.). Bushy 

 shrub, 3-5 ft. high : Ivs. petioled, ovate or elliptic-ovate, 

 acuminate, serrate, stipulate, l%-3 in. long: fls. in June, 

 the stuminate generally with 3, the pistillate with 4 

 petals. Jap. S.Z 86. A. G. 13:8. 



A. PHELPS WYMAN. 



HEMEROCALLIS (Greek, beautiful by day; because 

 the blossoms close at night). Liliacece. YELLOW DAY 

 LILIES. This genus includes the Lemon Lily ( H. fla ra ) , 

 which is one of the hardiest and most delightful of all 

 herbaceous perennial plants. It easily ranks among the 

 50 most popular plants for the home garden. All the 

 blue and white Day Lilies belong to the genus Funkia: 

 all the yellow and orange Day Lilies belong to Hemero- 

 callis. The Yellow Day Lilies have narrow, grass-like 

 foliage, and their flowers have wider funnels. The blue 

 and white Day Lilies have very broad foliage, which is 

 not at all grass-like. The flowers of Funkia are borne 

 in racemes; of Hemerocallis in corymb-like panicles. 



Hemerocallis has only 7 species, all of which are culti- 

 vated. The plants are all remarkably free from enemies, 

 and need no protection of any kind, even in the severest 

 winters. The roots are bundles of fleshy tubers, and are 

 sometimes classed with bulbs in catalogues of nursery- 

 men. Small plants will flower freely the first year. 

 Clumps can often be left undivided for 4 or 5 years 

 without a loss in size or number of flowers, but as a 



1037. Lemon Lilies Hemerocallis flava. 



general thing all robust-growing herbaceous perennials 

 should be divided every second year. In old clumps the 

 roots often become firmly matted near the middle, and 

 the wasteful competition between the too-numerous 

 roots weakens the vitality of the plant. Next to H. 

 flava, the oldest garden favorites among the Yellow Day 

 Lilies is H. fulva, sometimes called Brown Day Lily, and 

 erroneously in some catalogues the Lemon Lily. H. 

 fulva is a taller plant, with later and orange-colored fls. 

 and wavy inner segments. Within five years a new 

 species, G. aurantiaca, has come into great prominence, 

 and its var. major by some connoisseurs is considered the 

 finest of all Day Lilies. As a rule, double forms are not 

 as popular as the types, and for the writer they lack the 

 simplicity and definite character of the single flowers. 

 Yellow Day Lilies have a wholesome fragrance. The 

 individual flowers are short-lived, but there is a good 

 succession. The plants thrive in almost any garden soil, 

 but are most luxuriant along the borders of ponds or 

 moist places, and in partial shade. The flowers are ex- 

 cellent for cutting. Plants prop, by division. 



R. B. Whyte gives the succession of bloom at Ottawa, 

 Canada, as follows: H. Dumortierii, June 4; minor, 

 Middendorfii and Thunbergii, June 11 ; rutilans, June 



i: fulva, July 2; auranliaca, var. major, July 9; fulva, 

 var. Kivanso, July 23, and disticha fl. pi., July 30. He 



HEMEROCALLIS 



adds that H. Dumortierii, aiirantiaca var. major and 

 //. rutilans differ from all others in the fls. being red- 

 dish brown outside, which is very marked in the bud. 



A. Fls. fragrant. 



B. Inner segments of perianth firm: veins not joined by 

 cross veins: color yellow. 



c. Blossoms in June. 



flava, Linn. LEMON LILY. Fig. 1037. Lvs. 18-24 in. 

 long, 6-8 lines wide: scapes longer than the Ivs.: corymb 

 6-y-fld.: pedicels 12-24 lines long: tube 6-15 Hues long. 

 Europe, temperate Asia. B.M. 19. A. G. 17:437. Gn.48, 

 p. 400. In some important works on gardening the color 

 is erroneously given as orange. 



cc. Blossoms in July. 



Thunbergii, Baker. "Except for its later flowering, 

 Thunbergii does not differ materially from flava." 

 Baker. Lvs. 6-7% lines wide: corymb loose, 8-10-fld., 

 with 1 or 2 fls. lower down: tube nearly 1 in. long: fls. 

 lemon-yellow, opening widely, 3 in. across: segments 

 membranous, crisped. Japan. Int. 1890. Rare. R. B. 

 Whyte writes that the fls. are not nearly as large as 

 those of H. flava, appear in June, and that H. Thun- 

 bergii differs from all others in having the upper 6 to 

 10 in. of the scape thickened and flattened. 



BB. Inner segments membranous and wavy at the 



margin: a few veins joined. 

 0. Lvs. 2-3 lines wide tube and pedicel long : color of 



fls. yellow. 



minor, Mill. (H. graminea, And., not Schlecht. H. 

 graminifolia, Schlecht.). Lvs. 15-18 in. long, darker 

 green than in the other species : scapes about as long as 

 the .vs.: corymb 3-6-fld.: pedicels 3-24 lines long. 

 July, Aug. N.Asia. B.M. 873. 



CC. Lvs. 6-8 lines wide : tube very short : color of fls. 



orange. 



Dumortierii, Morren (H. rutilans, Hort.). Height 

 l%-2 ft.: Ivs. 12-35 in. long : scapes hardly as long as 

 the Ivs.: corymb 2-3-fld.: pedicels 3-6 lines long : fls. 

 2-2% in. long", while they are 3-4 in. long in all the other 

 species ; inner segments 5-6 lines wide. Jap. B.H. 

 2:43. Gn. 31:589. #. Sieboldii is now practically aban- 

 doned as a trade name. The yellow-fld. species of this 

 name is H. Dumortierii ; the blue-fld. species pictured 

 in L. B.C. 19:1869 and P.M. 5:25 is Funkia Sieboldii. 

 Var. fldre pleno (H. disticha pleno, Hort.) is less cmt. 

 This species is the earliest to blossom. R. B. Whyte 

 considers H. rutilans distinct. 



ccc. Lvs. 8-12 lines wide. 

 D. Color of fls. orange : tube 8-9 lines long. 

 aurantiaca, Baker. Height 2%-3 ft. : Ivs. more than 

 12 lines wide: corymb 6-8-fld. : fls. bright orange, open- 

 ing less widely than any other species. July. Jap. or 

 E. Siberia? The type was introduced to cult, in 1890 and 

 has rapidly given way to var. major, Baker, introduced 

 1895, which is larger in all parts. Lvs. 12-18 lines wide: 

 tube 9 lines long: fls. when expanded 5-6 in. across. 

 July-Sept. Jap. G.C. III. 18:71. Gn. 48:1041 and 50, 

 p. 17. J.H. III. 31:157. A. G. 18:179. -Closest to Du- 

 mortierii, from which it is chiefly distinguished by its 

 much larger, later and more reddish fls. and longer 

 tube. 



DD. Color of fls. yellow : tube 5-6 lines long. 



Middendorfii, Traut. & Mey. Name variously mis- 

 spelled. Height 1-1% ft. : Ivs. 15-18 in. long, 8-12 lines 

 wide: scapes about as long as the Ivs. : corymb 2-4-fld.: 

 pedicels almost none : inner segments 9-12 lines wide. 

 Amur region. Gt. plate 522. R.H. 1897, p. 139. 



AA. Fls. not fragrant. 



fulva, Linn. (H. disticha, Don). Lvs. 18-24 in. long, 

 9-15 lines wide: corymb 6-12-fld.: fls. orange; pedicels 

 short ; inner segments with wavy margins, with nu- 

 merous veins joined by cross veins. July, Aug. Eu., 

 temperate Asia. B.M. 64 (central band of white). Mn. 

 5, p. 193. Var. Kwanso (H. Kwa-n*o, Hort.), the 

 "Double Orange Lily, "blooms longer than any sin de- 

 fid, form, according to Meehan. Gt. 500. It has a sub- 



