1256 



PECAN 



PEDICULARIS 



Pecan, mostly selected wildlings, have been dignified by the 

 application of names more or less appropriate, during the past 

 ten years. In most instances these have been published with 

 but brief and imperfect descriptions which do not serve to 

 identify the varieties. As but a small proportion of them have 

 ever been propagated by other means than by seed, the future 

 production of nuts under these names may be expected to show 

 great variation. The wisdom of applying varietal names to 

 Pecans not propagated by some method of bud-propagation 

 may well be questioned, as it is certain to result in a confused 

 nomenclature when seedlings grown from them come into bear- 

 ing. Out of more than 70 sorts that have been thus dignified 

 with names it is very doubtful whether more than 20 have 

 been offered by nurseries except in the form of seedlings. 

 Of those that have been so propagated and are obtainable in 

 southern nurseries, the following are probably the most im- 

 portant sorts. Little has yet been determined regarding their 

 adaptability to other regions than those in which they origi- 

 nated. The price of trees ranges from 50 cents to $1.50 per tree 

 for one- or two-year-old grafted or budded stock: 



Century (Pig. 1696, a) .Introduced by Herbert Post, Fort 

 Worth, Texas. One of the largest Pecans yet brought to no- 

 tice, selected nuts measuring 2% x 3% inches in circumference, 

 and running 25 to the pound. 



Columbian (Fig. 1696, 6; syns., Mammoth, Rome, Pride of 

 the Coast). Originated at Convent, La., and disseminated un- 

 der the above names by different nurseries. Large, cylindrical, 

 slightly constricted at middle and tapering at apex, which is 

 frequently four- sided; shell moderately thin ; of good cracking 

 quality and delicate flavor. Tree reported to be vigorous, but 

 irregular in bearing and yielding nuts varying greatly in size 

 and plumpness of kernel. 



Frotscher (Pig. 1696, c) .Originated at Olivier, La., and in- 

 troduced by the late Richard Frotscher, of New Orleans. One 

 of the largest and best in all respects. Nut cylindrical, taper- 

 ing slightly; shell thin, parting easily from kernel, which with 

 a little care can be removed entire; flavor delicate, quality ex- 

 cellent. Tree thrifty and productive. 



Jewett (Fiar. 1696, d). Introduced by the late W. R. Stuart, 

 Ocean Springs, Miss. Very large, oblong, often constricted and 

 usually rather angular; shell of medium thickness, parting 

 easily from kernel, which does not always fill well; quality 

 very good. 



Pabst (Fig. 1696, e). Origin, Ocean Springs, Miss. Dissemi- 

 nated by Chas. E. Pabst, Ocean Springs, Miss. Cylindrical, 

 moderately large; shell medium, parting well; kernel plump, 

 bright and of excellent quality. Tree vigorous and productive. 



1697. Pedicularis procera 



Paragon (Fig. 1696, ^.Introduced by Herbert Post, Fort 

 Worth, Texas. Loug-obovate, with pyramidal apex, large, with 

 moderately thin shell, cracking well; kernel plump, but with 

 rather deep convolutions; quality very good. 



Russell (Fig. 1696, g). Origin, Ocean Springs, Miss. Intro- 

 duced by Chas. E. Pabst, Ocean Springs, Miss. Oval, pointed, 

 medium to large in size, with very thin shell and plump, bright 

 kernel; cracking quality excellent; flavor delicate, quality very 

 good. Tree productive. 



San Saba (Fig. 1696, h) .Origin, San Saba, Texas. Intro- 

 duced by E. E. Risien, San Saba, Texas. Nut cylindrical, small 

 to medium in size, with very thin shell, fine cracking quality, 

 very bright kernel and delicate flavor. This little nut is of the 

 highest quality for dessert use and but for its small size would 

 be one of the most promising yet brought to notice. 



Sovereign (Fig. 1696, i). Origin, San Saba, Texas. A seed- 

 ling of San Saba, grown and introduced by E. E. Risien, San 

 Saba, Texas. Cylindrical, medium to large, with very thin 

 shell and full kernel of fine quality. A new variety of much 

 promise. 



Stuart (Fig. 1696, j). Origin, Pascagoula, Miss. Introduced 

 by the late W. R. Stuart, Ocean Springs, Miss. Cylindrical, 

 large to very large, selected nuts running 35 to the pound; 

 shell moderately thin, cracking quality good; kernel plump, 

 quality good. Tree thrifty and productive. 



Van Deman (Fig. 1696, *). Introduced by the late W. R. 

 Stuart, Ocean Springs, Miss. Oblong, large, running 45 to the 

 pound; shell moderately thin, cracks well and yields plump 

 meats of good quality. 



Hybrids. Several evident hybrids of the Pecan with other 

 species of Hicoria have been brought to notice, the most con- 

 spicuous being the McCallister (syn., Floyd) from southern 

 Indiana, and the Nussbaumer from southern Illinois, both evi- 

 dently hybrids between H. Pecan and H. laciniosa. Neither 

 these nor others of similar character give promise of immediate 

 cultural value, however. 



For detailed descriptions of varieties and fuller discus- 

 sion of Pecan, see Kept, on Nut Culture, Div. of Pom. 

 U. S. Dept. of Agr., pp. 49-64, PL 4, 8, 9, Fuller's Nut 

 Culturist, chapter on Hickory Nuts, pp. 147-202; Kept. 

 Mo. Bot. Garden 7, pp. 28-42, PL 1-23. See Hicoria. 



WM. A. TAYLOR. 



PEDICULARIS (Latin, louse; long supposed to breed 

 lice in sheep that fed on these plants). Scrophular- 

 idcece. LOUSEWORT. About 125 species of herbs, mostly 

 natives of the northern hemisphere, with terminal spikes 

 of yellow, reddish purple or white fls. The few kinds 

 cult, in hardy borders are chiefly esteemed for the 

 beauty of their fine-cut foliage. A good many species 

 have been tried, but they seem to be short-lived and 

 it is conjectured that their roots are more or less para- 

 sitic on other plants. A few are annuals or biennials, 

 but the great majority, including those described below, 

 are perennials. They are procurable from dealers in 

 native plants. P. Canadensis seems to be the only 

 American species cult, in European gardens. A good 

 plant of it has 6-8 fls., each % in. long, in a spike 1% in. 

 long, which becomes 5-8 in. long in fruit. 



Generic characters: Ivs. alternate or whorled, rarely 

 subopposite, 1-many times pinnately divided, rarely 

 merely dentate: calyx anteriorly cut, variously 2-5- 

 toothed; corolla 2-lipped, the upper one (or galea) with 

 or without a long beak : stamens 4, didynamous : capsule 

 ovate or lanceolate, oblique: seeds usually few. 



A. Galea (upper Up of the corolla) with a long beak 



(%in. long). 



racemdsa, Dougl. Height 1 ft.: Ivs. undivided, mi- 

 nutely and doubly crenulate: fls. white; beak circinate- 

 incurved, nearly reaching the lower lip. Colo, to Brit. Col. 



AA. Galea witJi very short beak or none. 



B. Bracts mostly longer than the fls. 

 prdcera, Gray. Fig. 1697. Robust, 1^-4 ft. high: Ivs. 

 pinnately divided: spike 6-15 in. long: fls. sordid yel- 

 lowish and greenish striate. Mts. of Colo, and New Mex. 



BB. Bracts shorter than the fls. 

 c. Capsule ovate, scarcely longer than the calyx. 



lanceolata, Michx. SWAMP LOUSEWORT. Glabrous or 

 nearly so, 1-3 ft. high: Ivs. alternate and opposite, pin- 

 nately lobed, upper ones sessile: fls. yellow. Aug.-Oct. 

 Swamps, Conn, to Manitoba; south, Ohio to Neb. B.B. 

 3:185. 

 CC. Capsule lanceolate, three times as long as the calyx. 



Canadensis, Linn. WOOD BETONV. The common 

 American Lousewort, usually more or less hairy: stems 



