LOUISIANA 



f tomatoes, the Chartier radish, the New Orleans Market 

 'eggplant, the Peerless and Triumph Irish potatoes, the 

 'New Orleans Market and W r hite Spine cucumbers, the 

 [New Orleans Market cantaloupe, the Drumheads, Flat 

 ?Dutch, Succession, All-Seasons and Nonesuch cabbages, 

 'the Italian and Bermuda type of onions, the First and 

 'Best and Alaska peas, the Early Mohawk and Valentine 

 'beans. In the northern part of the state large quanti- 

 ties of Irish potatoes are grown, and oftentimes the 

 second crop is very profitable. The first crop is planted 

 in January or February and harvested in May and June. 

 The seed for the second crop is prepared for planting 

 ! by special treatment, consisting of gradually exposing 

 the tubers to the light and moisture, which matures them 

 and excites the eyes into growth. As soon as this is 

 accomplished they are ready for planting, which is usu- 

 ally during August. They are harvested in November. 

 Upwards of 3,500,000 bushels of sweet potatoes are 

 grown annually, the varieties best known being Pump- 

 kin, Creole, California, Bermuda, Red and Yellow 

 Nansemond, Hayman, Providence, Yellow Jersey, South- 

 ern Queen arid Vineless. The last variety is one of the 

 most desirable of the newer sweet potatoes. 



The culture of fruit, other than oranges and straw- 

 berries, has been neglected in great measure. Apples do 

 fairly well in the northern part of the state, the desirable 

 varieties being Smith, Horse, Red June. Magnum, Early 

 Harvest, Cullasago, Shannon, Shockley and Red Astra- 

 chan. Grapes are grown but sparingly, as the long, warm, 

 moist season offers the best conditions under which the 

 grape diseases develop, and the frequent rains hinder the 

 use of fungicides; however, in the northern and south- 

 western portions of the state the following varieties have 

 been found desirable: Champion, Diamond, Eaton, Ni- 

 agara, Concord, Delaware, Brighton, Sweet Mountain, 

 Herbemont and Jacques. Only the Chinese type of pears 

 is at all grown, as it offers more resistance to the blight 

 than the others. The desirable varieties are Le Conte, 

 Kieffer, Smith, Garber, Dai Dai, Golden Russet and Mme. 

 Von Siebold. The European varieties of plums do not suc- 

 ceed, but many of the American and Japanese sorts do 

 well. The desirable varieties are Burbank, Abundance, 

 Satsuma, Kelsey,Chabot,Wild Goose, Robinson and a few 

 others. The fig is grown universally in all sections of 

 the state, the best varieties being Celeste, Brunswick, 

 White Ischia, Magnolia, Angelique, Lemon, Mission and 

 Reine Blanche. The Japan persimmons are being set 

 extensively, using chiefly the Hyakume, Kurokume, 

 Nero Zami, Hachiya, Tsuru and Among. These fruits 

 are large, showy, and will stand transportation well. 

 The Elberta, Sneed, Peen-to (in the south) and Chinese 

 Cling peaches prevail. 



The other fruits, grown in a limited way, are quinces, 

 goumi, blackberries, dewberries, a very few raspberries, 

 pomegranates, bananas, jujubes and pawpaws. There 

 are a few other tropical fruits that are grown only for 

 specimens. 



Louisiana abounds in beautiful flowering shrubs and 

 wild flowers. The planting of all kinds of ornamentals 

 is very extensive, roses bloom throughout the season, 

 and the camellia finds a congenial home throughout the 

 southern part of the state. In and around New Orleans 

 the finest ornamental plantings will be found, St. Charles 

 avenue, the principal residence street, being especially 

 beautiful, with its palms, roses, camellias and orna- 

 mental vines. This is not confined to the wealthier 

 classes, for nearly all these ornamentals grow readily 

 from cuttings with little care, and even the poorest peo- 

 ple oftentimes have the choicest flowers and roses 

 around their doorstep. . jn. H. BURNETTE. 



LOUSE WORT. Pedicular is. 

 LOVAGE. Levistictim. 



LOVE APPLE. First popular name of the Tomato, 

 now dying out in America. Love-in-B,-mist. = Nigella. 

 Love-lies-bleeding. Amarantus caudatus. 



LOXOSCAPHE (Greek, aw oblique boat). Polypodia- 

 cew. A small genus of southern hemisphere ferns, 

 related to Davallia. Indusium forming a compressed, 



LUCUMA 



947 



suborbiciilar or cup-shaped sac, open only at the top: 

 Ivs.with linear segments. For culture, consult Davallia. 

 thecifera, Moore (Davallia concinna, Schrad. ). Stipes 

 3-4 in. long: Ivs. 6-9 in. long, bipinnate; divisions 2-3 

 lines long, % line wide. S. Amer. and Africa. 



foeniculacea, Moore -(Davdllia foeniculacea, Hook.). 

 Stipes 6-8 in. long: Ivs. 9-18 in. long, quadripinnate;, 

 divisions less than % line wide. Fiji Islands. 



L. M. UNDERWOOD. 



LUCERNE. See Alfalfa and Medicago. 



LUCULIA (probably adapted from a native name). 

 Rubiacece. A genus of 2 species of tender shrubs frony 

 the Himalayas, bearing in winter terminal corymbs 

 sometimes a foot across, composed of 20-40 pink or 

 white, fragrant, salver-shaped fls. with 5 rounded lobes,, 

 each fl. being l%-2 in. across. A plant of L. gratissima 

 is on record which attained 6% ft., bearing 24 bunches 

 of fls. each 2 ft. in circumference, beside 30 smaller 

 bunches. Calyx tube top-shaped ; lobes unequal, decid- 

 uous; stamens 5, inserted on the tube of the corolla; 

 filaments very short : disk annular : ovary 2-celled : 

 style 2-branched. 



L. gratissima is one of the most beautiful winter- 

 flowering shrubs for house decoration, and deserves to 

 become more popular with florists for Christmas sales. 

 The wood ripened after flowering furnishes the best 

 cuttings. Newly rooted plants require a night temp, of 

 60 at first, but the temp, should be gradually reduced 

 and the plants hardened off before they are planted out- 

 doors for the summer. Young plants" should never be 

 allowed to get dry from the time of first potting until 

 they are taken outdoors. For potting a light soil is de- 

 sirable. When the pots are well filled with roots, apply 

 liquid manure two or three times a week until the buds, 

 appear. During'the summer the plants should be syr- 

 inged daily, as they are subject to red spider. The plants 

 should be lifted, potted and brought indoors the last 

 week of Aug. If left out later they do not set flower 

 buds as well. As soon as the buds appear the plants 

 should be moved to a warmer house, with a night temp, 

 of 55. After flowering the plants should be trimmed 

 somewhat, given less water, kept in a night temp, of 

 45 and syringed daily. They start slowly, but make 

 hardy growths for planting out. 



gratissima, Sweet. In the wild a tree attaining 16 ft. : 

 Ivs. opposite, ovate-oblong, acuminate, acute at the base,. 

 4-6 in. long : panicle decussately branched : fls. pink 

 or rose, forming a gorgeous rounded mass ; corolla lobes 

 imbricated in the bud; stamens inserted in the tube, 

 slightly exserted. S.B.F.G. 145. B.M. 3946. G.C. III. 

 21:81. R.H. 1843:385 and 1890:180. Gn. 35, p. 58; 41, 

 p. 469; 55, pp. 42, 107. A.F. 7:443 and 10:679. 



L. Pincedna, Hook. Lvs. oval: fls. in a compound cyme, the 

 lobes pure white above, changing to a cream, with a rosy tinge, 

 outside rosy and the tube red. Distinguished by the presence 

 of 5 pairs of tubercles at the base of each sinus. B.M. 4132. 

 Gn. 35, p. 59 and 41, p. 469. L. speciosa, Hort., is not in Index 

 Kewensis. H. A. Siebrecht writes that it is in every way like L. 

 gratissima, except that the fls. are much larger and of a deeper 

 color. He says it is a stronger grower and just as fragrant. 

 GEO. MCWILLIAM and W. M. 



LUCUMA (Peruvian name). Sapotacece. About 50' 

 species of trees and shrubs, largely S. American, two of 

 which are tropical fruit trees. L. Rivicoa produces the 

 Egg Fruit, or Ti-es, which is about the size and shape of 

 a hen's egg, and tastes like the yolk of an egg sweet- 

 ened with sugar. As cult, in S. Fla. and S. Calif, it 

 makes a large evergreen bush or small tree. It is re- 

 lated to the Sapodillo, but the floral parts of the latter 

 are in 6's instead of 5's. L. mammosa produces the Mar- 

 malade Plum (Fig. 1321), which has a rough and rusty 

 skin and russet-colored edible pulp. This fine fruit 

 grows wild in the West Indies and the Philippines. 



mammdsa, Gaertn. MARMALADE PLUM. Fig. 1321. Lvs. 

 obovate-oblong or spatulate, chartaceous, 6-8 in. long, 

 2-3 in. wide, mucronate : calyx segments 9-10, inner ones 

 /arger and notched : ovary 5-celled : fr. usually 1-seeded 

 by abortion. S. America, West Indies, Philippines. 



