994 



MATTHIOLA 



bic6rnis, DC. Half -shrubby, straggling annual or bi- 

 ennial: fls. smaller than those of At. mi-ana, purplish 

 or lilac, fragrant by night, closing by day: pod terete, 

 long, 2-horned: Ivs. pinnatifld, or the uppermost entire. 

 Greece, Asia Minor. 



M. sinuctta, var. Oyensis, Rouy & 7ouc., is figured in B.M. 7703 

 O900), where it is said that "the name Oyensis has been cor- 

 rupted in gardens to Ohiensis andChinensis." The plant is from 

 the lie d' Yeu (Insula Oya, whence the name) on the coast of 

 France. It is an annual or biennial, with sinuate-toothed Ivs., 

 hairy, and with large white fragrant fls. Not known to be m 

 cult, in this country. L. H. B. 



MAURANDIA (after Maurandy, professor of botany at 

 Cartagena, Spain). Also written Maurand ya. Scroph- 

 ulariacece. About 5 species of Mexican climbers, with 

 usually halberd-shaped Ivs. and showy, irregular trum- 

 pet-shaped fls., white, rose, purple and blue, the throat 

 usually white or light-colored. The fls. are somewhat 2- 

 lipped. The commonest species is M. Barclaiana, 

 which is procurable in a greater range of colors than 

 the others. Maurandias are desirable vines for winter- 

 flowering in cool greenhouses, but since they bloom the 

 first year from seed, they are almost wholly grown for 

 summer bloom outdoors and treated like tender annuals. 

 They have a slender habit and grow about 10 ft. in a 

 season. In the fall the vines may be taken up and re- 

 moved into the house if desired. 



Botanically, this genus is nearest to the snapdragon, 

 though the throat of the flower is not closed. The plant 

 known to the trade chiefly as Maurandia antirrhini flora 

 is now referred to Antirrhinum. (See Antirrhinum, 

 where this plant is figured.) It is a climber and requires 

 the culture of Maurandia. Maurandias climb by the 

 twisting of the leaf- and flower-stalks. They are glabrous 

 or pubescent: Ivs. alternate, or the lower ones opposite, 

 halberd-shaped, angular-lobed or coarsely toothed: 

 calyx 5-parted ; segments narrow or broad : corolla tube 

 scarcely bulged at the base; posterior lip 2-cut; ante- 

 rior lip variously parted: stamens 4-didynamous. 



1378. Maurandia scandens (XM). 



A. Seeds tubercled, wingless: calyx segments narrow: 

 Ivs. hastate, not serrate. (Subgenus Eumaurandia.) 

 B. Calyx distinctly glandular-pilose: segments long- 

 attenuate. 



Barclaiana, Lindl. Usually, but not originally, written 

 Barclayana. B.R. 13:1108. L. B.C. 14:1381. V. 5:353. 

 The following trade names advertised like species- 

 names are presumably all color-varieties of this species: 

 M. alba, albiflora, JSmeryana rosea, purpurea grandi- 

 flora, varius. The last is a trade name for mixed 

 varieties. 



MAXILLARIA 



BB. Calyx glabrous, shorter. 



semperflorens, Ort. Flsl lavender-colored ; throat 

 white. B.M. 460. -Cult, in S. Calif. 



A A. Seeds with a lacerated or irregular wing: calyx 

 segments leafy and broad: Ivs. triangular-ovatSi 

 serrate. (Subgenus Lophospermum.) 

 B. Corolla lobes obtuse or even notched. 

 erubescens, Gray. Lvs. somewhat triangular in out- 

 line, serrate: fls. 3 in. long, rosy pink. B.M. 3037, 3038 

 B.R. 16:1381. G.C. II. 20:501. -Cult, in S. Calif. 



BB. Corolla lobes acute. 



scandens, Gray (Lophospermum scandens, D. Don). 

 Fig. 1378. Perhaps only a botanical variety of the pre- 

 ceding. B.M. 3650. A hybrid with the preceding is 

 shown in B. 5:242. w M 



MAURlTIA (after Prince Moritz, of Nassau, 1567-1665, 

 patron of Piso and Marcgraf ; by his aid a Natural His- 

 tory of Brazil was published). PalmacecB. Very grace 

 ful fan palms, almost spineless: stems very sleridei, 

 obscurely ringed : Ivs. pinnately flabelliform, semi-circu- 

 lar, orbicular or wedge-shaped, the lobes lanceolate 

 acuminate ; rachis long or short ; petiole cylindrical 

 ovary perfectly 3-celled. There are 6 or 7 tropics 

 American species. 



flexudsa, Linn, f . MORICHE PALM. Stems without st 

 Ions : Ivs. 20-30, erect-spreading, 9-16 ft. long ; blade 

 2>a-4 ft. long, yellowish beneath; lobes %-!% in. wide; 

 petiole stout, rigid, semi-cylindrical, equaling the blade: 

 fr. nearly 2 in. long, depressed-globose ; seed 1% in. long 

 Trop. Brazil. Offered in 1889 by Reasoner Bros, 

 the Amazon delta this palm grows to 150 ft. or more in 

 height, with a trunk often 30 in. in diam. at base. "The 

 fruit is spherical, the size of a small apple, and covered 

 with rather small, smooth, brown, reticulated scales, 

 beneath which is a thin coating of pulp. A spadix loaded 

 with fruit is of immense weight, often more than two 

 men could carry between them. Wallace, "Palms of 

 the Amazon." JAKED G. SMITH. 



MAXILLARIA (Latin, maxima, jaw; referring to the 

 mentum). Orchidacece. Mostly pseudobulbous, epiphytic 

 orchids, resembling Lycaste in general appearance. 

 The genus contains over 100 species, dispersed at va- 

 rious altitudes in Mexico, Brazil and the West Indies. 

 About 15 species are offered by dealers in America. 

 Many of these have small flowers and are of value only 

 in collections. They are, however, easily grown, and 

 blossom profusely. Among those given below, the 

 large, white-flowered M. grandi flora arid M. venusta, 

 and the white and purple M. Sanderiana are probably 

 the best species. Rhizomes short or long, creeping -or 

 erect, and clothed with distichous Ivs.: pseudobull 

 clustered or scattered on the rhizome, 1-2-lvd. 

 densely distichophyllous at the apex of the rhizome 

 Ivs. leathery or subfleshy, plicate or plane and keelet 

 distichous: sepals subequal, free from each other bi 

 united with the foot of the column and forming a pr 

 jecting mentum; petals similar or smaller: labellnm 

 lobed, movably articulated to the foot of the column; 

 lateral lobes erect; middle lobe with longitudinal cal- 

 losities. The scape arises apparently from the base of 

 the pseudobulb, on the very young leafy axis, but lowei 

 down than the corresponding new growth. Pollinia 

 seated on a broad, scale-like stipe. The distichous at 

 rangement of the Ivs. distinguishes this genus fro). 

 Lycaste. For M . Harrisonice and tetragona, see Lycaste 

 HEINRICH HASSELBRING. 



Maxillarias are of easy culture, and can be grown un- 

 der various methods of treatment with fair success. 

 The best compost consists of clean peat fiber taken fro 

 the several species of Osmunda, and live sphagnui 

 both chopped rather fine and well mixed together. Aft 

 the receptacle is half filled with clean drainage and th 

 plant properly placed, the compost should be pressed 

 firmly in around the roots, interspersing it with nodules 

 of charcoal. In their native habitats, many of the fir - 

 rooted species growon rocks and treeswith verylittle co 

 post attached. The base of the pseudobulbs or rhizoi 

 should rest on a convex surface raised a little above th 



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