1290 



PH^DRANASSA 



PHAL^NOPSIS 



4 in an umbel, green towards the tip, without any red, 

 passing into whitish towards the base. Andes of Ecua- 

 dor. Possibly a mere color variety of P. chloracra. 



W. M. 



PHAIUS (Greek, dark; referring to the color of the 

 fls.). Orchidacece. Often spelled Phajus. Very large 

 terrestrial orchids with ample foliage and tall clustered 

 stems terminating in racemes of showy fls. : sepals and 

 petals similar, spreading or half -spreading; labellum 

 large, with the lateral lobes enclosing the column, 

 usually gibbous or spurred behind; column slender; 

 pollinia 8. Distinguished from Calanthe by the free 

 labellum; from Thunia by the leafless, bracted scape 

 which does not terminate the leafy axis. Natives of 

 tropical Asia, Africa, Australia, China, Japan, and the 

 South Sea Islands. HEINRICH HASSELBRING. 



Phaius is a genus of terrestrial orchids, few species 

 of which are commercially valuable, though they are all 

 interesting and worthy of culture in general orchid 

 collections. The Phaius grandifolius group comprises, 

 besides the type, several well-marked species and varie- 

 ties such as P. Wallichii, P. maculatus, etc., all large- 

 growing sorts of easy culture. These grow best in a 

 moist situation at a temperature of 55 to 60 F. at night, 

 with an advance of 10 by day, during winter months, and 

 a moist, shady location with an active atmosphere during 

 summer, allowing a good supply of water whenever the 

 compost is getting dry, especially during the growing 

 season. Good potting material consists of equal parts of 

 chopped sod, sphagnum and well-rotted cow manure or 

 leaf -mold. One-third of the pot space should be devoted 

 to drainage, covered with sphagnum or rough material 

 to keep it free and open, and the plant should be kept a 

 little below the rim of the pot to allow space for water. 

 They grow very well at the cool end of the Cattleya 

 department. 



P. tuberculosus , P. Humblotii, P. Mishmensis and 

 kindred species, with their hybrids, need a very moist, 

 active atmosphere and a trifle more heat than is 

 required for the last group. They grow well in open, 



creased by dividing the plants between the pseudobulbs. 

 After potting, give them an extra amount of water, 

 atmospheric moisture and heat until they start new 



action. See also Thiinia. 



R. M. GREY. 



1734. Outline of Phaius Wallichii (X nearly %). 

 To show botanical structure. 



well-drained pots or baskets, in rough material com- 

 posed of equal parts peat fiber, rough decaying leaves 

 and sphagnum, chopped and mixed well together with a 

 few nodules of charcoal. They enjoy a liberal supply 

 of water at the roots at all seasons and should never be 

 allowed to remain long dry. In bright weather syring- 

 ing over the foliage will be found beneficial and assists 

 in keeping down red spider and thrips. Stock is in- 



A. Fls. yellow to brown. 



maculatus, Lindl. Pseudobulbs ovate, 2 in. high : Ivs. 

 3-4, broadly lanceolate, plicate, l%-2 ft. long, varie- 

 gated with numerous yellowish spots : flower-stems 

 about 2 ft. high, bearing a raceme of 10-15 yellow fls. 

 each 2-3 in. in diam. ; sepals and petals half spreading, 

 oblong, obtuse ; labellum erect, with the apex recurved, 

 streaked with orange, wavy and crenate, sides convolute 

 over the column, and the base prolonged into a spur 

 half as long as the ovary. Spring. Northern India and 

 Japan. B.M. 2719 (as Bletia Woodfordii) ; 3960. L.B.C. 

 19:1803. 



Wallichii, Lindl. (P. bicolor, Lindl. P. grandifolius, 

 Lindl., not Lour. P. grandifldrus, Reichb. f.). Fig. 

 1734. Tall: Ivs. broadly elliptic-lanceolate, 3-4 ft. long: 

 flower-stems erect, 3-5 ft. high, clothed with scales: fls. 

 4 in. across, varying in color from chocolate-brown to 

 primrose-yellow; sepals and petals spreading, lanceo- 

 late, long-acuminate; labellum with an ample elongate 

 tube; limb oblong, acute or acuminate, recurved, margin 

 crisp; spur slender, incurved. The labellum is less 

 variable in color than the sepals and petals. The base 

 of the tube is yellow, dull reddish beyond, with the 

 throat purple with yellow or red edges on the disk; 

 apex white. Feb.-May. Trop. India, northward to the 

 lower Himalaya. B.M. 4078; 7023. P.M. 6: 193. -P. 

 Blumei, Lindl., is a form that cannot be distinguished 

 by any botanical character. Ceylon. B.M. 6032. 



grandifdlius, Lour. (Bletia Tdnkervillice, R. Br.). 

 One of the oldest orchids in cultivation. It has smaller 

 fls. than P. Wallichii, with less acuminate sepals and 

 petals and a shorter obtuse lip and spur: sepals and 

 petals reddish brown, but variable, white on the out- 

 side; labellum white at the apex, throat and disk yel- 

 low, sides crimson. China, Australia. B.M. 1924. F.S. 

 7:738. L.B.C. 1:20. G.C. 1872:733; II. 18:565; III. 

 3:112. Gn. 3, pp. 183, 221. A.G. 20:279. 



AA. Fls. white to rose-color. 



Humbldtii, Reichb. f. Pseudobulbs, Ivs. and habit 

 like P. grandifolius but smaller: flower-stem 18-20 in. 

 high, erect : fls. white and rose-colored, tinged and' 

 streaked with darker red; sepals oblong-acute; petals 

 twice as wide; labellum spurless, lateral lobes striped 

 with brown on .a whitish ground, middle lobe light pur- 

 ple, with a yellow callus. Spring. Madagascar. R.H. 

 1891:204. G.C. II. 26:173. A.G. 12:161. A.F. 6:609. 



tuberculdsus, Blume. Rhizome thick: pseudobulba 

 small, bearing several lanceolate Ivs. 6-9 in. long: fls. 

 2-3 in. across, in erect spikes; sepals and petals ovate- 

 oblong, white; lateral lobes of the labellum recurved, 

 yellow, almost covered with brownish crimson spots, 

 margin crenately lobed ; middle lobe bifid, white, 

 spotted with purple, having 3 thick, yellow keels; mar- 

 gin crisp and crenate. Feb. Madagascar. B.M. 7307. 

 R.B. 18:145. G.C. II. 15:341; 18:565; 21:520; III. 

 13:237. Difficult to grow, requiring a higher temp, than 

 the other species. 



Mishm6nsis, Reichb. f. Stem 2-3 ft. high, leafy 

 above: Ivs. 6-10 in. long, elliptic-lanceolate, plicate: 

 scape from the axils of the lower Ivs., together with the 

 loose raceme about 2 ft. long: fls. 2 in. across, pale or 

 dark rose-colored ; sepals linear-oblong, acuminate; 

 petals narrower; labellum with rounded side lobes and 

 a subquadrate, spotted middle lobe, which is somewhat 

 3-parted; spur slender, yellow. Himalaya Mts. B.M. 

 7479. 



P. Ashworthidnus , Sander. A garden hybrid (P. Mannii X 

 P. maculatus). Fls. large; sepals and petals clear old gold; 

 labellum large, of the same color, with many radiating choco- 

 late lines, outer surface clear yellow. Gr.M. 40:551. 



HEINRICH HASSELBRING. 



PHAJUS. See Phaius, above. 



PHAL.EN6PSIS (Greek, moth-like; suggested by 

 the large white fls. of some species). Orchid dcece. 

 This genus, called by Lindley "the grandest of all 

 orchids," contains some of the most magnificent species 



