1354 



PINUS 



PINUS 



Hardy Pine of rapid growth when young and easily 

 raised from seed; grows on dry and sterile soil. As an 

 ornamental plant it may be used on dry and rocky 

 slopes, where it becomes often very picturesque when 



1826. Pinus rigida, recent cone (X %). 



older. It sprouts readily from stumps if cut down or 

 destroyed by fire. 



8. Lariciones. 



29. echinata, Mill. (P. mltis, Michx.). SPRUCE PINE. 

 YELLOW PINE. Tree, to 100 or 120 ft., with slender often 

 pendulous branches in regular whorls : winter-buds ob- 

 long-ovate, brown: Ivs. slender, acute, dark bluish 

 green, sometimes in 3's, 3-5 in. long : cones short- 

 stalked or almost sessile, conic-oblong, dull brown, 1%- 

 2 in. long; apophysis flattened ; umbo little elevated, 

 with short straight or curved prickle: seeds one-fifth 

 to y in. long. N. Y. to Fla., west to 111. and Tex. S.S. 

 11:587. Handsome tree, with broad, oval head, hardy 

 as far north as Mass. 



30. Virginiana, Mill. (P. inops, Ait.). SCRUB PINE. 

 JERSEY PINE. Tree, to 40, or sometimes to 100 ft., with 

 slender horizontal or pendulous branches in remote and 

 irregular whorls, forming a broad, open pyramid or 

 sometimes flat-topped : winter-buds oblong, dark brown : 

 Ivs. stiff, twisted, spreading, acutish, lK-2% in. long: 

 cones conic-oblong, reddish brown, l%-2% in. long; 

 apophysis little elevated, with a broad, depressed-pyra- 

 midal umbo ending in a short recurved prickle: seed 



pale brown, % in. long. N.Y. to 

 S. C., west to Ky. and Ind. S.S. 

 11:581. Hardy as far north as 

 Mass., but of little ornamental 

 merit. Valuable in the Middle 

 States for covering dry and bar- 

 ren soil. 



31. divaricata, Dum.-Cours.(P. 

 Banksidna, Lamb.). Tree, to 70 

 ft., but usually lower and some- 

 times shrubby, with slender, 

 spreading branches, forming a 

 broad, open head : branchlets 

 yellowish to purplish brown : 

 winter-buds oblong-ovate, light 

 brown, very resinous: Ivs. stiff, 

 twisted, spreading, acute or ob- 

 tusish, 'dark or bright green, 

 about 1 in. long: cones conic-ob- 

 long, usually curved, pale yellow- 

 brown and lustrous, unarmed, 1K-2 in. long, remaining 

 on the tree for 12 or 15 years; apophysis flattened, with 

 a transverse line and a small dark obtuse timbo: seed 

 black, % in. long. Hudson bay to N. Y., west to Minn. 



1827. 



Old cone of Pitch Pine 

 Pinus rigida (X %). 



S.S. 11:588. The most northern of all American Pines- 

 and quite hardy, but not of much ornamental value. 



32. elausa, Sarg. (P. inops, var. clausa, Engelm.). 

 SAND PINE. SPRUCE PINE. Figs. 1828, 1829. Tree, to 

 20, occasionally to 70 ft., with slender, spreading 

 brancjaes: branchlets red-brown: winter-buds oblong, 

 obtuse, nofc or little resinous: Ivs. slender and flexible, 

 acute, dark green, 2-3 in. long: cones short-stalked, 

 often oblique at the base, conic-ovate, dark reddish 

 brown, 2-3% in. long, remaining closed for 3 or 4 years 

 after ripening and often becoming enveloped by th& 

 growing wood of the stem; apophysis depressed pyra- 

 midal, conspicuously keeled; umbo with a short, stout 

 spine. Fla. and Ala. near the coast. S.S. 11:582. G.F. 

 5:161. Little known in cultivation and not hardy north. 



33. cont6rta, Dougl. (P. JBoldnderi, Parl.). SCRUB 

 PINE. Tree, to 20, occasionally to 30 ft., with rather 

 stout branches forming a round-topped compact or 

 open head, or a tree, to 80 and occasionally 150 ft., with 

 a narrow pyramidal head: branchlets light orange or 

 orange-brown: buds ovate, dark chestnut-brown, resi- 

 nous: Ivs. stiff, twisted, acutish, dark green, 1-3% in. 

 long: cones ovate or conic-ovate, oblique at the base, 

 1-2 in. long, light yellowish brown and lustrous, scales 

 of the upper side with elevated, pyramidal apex, the 

 dark umbo ending in a slender incurved spine. Alaska 

 to Calif., west to Mont, and Colo.- Var. Bolanderi,. 

 Koehne, the typical form, is a low tree, with shorter,. 

 1-2-in. long Ivs. and with very oblique cones, often re- 

 maining closed for several years after maturity. S.S. 

 11:567. G.C. II. 19:45. Var. Murrayana, Engelm. (P. 

 Murray ana , Murr. P. Soursieri, Carr. ), is the form in 

 the Rocky Mts., and a taller tree of pyramidal habit, with 

 longer, l%-3K-in. long Ivs., less oblique cones, opening, 

 usually soon after maturity. S.S. 11:568. G.C. 1869:191 

 and R.H. 1869, p. 278 (as P. Tamrac). R.H. 1854, p. 

 226. In cultivation it is usually a bushy, low tree and 

 seems hardy north. 



34. pungens, Michx. TABLE MOUNTAIN PINE. POV- 

 ERTY PINE. Tree, to 30, occasionally to GO ft., with 

 stout spreading branches forming a broad, open, often, 

 flat-topped head: branchlets light orange: winter-buds- 

 oblong, obtuse, dark chestnut-brown: Ivs. stout, twisted, 

 sharply pointed, dark green, 1^-2% in. long : cones- 

 conic-ovate, oblique at the base, light brown, 2%-3% in. 

 long; apophysis pyramidal and conspicuously keeled, 

 the conical elongated umbo ending in a stout curved 

 spine: seed light brown, % in. long. N. J. to N. C. and 

 Tenn. S.S. 11:584. Hardy as far north as Mass., but 

 of little ornamental value. 



35. muricata, Don. PRICKLE-CONE PINE. Tree, to 50, 

 occasionally to 90 ft., with stout, spreading branches. 



1828. Cone of Pinus clausa, grown over by the branch (X%). 



forming a regular pyramid in young trees, in old age 

 usually round-topped and compact: branches orange- 

 brown: winter-buds ovate, dark brown, resinous: Ivs. 

 stiff, usually twisted, acute, dark green, 4-7 in. long: 

 cones usually clustered, oblong-ovate, oblique at the 

 base, chestnut-brown, 2-3% in. long; scales of the upper 

 side with elongated conical apex terminated by a dark 

 triangular spiny umbo, scales of the lower side more 

 flattened, with slender straight spines; the cones usu- 

 ally remain closed for several years after maturity; 



