1086 



NEW YORK 



NEW YORK 



1484. Distribution of peach-growing in a part of 

 The shaded parts show the chief peach-orchard areas 



counties. 



region is near the Ontario shore west of Oswego. In 

 the western half of the state, about 10,000 acres are de- 

 voted to peach-culture. Fig. 1484. 



Apricots are grown with little trouble in the peach 

 regions, and there are several commercial plantations. 



Cherries are grown both for the fresh fruit and for 

 canning the former chiefly in the Hudson valley and 

 the latter chiefly in western New York. The canning 

 cherries are the sour type chiefly English Morello and 

 Montmorency. The large canning factory industry 

 (some 25 factories in western New York) makes the 

 sour cherry industry profitable. 



Quinces are probably more largely grown than else- 

 where in the Union. 



The small fruit interests are very large, but there are 

 no reliable statistics. In the northern counties of west- 

 ern New York, black raspberries are grown as a farm 

 crop and the product is mostly evaporated. The annual 

 output of dried raspberries five years ago was approxi- 

 mately 1500 tons, but the amount is now less. While 

 the strawberry is an important crop in all parts of the 

 state, it reaches its largest acreage in Oswego county 

 (Fig. 1486), where about 1200 acres are devoted to it. 

 This region supplies the late markets, producing an- 

 nually about 2,000,000 quarts. In Oswego 

 county there are about 250 acres of red 

 raspberries, mostly Cuthbert. Cranberry- 

 growing has attained some importance on 

 Long Island. 



Western New York has long been the 

 center of the nursery business of North 

 America. Of the 4,510 nurseries reported 

 in the United States census of 1890, 530 

 were in New York. Illinois was second, 

 with 434, and Ohio third, with 393. Not 

 only is the number large, but the variety 

 of stock grown is also significant. Roches- 

 ter and Geneva are the chief nursery cen- 

 ters, although the stock which is sold in 

 these centers is grown over a wide range 

 of country. In acreage in 1890, New York 

 leads with 24,840 acres, followed by Illinois 

 with 17,812 acres, Ohio 16,790, Nebraska, 

 15,641, Missouri, 15,190. The total capital 

 invested was nearly $12,250,000 in New 

 York, as against $4,750,000 in Illinois. 



In seed-farming, New York stood next 

 to New Jersey, in 1890, in amount of capi- 



tal invested, $2,176,076.72 

 as against $2,333,066.68. In 

 number of seed-farms, Con- 

 necticut had 85, New York 

 78,Tennessee 35, New Jersey 

 34. The principal seed-crops 

 grown in New York are bush- 

 bean, Brussels sprouts, cab- 

 bage, sweet corn, cucumber, 

 kale, onion, pea, turnip, as- 

 paragus. 



The trucking interests are 

 very large because of the 

 large population and the 

 many means of transporta- 

 tion. The largest single geo- 

 graphical region is Long 

 Island, which, because of its 

 light soil, warm local cli- 

 mate, and accessible loca- 

 tion, is one of the leading 

 market-gardening regions of 

 the New World. Long Island 

 has an area of 1,700 square 

 miles, of which the western 

 third is largely devoted to 

 trucking interests. Parts of 

 the eastern end are also 

 trucking areas, particularly 

 for cabbage and cauliflower. 

 Cabbage seed is extensively 

 grown in this eastern ex- 

 tremity of the island. 



The floricultural interests 

 of New York state are large 



and growing. Of the 9,000 commercial florists' establish- 

 ments that Galloway estimates for the United States, 

 not less than 1,100 or 1,200 are in this state, with glass 

 amounting to nearly 4,500,000 square feet. New York 

 city is a market for a large geographical region. As 

 early as 1885, John Thorpe estimated that 4,000,000 

 roses that were sent to the New York market by nine 

 growers in one year did not constitute half the number 

 sold in that market. The census of 1890 reports the 

 total investment of New York in floricultural business 

 to have been about $9,500,000 (although only 793 estab- 

 lishments are accounted for), as against upwards of 

 5,500,000 in Pennsylvania, the next heaviest state. The 

 lower Hudson region is the center of the violet industry 

 of the United States. Long Island grows quantities of 

 bulbs. 



Because the horticultural interests of New York are 

 separated in more or less distinct geographical regions, 

 there has never been a representative state horticultural 

 society. The New York Horticultural Society was es- 

 tablished in New York City in 1818, and it was probably 

 the first distinctly horticultural organization in North 

 America; but it was really a local society and it is long 

 since extinct. Efforts have been made to revive it, or 



western New York, 

 in Niagara and Orleans 



1485. A New York apple orchard. 



