LILIUM 



LIME 



923 



nodding pedicels, bright scarlet. Japan and Loo-Choo 

 s.L. Carniolicum, Beriih. Bulb ovoid: stem 2-3 ft.: 

 . 30-40, scattered, many-nerved, withciliate margins: tts. ra- 

 mose, nodding, 2 in. long, orange or red. Europe. Rare in 

 rt. El. 45. L. Clapto>iense,Hort.=Ij. primuliuurn. L. Da- 

 i, Duch. Known only in herbarium. L. Delavayi, Franchet. 

 Chinese species recently discovered, and not yet offered for 

 (e. Fls. wine red, somewhat the form of L. longiflorum. L. 

 rgesi, Franchet. Small, long, yellow fls. Subgenus Marta- 

 la. Recently from China, and not yet in the trade. L. formd- 

 71, Franchet. A species recently discovered in China, resem- 

 ng L. bulbiferum and elegans, but having white fls. Not in- 

 .L. Lankongense, Franchet. Newly discovered in 

 .n-nan, China. Not introduced. Subgenus Martagon. L, 

 wi, Baker. A new Burmese species, having 2-3 white fls. 

 'tnewhat resembling L. candidum. Not yet introduced. B.M. 

 VI. Gn. 45:953. G.C. III. 14:121. L. maritimum, Kellogg. 

 lb small, conical: stem low: Ivs. usually scattered, narrow, 

 n obtuse: fls. solitary or few, horizontal, 1-2 in. long, deep 

 lish orange, spotted. Calif. i. medeololdes, Gray. Stem 

 _der, 1-2 ft.: Ivs. several, sometimes whorled, sometimes 

 ittered: fis. 1-3, with short, erect pedicels, funnel-shaped, 

 it orange-red with a few spots. Japan, Korea. Rare orun- 

 n in cult. Z/. mirdbile, Franchet. A new species of the 

 nus Cardiocrinum recently found in Su-Tchuen, China, 

 introduced.//, myriophyllum, Franchet. Recently dis- 

 vered in China. Said to be a "magnificent species, recalling 

 Wallichianum." Not yet in the trade. i. nltidum, Hort. 

 lib oblong, subrhizomatous, with crowded appressed lanceo- 

 ;e scales: stem 18-24 in. high: Ivs. lanceolate, scattered and 

 whorls: fls. 10-20, bright yellow with many red-brown dots. 

 >t in American gardens. L. occidentale, Purdy. Bulb rhizo- 

 itous: stems 2-4 ft.: Ivs. scattering below, but in whorls at 

 middle of the stem, lanceolate, acute: fls. few to 15, orange- 

 _ with crimson tips and black spots. Calif, L. ochraceum, 

 [ranchet. Chinese, recently discovered, not introduced. i. 

 n^ypetalum, Baker. One-1% ft. tall: Ivs. 20-30, scattered, lanceo- 

 4 te-linear: fl. wide funnel-shaped, or nearly rotate, purplish, 

 I 'nged with green beneath, somewhat dotted inside. Western 

 I* .\imalayas. Not in cult. El. 5. L. papilliferum, Franchet. A 

 'cently named species from Yun-nan, China. Not in the trade. 

 {'Is. dirty red. Belongs with L. speciosum, etc. L. polyphyl- 

 ini, D.Don. Three-4ft. high: Ivs. 40-60, scattered: fls. 4-10, in 

 * loose raceme, on nodding pedicels, yellow, with purplish 

 jots. Himalayas. I.H. 32:565. L. primullnum, Baker. A 

 ew species from Burma, with pale yellow fls., somewhat re- 

 Ambling L. Nepalense. B.M. 7227. L. Purdyi, Waugh. Bulb 

 j ke L. Columbianum: stem2-5 ft. high: Ivs. lanceolate, mostly 

 tf|i whorls: fls. few to 10, horizontal, orange-red, thickly dotted, 

 agrant. Washington and British Columbia. i. Sutchuense, 

 >/'ranchet. A new lily of the tenuifolium style, with 1-4 reddish 

 ; range flowers spotted with black. Recently discovered in Su- 



- 'chuen, China ; not introduced. B.M. 7715. i. Taliense, 

 r ''ranchet. A recently discovered species of the subgenus Mar- 

 agon. Fls. white or whitish. China. Not in commerce. L. 



\ Junnanense, Franchet. A white-fld. species, somewhat resemb- 

 ling L. Japonicum recently discovered in China. Not yet in the 

 I ratle ' F. A. WAUGH. 



'>. LILAC. See Syringa. 



j LILY, in the narrowest sense, is restricted to the genus 

 jilium.but the popular names given below also include 

 slants outside the family Liliacese. Many of them belong 

 |'o the Amaryllis family. African Blue L M Agapanthus 

 'umbellatus. African Corn L., Ixia. Amazon L M Eu- 

 I'haris Amazonica. American Turk's Cap L., Lilium 

 iiuperbum. Atamasco L., Zephyranthes Atamasco. Bar- 

 dadoes I,.,Hippeastrum equestre. Belladonna L M Ama- 

 \<-ylUs Belladonna. Bengal L., Crinum longifolium. 

 Bermuda L., Lilium Harrisii. Black L M Fritillarla 

 Vamtshatcensis. Blackberry L., JSelemcanda Chinen- 



m. Bourbon L., Lilium candidum. Brisbane L., Eu- 

 nielc.s sylvestris. Calla L,, Ricliardia ^Ethiopica. Cape 

 iL., Crinum Capense. Checkered L., Fritillaria Mele- 

 'tgris. Climbing L., Gloriosa and Littonia. Common 

 ; White L., Lilium candidum. Day L., the blue and white 

 ones are Funkias; the yellow and orange ones Hemero- 



\callis. Easter L., Lilium Harrisii. Fairy L., ZepTiy- 

 \ranthesrosea. Fayal L M Ornithogalum Arabicum. Gol- 

 den-banded L., Lilium auratum. Golden-rayed L., 

 Lilinm auratum. Guernsey L., Nerine Sarniensis. 

 \ Jacobean L., Sprekelia formosissima.- Kaffir L., Schizo- 

 .stylis coccinea. MariposaL., Calochortus. MartagonL., 

 .Lilinm Martagon. Orange L., Lilium croceum. Peru- 

 ;vian Swamp L., Zephyranthes Candida. Plantain L., 

 \Funkia. Pond L.,Nuphar advena. Sacred L. of China, 

 .Narcissus Tazetta, var. orientalis. Spider L. St. Ber- 

 nard's L., Anthericum Liliago. St. Bruno's L., Para- 

 \disf a Liliastrum. St. James' L., Sprekelia formosis- 

 \sima. St. Joseph's L., Lilium candidum. Tiger L., 



Lilium tigrinum. Turban L., Lilium pomponium. 

 Turk's Cap L., Lilium Martagon. Water L., Nymphwa. 

 White L., Lilium candidum. 



LILY-OF - THE - INCAS. A Istrcemeria Pelegrina. 

 See, also, Hymenocallis (Ismene). 



LILY-OF-THE-PALACE. Hippeastrum aulicum. 

 LILY- OF- THE -VALLEY. Convallaria majalis. 



LIMATODES (probably from the Greek for meadow, 

 referring to the habitat of the plants). Orchiddcece. 

 Similar to Calanthe, but the spurred labellum is not 

 adnate to the column but closely wrapped around it. In 

 Phajus, and in Calanthe also, the Ivs. are not articulated 

 to the stem and therefore wither on the plant instead of 

 falling. 



After resting season of Limatodes is over, say from 

 February to May, shake off the old potting material. If 

 plants are large, divide them and pot them moderately 

 tight. For the American climate, chop finely some good, 

 turfy loam well mixed with old rotten cow manure and 

 a little leaf mold and sharp sand and place in a shaded 

 house, temperature 70 to 90. Do not water till roots 

 are well out, and sparingly till leaves are well started. 

 After that and during flower-sheath growth, they will 

 enjoy profuse waterings and spraying water with weak 

 liquid at intervals of 10 days or so, and every plant will 

 be a marvel of beauty. 



rdsea, Lindl. (Calanthe rdsea, Benth.). Pseudobulbs 

 4-8 in. long, pyrif orm or fusiform, grooved : Ivs. 8-18 in. 

 long, elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, plicate: scape from 

 the base of the pseudobulb, 12-18 in. long, slender, bear- 

 ing a many-fld. villous raceme: fls. large, rosy, 1% in. 

 across ; sepals ovate-lanceolate ; petals oblong, acute ; 

 lip \Yz in. long, with a large obovate-oblong midlobe; 

 base yellow, edged with scarlet. Jan. Burma. B.M. 5312. 

 A hybrid of this species and Calanthe vestita, Lindl., 

 is common in cultivation under the name Calanthe 

 Veitchii, Lindl., which see. John Saul said L. rosea 

 bore fls. as large as those of Calanthe Veitchii, and 

 more brilliant in color. 



HEINRICH HASSELBRINQ and WM. MATHEWS. 



LIME. The use of Lime in agriculture antedates the 

 Christian era. In modern times it has been an indis- 

 pensable adjunct to potassic, phosphatic and nitrogenous 

 manures in restoring and maintaining" the fertility of 

 immense areas of soil derived from sandstone, granite, 

 mica schist and certain shales and slate. Without its 

 use the wonderful transformation of Limousin in France, 

 the sandy regions of Germany, and particularly the 

 reclamation of the sour peat (Hoch-moor) soils of north- 

 ern Germany would have been difficult or impossible. 

 Even limestone soils sometimes become so lacking in 

 Lime near the surface that they stand in great need of 

 its application. 



The necessity of Lime as a direct food for the higher 

 orders of plants has been indisputably demonstrated. 

 Its physiological role is of the greatest significance. It 

 serves also as an indirect food by transforming or set- 

 ting free other soil ingredients which plants require. 

 (1) It aids in transforming the nitrogen of organic mat- 

 ter and ammonium salts into nitric acid, which, in combi- 

 nation with potash, soda, Lime and magnesia, furnishes 

 most plants the major portion of their nitrogen. (2) It 

 appears probable that liming favors symbiosis and the 

 consequent assimilation of atmospheric nitrogen in the 

 case of clovers, alfalfa and certain other legumes, while 

 it may have an opposite effect upon others, among which 

 may be mentioned serradella and lupines. (3) Lime at- 

 tacks certain more or less inert combinations of potash 

 and of phosphoric acid which exist in soils, thereby ren- 

 dering their manurial constituents more readily assimi- 

 lable. 



Noxious iron compounds in soils are so acted upon by 

 Lime as to overcome their poisonous tendency. The 

 presence of carbonate of lime in soils prevents the 

 formation of sour humus and consequent injury to a 

 large class of agricultural plants. Liming makes clays 

 more friable and sandy soils more compact, thus im- 



