SALIX 



late spring on short lateral peduncles, which 

 bear 4-6 Ivs., those borne later in the season 

 on much longer leafy branches, very loosely 

 fld.: fls. fascicled in clusters of 2-5 on the 

 axis, a distinct interval between the fascicles, 

 first appearing in May and often bearing a 

 second set of aments in early summer; scales 

 usually glabrous or somewhat hairy toward 

 the base, narrowly oblong, yellowish, decid- 

 uous after flowering : filaments crisp hairy 

 below, smooth above : capsules sessile, 

 clothed when young with appressed silvery 

 hairs, becoming nearly smooth at maturity: 

 stigmas short, sessile. Central N. America. 

 The pistillate ament, lax at anthesis, becomes 

 more so as the capsules mature, and by this 

 character the species can easily be distin- 

 guished from related species. 



11. argophylla, Nuttall (S. longifblia, var. 

 argophylla, Anderss. S. fluvidtilis, var. ar- 

 gophylla, Sargent. S. Hindsiana, Bentham). 

 Tree or large shrub, 12-18 ft. high, forming 

 dense thickets but not growing in clumps: 

 branches nearly glabrous and exceedingly 

 tough : bark turning from brown to bright 

 yellow or orange just before blooming, mak- 

 ing a thicket of it a most conspicuous ob- 

 ject: Ivs. narrowly lanceolate, closely sessile, 

 entirely or rarely minutely and remotely 

 denticulate, clothed equally on both sides 

 with an appressed silky pubescence, which 

 more or less conceals the veins ; stipules 

 obsolete: scales oblong and obtuse in the 

 staminate ament, narrower and more acute in 

 the pistillate ; lower half of the filament 

 densely crispy hairy: capsule lanceolate, cov- 

 ered with straight appressed silky hairs, 

 closely sessile: stigmas sessile; mature cap- 

 sule often nearly glabrous. Occasionally the 

 leaves remain upon the plant over winter, 

 the young shoots appearing in their axils in 

 spring. Ament surpassed in length by its 

 leafy peduncles; appearing in May in Ore- 

 gon and northern California and flowering in- 

 termittently all summer. This species is dis- 

 tinguished by its narrowly lanceolate, entire 

 leaves, obsolete stipules, small and rather 

 narrow aments, erose scales and hairy cap- 

 sules. S. argophylla occurs on the Pacific 

 slope from southern California to British 

 Columbia. It is a western representative 

 of the long-leaved Willows. Not advertised, 

 but a beautiful species common along streams 

 and irrigation ditches. 



12. Caprea, Linn. GOAT WILLOW. Fig. 

 2235. A small tree, 12-25 ft. high, with up- 

 right branches: Ivs, large, 2-5 in. long, 1-3 

 in. wide, rounded or subcordate at base, ru- 

 gose, very variable: aments appearing before 

 the Ivs., large and showy, especially the stam- 

 inate ones. Eu. Asia. The typical form 

 often occurs in yards where it has sprouted 

 from the stock upon which the more popular 

 but scarcely more ornamental variety, pend- 

 ula, has been grafted. Var. pendula, Hort. 

 KILMARNOCK WILLOW. Dwarfed form, grafted 

 on stock about 4 ft. high, and forming a 

 weeping shrub. Often planted in yards. S. 

 multin6rvis is supposed to be a hybrid, and 

 probably belongs with S. Caprea. 8. Caprea, 

 var. tricolor, Hort., is said by F. W. Kelsey 

 to be a round-headed tree, with "tricolored 

 foliage." S. palmcefblia, Hort., is said by F. 

 W. Kelsey to be cf vigorous growth, with 

 large, deep green Ivs. and reddish purple 

 young wood. 



13. discolor, Muhl. PUSSY WILLOW. Figs. 

 2228, 2229, 2234. A shrub or short-trunked 

 tree, 10-20 ft. high : buds very large and nearly 

 black: Ivs. smooth and bright green above, 

 whitish beneath, irregularly crenate-serrate : 

 aments appear early in spring, before the 

 Ivs., closely sessile, enveloped in long, silky 



SALIX 



1601 



2234. Leaves of Wil- 

 lows (X %). 



7. Snlix alba; 



8. Babylonica; 



9. interior ; 



10. Bebbiana; 



11. tristit ; 



12. discolor. 



hairs. E. N. Amer. - Worthy of more ex- 

 tended cultivation and thriving in dry ground 



14. Bebbiana, Sarg. (S. r<>xtn)t<t, Kich.) 

 Fig. 2234. A small tree, 10-2(1 ft. high, with 

 short but distinct trunk : buds of medium 

 size, conical, brown : IVH. dull K n-<-n ami 

 downy above, prominently veined and Intiry 

 beneath: aments appearing with the Ivs., tue 

 staminate beautiful golden when in flow.-r; 

 scales narrow and shorter than the pedicels 

 capsules long rostrate. E. N. Amer. -Prefers 

 dry soil and can be used to good advantage 

 against walls and in rockeries. 



15. humilis, Marsh. PRAIRIK WILLOW. A 

 shrub, 3-8 ft. high, varying much in stature, 

 and in size and shape of Ivs.: branches 

 hairy: Ivs. oblanceolate to oblong, nearly en- 

 tire, more or less revolute: aments densely 

 and many-fld. E. N. Amer. Grows in driest 

 situations. 



16. tristis. Ait. DWARF WILLOW. Fig. 

 2234. A diffuse shrub, 1-1% ft., with long 

 deep-set root : branches gray, slender: Ivs. 

 small, 1 in. long, linear - lanceolate, very 

 short-petioled : aments small and rather few- 

 fld.: stamens orange-red. E. N. Amer. 



17. sericea. Marsh. SILKY WILLOW. A 

 shrub usually 4-8 ft. high, diffusely spread- 

 ing from base: branches often reddish: buds 

 obtuse and rounded at apex, cylindrical : Ivs. 

 very silky beneath, sometimes becoming less 

 so at maturity : aments densely fld., appear- 

 ing with the Ivs.: stamens often orange-red; 

 capsules short-pedicelled, ovate-oblong, nearly 

 truncate at apex. Northeastern N. Amer. 



18. petiolaris, Sm.,not Hort. Fig. 2233. A 

 low shrub, 3-5 ft. high : branches slender, the 

 whole plant much slenderer than S. sericea, 

 with which it frequently grows: buds smaller 

 and more pointed : Ivs. only slightly silky 

 when young, soon glabrous, more evidently 

 toothed: aments rather loosely fld.: capsules 

 rostrate and pointed, distinctly pedicelled. 

 Central and northeastern N. Amer. S. petio- 

 laris of the trade is S. incana. 



19. viminalis. Linn. OSIER WILLOW. A 

 shrub or small tree, 10-20 ft. high : branches 

 slender and straight: ivs. linear-lanceolate, 

 beautifully silvery, 4-10 in. long; margins 

 revolute. entire: aments appearing before the 

 Ivs., golden yellow. Eu. Asia. Most often, 

 seen in plantations for basket material, for the 

 production of which the plants are cut near 

 the ground every year. Willow culture in 

 experienced hands is often profitable. (For 

 details, see Simpson, Osier Culture, Bull. 19, 

 Div. of For., U. S. Dept. Agric. 1898.) This 

 species does not thrive in this country as well 

 as in Europe. 



20. Candida, Fluegge. HOARY WILLOW. Fig. 

 2233. A shrub, 2-5 ft. high young branches 

 hoary, becoming smooth and red with age: 

 buds reddish, rounded at the apex: Ivs. lan- 

 ceolate or linear-lanceolate, 2-4 in. long, dark 

 green and wrinkled above, covered below 

 with dense white tomentum, revolute: aments 

 sessile, appearing before the Ivs. ; staminate 

 of reddish capsule densely white woolly, with 

 red style and stigmas. N. Amer. This spe- 

 cies hybridizes freely with S. cordata, and 

 several natural hybrids have been described. 



21. myrtilloides, Linn. Fig. 2233. A shrub, 

 2-5 ft. high, with rather slender brown twigs: 

 Ivs. oblong or elliptic-obovate, usually obtuse 

 at both ends, entire and smooth, reticulate- 

 veined : aments rather few -fld. . capsules red- 

 dish, glabrous. N. E. N. Amer. and Eu. Usu- 

 ally grows in cold peat bogs. Probably not 

 in cult. The plant sold under this name ! 

 probably some form of 8. purpurea, which 

 <S. myrtilloides closely resembles in general 

 appearance. 



