QUERCUS 



oblong, 1-1% in. high, embraced one-third by the cup. 

 Quebec to Ga., west to Mich, and Ark. S.S. 8:380, 381. 

 Em. 1:1515. G.F. 4:24(1. -It is less desirable as an or- 

 namental tree than many other species, but the wood is 

 valuable. The light gray bark separating in large thin 

 scales and the numerous small branches which appear 

 on the larger limbs and often on the trunk, make it easy 

 to distinguish from allied species. 



23. macrocarpa, Michx. BUR OAK. MOSSY CUP OAK. 

 Fiir. L'041 (6). Tree, to 80, sometimes 160 ft., with large 

 spreading branches, forming a broad, round head; 

 bark light brown, deeply furrowed; younger branches 

 sometimes with corky wings : Ivs. obovate or oblong- 

 obovate, lyrate-pinnatifid, with 4-10 pairs of lobes, the 

 lower ones smaller, separated by wide and deep sinuses, 

 the upper ones much larger, or sometimes the Ivs. are 

 only sinuately dentate above the middle, bright green 

 and shining above, grayish or whitish tomentose be- 

 neath, 4-8 in. long: fr. sessile or short-stalked; acorn 

 broadly ovate or ovoid, 54-1% in. high, embraced about 

 one-half by the large %-2 in. wide cup, with the upper 

 scales awned and forming a fringe-like border. Nova 

 Scotia to Pa., west to Manitoba and Tex. S.S. 8:371, 

 372. Em. 1:149. G.F. 2:500; 3:407. Mn. 2:153. Gng. 

 4 :342. - Var. olivaefbrmis, Gray ( Q. olivcef6rm is, Michx.; . 

 Lvs. deeply pinnatifld, lobes almost all narrow and sep- 

 arated by wide sinuses; cup usually elongated, much 

 higher than broad. S.S. 8:373. The Bur Oak is of vig- 

 orous growth and becomes a stately tree and is of pic- 

 turesque appearance in winter with its corky branches. 

 Crown often fan-shaped until tree is mature. 



24. lyrata, Walt. OVERCUP OAK. SWAMP, or SWAMP 

 POST OAK. Tree, to 100 ft.,, with rather small, often 

 pendulous branches forming a symmetrical, round- 

 topped head: Ivs. obovate to obovate-oblong, deeply 

 lyrate pinnatifid, with 3-5 pairs of oblong or lanceolate 

 lobes, the lower ones much smaller, separated by a wide 



sinus from the upper 

 ones, dark green and 

 shining above, whitish 

 tomentulose beneath or 

 sometimes light green 

 and pubescent: fr. 

 short - stalked ; acorn 

 globose, %-l in. high, 

 almost entirely en- 

 closed by the large 

 scaly cup. N. J. to 

 Fla., west to Mo. and 

 Tex. S.S. 8:374. -Lit- 

 tle cultivated ; hardy as 

 far north as Massachu- 

 setts ; prefers moist 

 soil. 



25. stellata, Wangh. 

 (Q. obtusiloba, Michx. 

 Q. minor, Sarg.). POST 

 OAK. Tree, to 60, rarely 

 to 100 ft., with broad, 

 dense, round head, and 

 with grayish brown, 

 deeply fissured bark: 

 Ivs. short - stalked, 

 broadly obovate, lyrate-pinnatifid, with 2 or usually 3 

 pairs of lobes, the middle pair being much larger, undu- 

 late, and mostly with a lobe on the lower side, separated 

 from the lower pair by wide, from the upper pair by 

 narrower sinuses, dark green above, brownish tomen- 

 rulose beneath, 5-8 in. long: fr. almost sessile; acorn 

 ovoid, % in. high, embraced one-third to one-half by 

 the cup; scales lanceolate, loosely appressed. Maine to 

 Fla., west to Mich, and Tex. S.S. 8:368,369. Em. 1:151. 

 Hardy and handsome tree with dense round head, 

 growing naturally in mther dry, sandy or rocky soil. 



26. Garryana, Dou t > OREGON OAK. Tree, to 80, 

 rarely to 100 ft., with ^ide-spreading branches, some- 

 times shrubby; bark light gray: Ivs. obovate, pinnati- 

 fid, with broad, obtuse, entire or toothed lobes, dark 

 green above, pubescent and yellowish green or whitish 

 below: fr. short-stalked; acorn ovoid, about 1 in. high, 

 embraced about one-third by the saucer-shaped cup ; 

 -scales usually thin. Wash, and Ore. to Calif. S.S. 8:364, 



QUERCUS 



1481 



2048. English Oak Quorcus pedun 

 culata. Natural size. No. 29. 



365. G.F. 7:495. -The most important Oak of the Pacific 

 states as a timber tree. 



27. lobata, Ne'e (Q. Hlndnii, Benth.). VALLEY or 

 WKKIMNG OAK (WHITE OAK of tin- Pacific st!iti-. 

 Fig. 2046. Tree, to 100 ft., with great, wide-spreading 



2049. Quercus pedunculata. var. 

 filicifolia (X %). No. 29. 



limbs and slender drooping branches: Ivs. oblong or 

 obovate-oblong, with 3-5 pairs of sometimes lobed-den- 

 tate lobes, dark green and stellate-pubescent above and 

 usually whitish tomentulose beneath, 2-4 in. long : fr. 

 almost sessile; acorn elongated, conical, l%-2 in. high, 

 embraced about one-third by the cup ; lower scales tuber- 

 culate, upper one subulate. Calif S.S. 8:362. G.P. 

 3:611; 10:55, 202 S 205. -Graceful wide-spreading tree,but 

 has not been cult, successfully outside of Calif. 



28. alba, Linn. WHITE OAK. Plate XXI. Figs. 

 1506, 2039, 2041(2), 2047. Tree, to 100 ft., with stout 

 spreading branches forming abroad, open head: bark 

 light gray: Ivs. obovate or oblong -obovate, narrowed 

 at the base, with 3-8 pairs of rather narrow obtuse and 

 sometimes toothed lobes, pubescent when young, soon 

 glabrous, bright green above, glaucescent beneath: fr. 

 short- or long-stalked; acorn oblong-ovate, 1 in. high, 

 embraced about one-fourth 

 by the shallow cup; scales 

 closely appressed. Me. to 

 Fla., west to Minn, and Tex. 

 8.8.8:356,357. Em. 1:145. 

 G.F. 3:91; 4:6,7; 5:259,450. 

 The White Oak is one of 

 the noblest trees of the 

 northern states and a beau- 

 tiful park tree, where space 

 can be allowed for its full 

 development ; the foliage 

 assumes a beautiful deep 

 vinous red or violet-purple 

 color in fall. Var. repanda, 

 Michx., is a form in which 

 the Ivs. have rather shallow 

 sinuses and the fruits are 

 usually short-stalked. Var. 

 pinnatifida, Michx., has the 

 Ivs. deeply pinnatifid with 

 narrow often lobed or 

 toothed lobes and the fruits 



usually slender-stalked. S.S. 8:358. Hybrids of this 

 species with Q. macrocarpa, Prinns and stellata are 

 known. S.S. 8: 359-361. A tree of the hybrid with Q. 



2050. 



Acorn of Live Oak Quercus 

 Virginiana; oftener known 

 asQ.virena(X%). No. 37. 



