RUBUS 



times indistinctly lobed, long-stalked, thin, glabrous or 

 becoming so beneath: Hs. solitary or in 2's, large, red 

 or purple: fr. large, somewhat conical, salmon-color or 

 wine-red, edible, the drupelets bearing the persistent 

 styles. Calif, to Alaska. B.R. 17:1424. L.B.C. 17:1602 

 F.S. 21:2260. Mn. 4, p. 57. -Sometimes cult, for its 

 showy flowers and fruits. Canes perennial. Var. 

 Menziesii, Wats., has tomentose leaves. 



SECTION 5. ID^EOBATUS, or Raspberries. 



A. Lvs. long-pinnate, with 2 or more pairs of narron- 

 leaflets. 



12. rossefdlius, Smith (R. florlbundn and R. Sinensis, 

 Hort. R.rosar.flbrus, Roxbg. ). STRAWBERRY-RASPBERRY, 

 Figs. 2196, 2197. Erect and tall-growing, evergreen in 

 warm countries, glabrous or somewhat pubescent-hir- 

 sute: Ivs. odd-pinnate, the lateral leaflets 2-7 pairs, all 

 the Ifts. ovate-lanceolate or lance-oblong, acuminate, 

 strongly many-veined and very sharp-serrate, more or 

 less silky-hairy beneath: fls. solitary or in few-fld. 

 clusters, white, l%-2 in. across, showy: fr. erect, 

 bright red, long thimble-shaped, usually about 1-1% in. 

 high, very showy, edible but insipid. Var. sorbiJolius 

 (R. sorbifdlius, Maxim. ) is a very hairy and hispid form. 

 Var. coronarius, Sims (R. grandiflorus, Hort.), is a 

 double form, sometimes cult, as the "Brier Rose "and 

 "Bridal Rose"(B.M. 1733. G.C. II. 11:77). -Widely 

 distributed in tropical countries, but native to the Him- 

 alayan region and eastward to China and Japan. B.M. 

 6970. F.S. 17:1714. A.G. 20:82, 87. A beautiful plant 

 and worthy of general culture. In the North it usually 

 kills to the ground each winter, but it throws up shoots 

 2-4 ft., and these bloom from summer until frost, usu- 

 ally ripening fruit at the same time. The fruit has 

 some value for eating, but it is probable that it will 

 never be greatly developed in this direction. The dou- 

 ble-flowered form is often grown under glass and in 

 pots. 



AA. Lvs. pedately 3-5-foliolate. 

 B. Plant profusely red-hairy. 



13. phoenicolasius, Maxim. WINEBERRY. Fig. 2198. 

 Canes long and recurving, furnished with straight > 

 weak prickles and densely clothed with red-brown glan- 

 dular hairs, propagating by "tips": Ifts. usually 3, 

 broad-ovate to round-ovate, apiculate-toothed and some- 

 times indistinctly lobed at top, white-tomentose beneath : 

 fls. in dense, small shaggy-haired clusters which spring 

 from the uppermost axils and form a large, loose, leafy 

 panicle ; petals shorter than the long, bristly calyx- 

 lobes, the latter enlarging after flowering and inclosing 

 the growing fruits in a bur but spreading apart as the 



RUBUS 



1581 



fruit matures : fr. usually small and soft, cherry-red 

 acid or usually insipid, .l.-ipiui and China. B M. 6479* 

 0.0. H. 86:866; ill. ll :26'.t ; 28:137. -Ml in >!)-'>ib' 

 A.G. 12:20-); i.-,:4:r>. (in-. 8 :268. -Interacting M an 

 ornamental plant, and also recommended for its fruit 



2196. Rubus rosaefolius. 

 One of the best of the flowering Rubuses. 



2.95. Rubus cratsegifolius. 



(X%). 

 See No. 9. 



In the North it often kills to the ground, but the strong 

 young recurving canes and white-bottomed foliage make 

 it a handsome plant. 



14. ellipticus, Smith (R. flavns, Ham.). Fig. 2199. 

 Tall and erect or nearly so (6-10 ft.), the canes stout 

 and densely beset with straight red-brown hairs and 

 bearing a few stout, short, nearly straight prickles: Ifts. 

 3, the terminal one much the largest, ovate to orbicular- 

 ovate, not lobed, evenly doubly serrate, thickish, soft 

 pubescent and strongly veined and prickly on the mid- 

 rib beneath- fls. white, % in. or less across, in small, 

 many-fld. clusters: berry the size of a common Rasp- 

 berry, yellow, of good quality. Himalayas. Grown in 

 southern Fla., where it is said to be the only Raspberry 

 that perfects its fruit. 



BB. Plant not red-hairy all over. 

 c. Red Raspberries. 



15. Idseus, Linn. EUROPEAN RASPBERRY. An erect, 

 mostly stiff grower, propagating by suckers, the canes 

 light - colored and bearing nearly straight slender 

 prickles: Ifts. ovate, white beneath, irregularly toothed 

 and notched, usually somewhat plicate or wrinkled: 

 flower-clusters mostly long and interrupted, most of the 

 peduncles dividing into two or three pedicels, the pedi- 

 cels, as also the flowering shoots, petioles and midribs, 

 finely pubescent, but not glandular, and sparsely fur- 

 nished with firm recurved prickles: fls. small, white; 

 calyx pubescent: fruit oblong or conical, dark red, yel- 

 low or whitish, produced more or less continuously 

 throughout the season. Europe and Asia. Named for 

 Mt. Ida, in Greece. Early introduced into this country, 

 but now nearly driven from cultivation by the hardier 

 native species. The Antwerps, Fontenay, and Fastolf 

 belong here. Rubus Id<tua itself is not known to be 

 native to N. Amer., but a most interesting form of il 

 (var. anomalus, Arrh.) has been discovered recently in 

 Vermont. See Fernald, Rhodora, 2, p. 195, with figure. 



