SMILAX 



BB. Stem 

 C. Foliage evergreen. 



laurifolia, Linn. Stem stout, high-climbing, armed 

 with straight prickles: branches angled, mostly un- 

 armed : Ivs. leathery elliptic or oblong-lanceolate, 3- 

 nerved : umbels 6-30- fld., on short, stout peduncles: 

 berries black, ovoid. N. J., south and west to Ark. 



SOBKALIA Ki7.; 



SNAKE CUCUMBEK. A form of Cucinni* M 

 SNAKE GOURD. See Trichosanthes. 

 SNAKEHEAD. 



2331. Smilacina racemosa (X %). 



CC. Foliage deciduous. 



Walteri, Pursh. Stem climbing, angled, prickly be' 

 low: branches unarmed: Ivs. ovate to ovate-lanceolate 

 obtuse or abruptly acute, 5-7-nerved: umbels G-15-fld., 

 on short peduncles: berries coral-red or rarely white. 

 Wet soil, N. J. to Fla. west to Mississippi river. B.B. 

 1:442. F.W.BARCLAY. 



SMOKE TREE. Hhus Cotinus. 



SMUT. A prevalent disease of many cultivated cereal 

 grasses and other plants caused by the attack of a 

 fungus of the class ustilagineee, sometimes producing 

 swelling* on various parts of the host, the swellings 

 being eventually filled with brownish or blackish spores 

 known as chlamydospores, which emerge, as a fine dust- 

 like powder, when the outer membrane of the hyper- 

 trophic tissues bursts or cracks. The smut on Indian 

 corn may be taken as typical. The disease usually ap- 

 pears first on the leaves, afterwards at the junction of 

 leaf-sheath and blade; finally the ear of corn is attacked, 

 and the tassel. On the leaves blisters are found; on 

 the ear, large, whitish polished swellings appear. As 

 the spores mature, the swellings become darker in 

 color, and the inclosing membrane finally ruptures, ex- 

 posing the dark olive-green mass of spores. Unlike 

 most other cereals, maize can be inoculated at any age. 

 Several smuts have been described; viz., loose smut 

 of oats (Uxtilago avence), maize and teosinte smut 

 ( Ustilagn ze<c ) , stinking smut of wheat ( TilMia tritici), 

 rye smut (l r rocytttis occulta), onion smut (Urocystis 

 tepulw), and colchicum smut (Urocystis colchici). For 

 an account of the grain smuts, see Swingle, Farmers' 

 Bull. 7o, U. S. Dept. Agric. J OHN \v. HARSHBERGKB. 



SNAILS. See Caterpillars and Worms. 



SNAKEROOT. Black S. <-i,ni<-if,,,, r <ir fm o* and 

 Sanieula Marikmdtoa, Button 8. l.it,-,s. Canadian 

 n,l*Atarum. Seneca S. /<///-/< in s. .-,/. White 8. 

 SuptttortmH "'/ r/iii ruides. 



SNAKE'S BEARD, o/,/,, ,>;>,),,. Snake's Head Iris 

 IIern><l,irtylu*. Snake's Head Lily. Fritillnri-i 

 Meleugris. 



SNAKE'S MOUTH. Pogonia. 

 SNAKE'S TONGUE. Oplnoglossum. 

 SNAPDRAGON is A ,,lirrhinum. 

 SNEEZE WEED. Ilelenium. 

 SNEEZEWOOD. See Ptctrorylon. 

 8NEEZEWORT is Achillea. 

 SNOWBALL TREE. I'iburnum Opulus. 



SNOWBERRY. Consult Chiococca and Chiogenes; 



also Sytii/tltoricdfjnt.t. 



SNOWDROP. See Galanthus. 

 SNOWDROP TREE. Halesia. 

 SNOWFLAKE. Leucojum. 

 SNOW FLOWER. Chionanthus. 

 SNOW GLORY. Chionodoxa. 



SNOW-ON-THE-MOUNTAIN. Euphorbia margi- 

 nata. 



SNOW PEAR. Pyrus nivaUs. 

 SNOW TREE. Pyrus nivalis. 

 SNOW WREATH. Neviusia Alabamensis. 

 SOAP BARK TREE. Quillaja Saponaria. 

 SOAP BERRY. Sapindus. 

 SOAP BULB. Chtorogalum. 

 SOAP-PLANT. See Chlorogalum. 

 SOAPWORT. Saponaria officinalis. 



SOBOLEWSKIA (after G. Sobolewski, Russian bota- 

 nist). Cruciferce. About 2 species of Asiatic annual or 

 biennial, erect, branching herbs, with long-petioled, 

 roundish, coarsely serrate leaves and white flowers 

 borne in numerous corymb-like racemes: silique cla- 

 vate, compressed or nearly terete, curved, coriaceous, 

 inflated at the apex, 1-celled, 1-seeded. 



clavata, Fenzl. Basal Ivs. reniform-cordate, the up- 

 per nearly sessile: silique 2% lines long by IJi lines 

 wide. May. Offered by John Saul in 1893. 



F. \V. BARCLAY. 



SOBRALIA (after Fr. Mart. Sobral, a Spanish bota- 

 nist). Orchidaceix. This is a genus of extremely hand- 

 some orchids with a very distinct habit. The plants 

 have slender, reed-like stems clothed with leaves 

 throughout their entire length. The stems are tufted, 

 forming bushy plants varying in height according to 

 the species. The flowers are among the larirest of the 

 orchids, those of S. macrantha attaining a diameter of 

 9 in. across the sepals. They are, however, very fuga- 

 cious, fading a few dayf after opening. Lvs. with 

 sheathing bases, plicate-venose: fls. membranaceous, 

 few, in short, terminal racemes, or solitary; sepals and 

 petals spreading; labellum convolute around the column, 

 terminal portion large, undulate, often flmbriate, smooth 



