1372 



PLEIONE 



PLUM 



the labellums, side lobes streaked with purple, middle 

 lobe ovate, wavy, white, spotted with purple and yellow. 

 The Ivs. fall in Sept.; fls. in Nov. B.M. 4691. F.S. 

 14:1470. F. 1851:97 (all as Ccelogyne maculataJ.-Var. 

 Bermanica was once offered by Wm. Mathews. 



prsecox, D. Don (P. Wallichidna, Lindl. & Paxt.). 

 Fig. 1850. Pseudobulbs flask-shaped, depressed, dull 

 green, warted and covered with a network of the old 

 split sheaths : Ivs. broadly lanceolate, plicate: fls. 

 large, on short peduncles ; sepals long lanceolate, 

 spreading, pink ; petals similar but narrower; labellum 

 trumpet-shaped, indistinctly lobed, pink, white and yel- 

 low in the throat; disk with longitudinal fringed lamel- 

 lae, margin dentate-fimbriate. Oct., Nov. B.M. 4496. 

 B.R. 26-24. P.M. 6:25 (all as Ccelogyne Wallichiana). 



1850. Pleione praecox (X 



Lagenaria, Lindl. & Paxt. Pseudobulbs clustered and 

 depressed, as in the other species, dull green, mottled 

 with brown: fls. about 4 in. across, rose-lilac; sepals 

 and petals narrowly lanceolate ; labellum convolute, 

 crisp on the margin, pale lilac, blotched with yellow 

 and deep crimson in the throat and having several yel- 

 !ow crests. Aug.-Nov. Himalaya Mts. B.M. 5370. F.S. 

 28:2386. I.H. 14:510 (all as Ccelogyne Lagenaria). Gn. 

 51, p. 64. 



Keichenbachiana,T. Moore. Pseudobulbs 5-8-grooved, 

 flask-shaped but suddenly contracted at the top : scape 

 1-2 in. long, closely sheathed: sepals and petals linear- 

 oblong, pale purple to white; labellum nearly white, 

 middle lobe white with few pale purple spots, with 3 

 crests ; margin ciliate - toothed. Autumn. Rangoon. 



B.M. 5753. 



HEINRICH HASSELBBING. 



PLEBOMA. See Tibouchina. 

 PLEUEISY BOOT is Asclepias tuberosa. 



PLEUROTHALLIS (Greek, lateral branch; referring 

 to the inflorescence, which arises from the axil of the 

 leaf). Orchidacece. One of the largest of the genera of 

 orchids containing about 400 species, dispersed in the 

 region extending from Brazil and Bolivia to Mexico and 

 the West Indies. On account of their small, inconspicu- 

 ous flowers these plants are of no horticultural value, 

 and not generally cultivated. Stems clustered on the 

 rhizome, sheathed with scales below and bearing a 

 single leaf at the summit: fls. in a nodding raceme from 

 the axil of the leaf; sepals free or the lateral ones 

 united at the base; petals smaller; labellum free, simi- 

 lar to the petals or 3-lobed; column short, without 

 lateral branches. 



Roezlii, Reichb. f. Lvs. oblong-lanceolate, 4-10 in. 

 long: flower-stem often a little longer than the Ivs. : fls. 

 purple-brown, in a one-sided raceme. Colombia. 



ornata, Reichb. f. A very small cespitose plant with 

 Ivs. scarcely 1 in. long: fls. opening successively on 

 erect, zigzag racemes a few inches long, inconspicuous, 

 yellow with brown spots. B.M. 7094. The plant is 

 easily distinguished by the sepals, which are fringed 

 with silvery pendulous hairs. 



HEINRICH HASSELBRING. 



PLUM. Plate XXX. It is probably more difficult to 

 give specific practical advice for the management of the 

 Plum than for any other common fruit. This is because 

 the cultivated Plums represent several distinct species 

 which are not equally adapted to all parts of the coun- 

 try, and the same remarks will not apply to them all. 

 There is no country in which the domesticated Plum 

 flora is so complex as in North America, for we not 

 only grow the specific types of Europe and of Japan, 

 but also species that are peculiar to our own country. 

 In the northeastern states and on the Pacific slope the 

 European or Domestica types are the leading Plums. In 

 these same areas and also in the South and in parts 

 of the mid-continental region, the Japanese Plums are 

 now popular and are gaining in favor. In the cold 

 North, in the great interior basin, and also in most 

 parts of the South, various native types now consti- 

 tute the leading cultivated Plums. These native Plums 

 are developed from wild species of the country, and 

 they are unknown in cultivation (except in botani- 

 cal or amateur collections) in any other part of the 

 world. These have been developed chiefly within a half 

 century, although a few varieties are older than this. 

 For a history of this evolution, see "Sketch of the Evo- 

 lution of our Native Fruits." 



The Plums cultivated in North America belong to the 

 following groups ( see Primus ) : 



1. Domestica or European types, Prunus domestica. 

 Native to western Asia. Comprises the common or old- 

 time Plums, such as Green Gage, Lombard, Bradshaw, 

 Yellow Egg, Damsons, and the like. The leading Plums 

 from Lake Michigan eastward and north of the Ohio, 

 and on the Pacific slope. Figs. 1851 to 1856 are of 

 this species. Of late years, hardy races of Primus 

 domestica have been introduced" from Russia. These 

 have value for the colder parts of the plum -growing 

 regions. Figs. 1853-5 show representative forms of the 

 Russian type. 



2. The Myrobalan or cherry-Plum type, Primus ceras- 

 ifera. Native to southeastern Europe or southwestern 

 Asia. Much used for stocks upon which to bud Plums, 

 and also the parent of a few named varieties, as 

 Golden Cherry ; and DeCaradeuc and Marianna are 

 either offshoots of it or hybrids between it and one of 

 the native Plums. 



3. Japanese types, Prunus triflora. Probably native 

 to China. The type seems to be generally adapted to the 

 United States, and will certainly be of great value to 

 both the South and North. This species first appeared 

 in this country in 1870, having been introduced into 

 California from Japan. For historical sketch, see Bull. 

 62, Cornell Exp. Sta. (1894); also Bull. 106 (1896). 



4. The Apricot or Simon Plum, Prunus Sitnonii. 

 Native to China. Widely disseminated in this countrj r , 

 but little grown except in parts of California. Intro- 

 duced about 1881. 



5. The Americana types, Primus Americana. The 

 common wild Plum of the North, and extending west- 

 ward to the Rocky mountains and southward to the 

 Gulf and Texas. Admirably adapted to climates too 

 severe for the Domestica Plums, as the Plains and the 

 upper Mississippi valley. See Cornell Bulletin 38 for 

 an early account of the native Plums. Fig. 1857. 



6. The Wild Goose or Hortulana types, Prunus Jiort- 

 ulana. A mongrel type of Plums, comprising such 

 kinds as Wild Goose, Wayland, Moreman, Miner and 

 Golden Beauty. These are no doubt hybrids of the 

 last and the next. 



7. The Chickasaw types, Prunus angustifolia (or P. 

 Chicasa). Native to the southern states, and there 

 cultivated (from southern Pennsylvania southwards) in 

 such varieties as Newman, Caddo Chief and Lone 

 Star. 



